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PHYSICIAN'S 
DOSE AND SYMPTOM BOOK, 


CONTAINING 
THE DOSES AND USES — : 
és OF yer P ‘ \ 


THE PRINCIPAL ARTICLES OF THE MATERIA 
MEDICA AND OFFICINAL PREPARATIONS; 


ALSO, 


Table of Weights and Measures. , Classification of the Materia 
Rules to Proportion the Doses Medica. 


of Medicines. Pharmaceutical Arrangement. 
Common Abbreviations used in | Table of Symptomatology. 

Writing Prescriptions. Oullines of General Pathology 
Table of Poisons and Antidotes. and Therapeutics. 


BY 
JOSEPH H. WYTHES, A.M., M.D., 


AUTHOR OF ‘‘THE MICROSCOPIST,’’ “ CURIOSITIES OF THE 
MICROSCOPE,” ETC., ETC. 


Seventh Gihition. 


PHILADELPHIA : 
DPINDSAY ‘AND*BEARISTON. 
1866, 








Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1864, 
BY LINDSAY & BLAKISTON, 


Th the Clerk’s Office of the District Court for the Eastern District 
of Pennsylvania. 


HENRY B. ASHMEAD, PRINTER, 
Nos. 1102 and 1104 Sansom St. 


co 
7 
a E 
ane 


PREFACE TO THE FOURTH EDITION. 


Tue favor with which this little manual has 
been received, and the number of copies sold, 
is proof of its utility. It was compiled for the 
assistance of students, and to furnish. a vade 
mecum for the general practitioner which would _ 
save the trouble of reference to larger and more 
elaborate works. ; 

During the author’s connection with army 
hospitals at Washington and on the Potomac, 
he noticed with pleasure that it was in frequent 
use by the attending surgeons, and he trusts 
that the present improved edition will prove 
even more useful] than the past. The Pharma- 
ceutical arrangement of the Materia Medica 
(Chapter VII), added to this edition, will com- 
mend itself to all. 


PREFACE TO THE THIRD EDITION. 


THE necessity of another edition of this little 
work, has afforded the compiler an opportunity 
of such condensation in the part devoted to 
medicinal substances, that room has been fur- 
nished for a large number of articles previously 
omitted. The list now embraces every officinal 
* remedy and preparation; nearly every useful 
native medicinal plant, and a variety of remedies 
recently introduced to the profession. 

The part devoted to symptoms of disease, and 
the outline of General Pathology and Therapeu- 
tics, will commend themselves to the student on 
examination, and assist him to avoid becoming 
a mere routinist in the treatment of disease. 

The classification of the Materia Medica, the 
table of poisons and antidotes, the rules for pro- 
portioning doses, and the table of weights and 
measures, add to the value of the work, and 
render it a vade mecum, in which the most 
useful information is compressed into the small- 
est possible compass. 


DOSE AND SYMPTOM BOOK. 


I. 
TABLE OF WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. 





APOTHECARIES’ WEIGHT. 
i 


Pound. Ounces. Drachms. Scruples. Grains. 
tbl — 12 => = 288 = 5760 
ES 1 = 8 = 24 = £480 

om see 3 = 60 

3) l= 20 





APOTHECARIES’ OR WINE MEASURE. 


Gallon. Pints. Fluidounces. Fluidrachms. Minims. 


Cong. 1 = 8 = 128 = 1024. = 61440 
Ol = 16 = 4128 = 1680 

fZ1l = 8 = 480 

fZ 1 =< m, 60 


The drop of water is about equal to a minim, 60 
drops being equal to a fluidrachm. It is important, 


however, to bear in mind, that this is by no means 
- 


a6 


TABLE OF WEIGHTS AND MEASURES. 


the case with other fluids; for example, a minim of 
the tinctures being about equal to two drops, or 
120 drops to the fluidrachm. 


DOMESTIC MEASURES. 


A teacup is considered equal to 4 fluidounces. 


A wineglass * “ 2 ¢ 
A tablespoon ‘¢ cc 4 ce 
A teaspoon os “6 1 fluidrachm 


II. 


RULES TO PROPORTION THE DOSES OF 
MEDICINE. 


In prescribing, the following circumstances should 
always be kept in view :—Age, Sex, Temperament, 
Habit, Climate, the condition of the stomach, and 
Idiosyncrasy. 

Agr.—For an adult, suppose the dose to be ONE, or 1 
drachm. Under 1 year will require only 1- 12th, or 
5 grains. Under 2 years will require only 1-8th, 
or 74 grains. Under 3 years will require only 1-6th, 
or 10 grains. Under 4 years will require only 1-4th, 
or 15 grains. Under 7 years will require only 1-3d, 
or 1 scruple. Under 14 years will require only 3, 
or 4 drachm. Under 20 years will require only 
2-3ds, or 2 scruples. Above 21 years the full dose, 
1 drachm. Above 65 the inverse gradation of the 
above. 

Opiates affect children more powerfully than adults, 
but children bear larger doses of calomel than 
adults. 

Sux.—Women require smaller doses than men; they 
are more rapidly affected by purgatives than men, 
and the condition of the uterine system must never 
be overlooked. 


8 RULES TO PROPORTION DOSES. 


TEMPBRAMENT.—Stimulants and purgatives more rea- 
dily affect the sanguine than the phlegmatic, and 
consequently the former require smaller doses. 

Hazits.—The knowledge of habits is essential; for 
persons in the habitual use of stimulants and nar- 
cotics, require larger doses to affect them when 
laboring under disease, while those who have habit- 
uated themselves to the use of saline purgatives, are 
more easily affected by these remedies. Persons, 
however, who have habituated themselves to the 
use of opium, do not require larger doses than usual 
of other narcotics. 

CiimatEe.—Medicines act differently on the same indi- 
vidual in summer and in winter, and in different 
climates. Narcotics act more powerfully in hot 
than in cold climates, hence smaller doses are re- 
quired in the former; but the reverse is the case 
with regard to calomel. 

CoNDITION OF THE STOMACH, AND JDIOSyNCRASY.—The 
least active remedies operate very violently on some 
individuals, owing to a peculiarity of stomach, or 
rather disposition of body, unconnected with tem- 
perament. This state can be discovered only by 
accident or time; but when it is known, it should 
always be attended to. 

In prescribing, the practitioner should always so regu- 
late the intervals between the doses, that the next 
dose may be taken before the effect produced by 
the first is altogether effaced ; for, by not attending 
to this circumstance, the cure is always commenc- 
ing, but never proceeding. It should, however, also 
be kept in mind, that some medicines, such as the 
mercurial salts, arsenic, &c., are apt to accumulate 
in the system; and danger may thence arise, if the 
doses too rapidly succeed one another. The action 
also of some remedies, elaterium and digitalis, for 


RULES TO PROPORTION DOSES. 9 


example, continue long after the remedy is left off ; 
and therefore much caution is requisite in avoiding 
too powerful an effect, by a repetition of them even 
in diminished‘ doses. Aloes and castor oil acquire 
activity by continued use, so that the dose requires 
to be diminished. 

The following simple rule, given by Dr. Young, will 
be found very useful as a guide in prescribing for 
children. 

For children under 12 years of age, the doses of most 
medicines must be diminished in the proportion of 
the age to the age increased by 12: thus at 2 years 

2 





1—Viz. ==}: or, in other words, add the age to 
ee 

12, and divide the sum by the age, and the product 

will be the proportion of the dose to that of an 


adult. At 21, the full dose may be given. 


10 


III. 


COMMON ABBREVIATIONS USED IN WRIT- 


Abbreviation. 
aa 

Ad lib. 

Ad saturand. 
Aq. ferv. 
Aq. tepid. 
Chart. 
Coch. mag. 
Coch. parv. 
Colent. 
Collyr. 
Contts. 

F. vel ft. 
Fol. 
Garg. 
Gtt. 

Haust. 
Infus. 

M. 

Mass. 

Mist. 

Pils 

Puly.. 


Q. s. 


R. 
Rad. 
Ss. 

Ss. 
Tinct. 


Latin. 
Ana. 
Ad libitum. 
Ad saturandum. 
Aqua fervens. 
Aqua tepida. 
Chartula. 
Cochlear magnum. 
Cochlear parvum. 
Colentur. 
Collyrium. 
Contusus, 
Fiat vel fiant. 
Folium vel folia. 
Gargarisma. 
Gutta vel guttee. 
Haustus. 
Infusis. 
Misce. ° 
Massa. 
Mistura. 
Pilula vel pilule. 
Pulvis vel pulveres. 


Quantum sufficit. 


Recipe. 
Radix. 
Signa. 
Semis. 
Tinctura. 


ING PRESCRIPTIONS. 


English. 
Of each. 
At pleasure. 
Until saturated. 
Hot water. 
Warm water. 
A small paper. 
A tablespoonful. 
A teaspoonful. 
Letthem bestrained 
An eyewater. 
Bruised. 
Let them be made. 
A leaf or leaves. 
A gargle. 
A drop or drops. 
A draught. 
An infusion. 
Mix. 
A mass. 
A mixture. 
A pill or pills. 
A powder or pow- 
ders. 
A snfficient quan- 
tity. 
Take. 
A root. 
Write. 
The half. 
A tincture. 


11 


Be 
TABLE OF POISONS AND ANTIDOTES. 


In all cases of poisoning, the first step is to evacu- 
ate the stomach, which should be effected by one of 
those emetics which is most powerful and speedy in 
its operation, as sulphate of zinc, or sulphate of cop- 
per. When vomiting has already taken place, copious 
draughts of warm water or mucilaginous drinks should 
be given, to keep up the effect till the poisoning sub- 
stance has been evacuated. If vomiting cannot be 
produced, the stomach-pump must be used. 

Inflammation of the stomach, congestion of the 
brain, and other symptoms, are to be treated on gen- 
eral principles, viz.: by blood-letting, cold applica- 
tions, revulsives, cool mucilaginous drinks, milk, lime- 
water, &c. When prostration exists, stimulants should 
be resorted to, as in other cases. 

The following is a list of the usual poisoning sub- 
stances, with the appropriate remedies : 


POISONS. ANTIDOTES, 


Acids. The Alkalies. Common soap (soft 
or hard) in solution is an efficient 
remedy, and has the advantage 
of being always at hand. It 
should be followed by copious 
draughts of tepid water or flax- 
seed tea. For nitric and oxalic 


12 POISONS AND ANTIDOTES. 


acids, the carbonates of magnesia 
and lime (chalk and water) are 
the best antidotes. When sul- 
phuric acid has been taken, the 
use of much water will be im- 
proper. 


Alkalies and their The Vegetable Acids. Common 


salts. 


Earths. 

Baryta and its 
salts. 

Lime. 


~ Todine. 


Iodide of Potas- 
sium. 


vinegar being always at hand, is 
most frequently used. The fixed 
oils, as castor, flax-seed, almond 
and olive oils, form soaps with 
the alkalies, and thus, also, de- 
stroy their caustic effect. They 
should be given in large quanti- 
ties. 

Epsom or Glauber’s Salts, in solu- 
tion, or diluted sulphuric acid. 
The fixed oils also have the same 
effect as with the alkalies proper 
when not in a compound state. 


Starch, or wheat flour, in large 
quantities, well mixed with wa- 
ter. For Iodide of potassium, 
there being no antidote, vomiting 
must be promoted by copious 
draughts of warm water. 


Uichidony and its Astringent Infusions, as of galls, 


salts. 


Arsenic and its 
compounds. 


oak bark, Peruvian bark, or green 
tea, very strong. 

Hydrated Peroxide of Iron, in ta- 
blespoonful doses every 5 or 10 
minutes. See Ferri Oxydum Hy- 
dratum. 


POISONS AND ANTIDOTES. 13 


Bismuth and its 
compounds. 


Copper and its 
compounds. 


Gold, salts of. 
Iron, salts of. 


Lead, salts of. 


Mercury, salts of. 


Silver, salts of. 
Tin, salts of. 


Zinc, salts of. 


Phosphorus. 


Gases. 


Albumen. Copious draughts of 


milk, combined with sweet mu- 
cilaginous drinks. 


Albumen, as milk or whites of eggs 
in solution, should be freely ad- 
ministered. Vinegar must be 
avoided. 


Sulphate of Iron, with a free use of 
mucilaginous drinks. 


Carbonate of Soda, with mucilagi- 
nous drinks. 


Sulphate of magnesia (Epsom salts) 
or diluted sulphuric acid. 


Albumen, as whites ofeggs, milk, or 
wheat flour beaten up with wa- 
ter. ° 


Common salt (chloride of sodium), 
largely given. 


Albumen. Whites of eggs, milk or 
flour. 


Albumen, or carbonate of soda, 
with copious draughts of warm 
water, and especially milk. 


Magnesia with water, and copious 
draughts of mucilaginous drinks. 


Ammonia cautiously inhaled is re- 
commended for chlorine. As- 
phyxia produced by carbonic 
acid or carbonic oxide gases or 
sulphuretted hydrogen, must be © 
treated by copious affusions of - 
cold water, especially to the head, 


14 POISONS AND ANTIDOTES. 


blood-letting, artificial respira- 
tion, stimulants carefully admin- 
istered, &c. 


Creosote. Albumen, or whites of eggs, milk, 
or wheat flour. : 


Alcthol or spirit- A powerful emetic should be given, 
uous liquors. followed by copious draughts of 
warm water. Congestion of the 
brain and other symptoms, to be 

treated on general principles. 


Opium and other The chief reliance is to be placed 
narcotics. on the most active emetics (as 
tartar emetic, sulphate of copper, 
or sulphate of zinc), and the 
stomach-pump. Emetics are pre- 
ferable to the stomach-pump 
when the narcotic has been taken 
in substance. The patient should 
be kept in motion, and cold wa- 
' ter dashed on the head and 
shoulders. Blood-letting may be- 
come necessary to relieve con- 
gestion. After other remedies 
fail, artificial respiration should 
be resorted to. 


CLASSIFICATION OF THE MATERIA 
MEDICA. 


A convenient arrangement of medicinal agents is a 
necessity felt by every student and practitioner. The 
most philosophical arrangement known to the com- 
piler of this work, is that of Headland, in his Prize 
Essay, of which the following is a brief synopsis : 

I. Counter-Irritants, — Frictions. Sinapisms.— 
Blisters. Issues. 
II. Medicines acting locally on the mucous surface. 
A. Irritant Emetics,—Sulphates of Zine and 
Copper, Common Salt, Mustard, Horse- 
radish. 
B. Stomach Anzsthetics—Hydrocyanic Acid. 
Creosote. Nitrate of Bismuth. 
C. Irritant Cathartics, — Cathartic Vermifu- 
ges, and Resinous Cathartics in part. 
III. Hematics,—Medicines acting in and upon the 
blood. 
A. Restoratives,—Restoring deficient. mate- 
rials. . 

1. Aliments. 

2. Acids, — Mineral. Sulphuric. Hydro- 
chloric. Nitric. Phosphoric. Vegetadle. 
Acetic. Citric. Tartaric. _Malic.— 
Super-Salts of the Alkalies. 

3. Alkalies,— Potash. Soda. Ammonia. 
Lime. Magnesia.—Their Carbonates 
and neutral Acetates, Citrates, and 
Tartrates. 


16 THE MATERIA MEDICA. 


4. Tonics, — Bitter. principles of Vegeta- 
bles. 

5. Chalybeates,—Iron and its salts. 

6. Solvents (urinary solvents). 

a. Antilithics, — Mineral. Alkalies, 
their Carbonates and neutral 
salts with Vegetable Acids.—Bi- 
borate and Phosphate of Soda. 
Benzoic and Cinnamic acids. 

b. Antiphosphatics,—Mineral and Ve- 
getable Acids. Sour fruits. 

B. Catalytics—Destroying or counteracting 
morbid agencies in the blood. 

1. Antiphlogistics,;—Antimonials. Mercu- 
rials. Alkalies. Salines. 

2. Antisyphilitics,—Mercurials. Gold. Io- 

dide of Potassium. Sarsaparilla. (7) 


3. Antiscrofulitics, — Iodine. Bromine. 
Chlorine. lIodides and Bromides. 
Potash. 


4, Antiarthritics,—Colchicum. Nitro-hy- 
drochloric Acid. Lemon juice. 

5. <Antiscorbutics,— Citric Acid. Lemon 
juice. Fresh vegetables. Salts of 
Potash. (?) 

6. Antiperiodics,—Arsenious Acid. Arse- 
nite of Potash. Alum. Chloride of 
Sodium. 

7. Anticonvulsives,— Preparations of Ar- 
senic, Silver, Zinc, Lead, and Copper. 

8. Antisquamics,—Preparations of Arsenic. 
Sulphur. Pitch. 

IV. Neurotics,—Medicines influencing the nerve- 
centers. 

A. Stimulants. 

1. General Stimulants. 


THE MATERIA MEDICA, 17 


Mineral substances,—Ammonia and its 
Carbonates. Phosphorus. 

Animal substance,—Musk and Castor. 

Vegetables containing volatile oils,—The 
aromatic Labiatze, Composite, and 
Umbellifere. Cloves and Nutmeg. 
Cinnamon, Cassia, Sassafras. Rue, 
Barosma. The Aurantiacez. Canella. 
Valerian. Mustard. Cajeput and Pi- 
menta. Hops. Juniper. Turpentine. 
Cardamom. Onion. 

Vegetables containing acrid principles,— 
Senega. MHorse-radish. Serpentaria. 
Cascarilla. Pepper. Contrajerva. Gin- 
ger. Capsicum. Mezereon. 

Resinous substances, —Guaiacum. Ma- 
stich, Olibanum, Myrrh, Elemi. Co- 
paiba. Peru, Tolu. Assafcetida, Am- 
moniacum, Galbanum. Benzoin, Sto- 
rax. Pine resin. 

2. Special Stimulants,—Strychnia. Brucia, 
Toxicodendron, Ergot of Rye, Borax, 
Rue. 

B. Narcotics. 

1. Inebriants,— Alcohol. Wine. Ethers. 
Chloroform. Camphor. Indian Hemp. 
Tobacco. Lobelia. 

2. Soporifics,— Opium. Lactuca. Hops. 
Nutmegs. 

3. Deliriants,—Hyoscyamus. Belladonna. 
Stramonium. 

C. Sedatives. 

1. General Sedatives,—Hydrocyanic Acid. 
Creosote. Aconite. Conium. Colchi- 
cum. Tea and Coffee. - 


O* 


18 THE MATERIA MEDICA. 


2. Special Sedatives,—Antimonials: Ipe- 
cacuanha. Digitalis. 

VY. Astringents,—Contracting Muscular fiber. 

1. Mineral Astringents,—Sulphuric, Nitric, 
and Hydrochloric acids. Acetate and 
Diacetate of Lead. Sulphate and Ses- 
quichloride of Iron. Alum. Sul- 
phates of Zinc aud Copper. Bichlo- 
ride of Mercury. Nitrate of Silver. 

2. Vegetable Astringents,—Tannic Acid. 
Gallic Acid. Kino. Catechu. Log- 
wood. Oak-galls. Rhatany. Bistort. 
Pomegranate rind. Rose leaves. Uva 
Ursi. Tormentil. Creosote. 

VI. Eliminatives,— Which pass through the pleads, 
and excite their functions. 

1. Sialagogues, Mercury, &c. 

2. Expectorants,—Antimony. Ipecacuanha, 
&e. 

3. Cathartics. 

a. Mercurials: which increase all se- 
cretions. 

b. Some resins, oils, &c.: which tend 
especially to the bowels.—Jalap. 
Colocynth. Castor oil. Rhubarb, 
Aloes. Elaterium, &c. 

c. Salines; when in such amount that 
they cannot pass off by the kid- 
neys. 

4. Cholagogues.—Mercury, Rhubarb, Aloes, 
Taraxacum. (?) 

5. Diaphoretics. 

a. Salines and Diluents. 

b. Volatile substances, as Ammonia, 

. Volatile oils, and Alcohol. 

c. Certain acrid matters, as Guaiacum, 


THE MATERIA MEDICA. 19 


d. Certain narcotics, as Opium and 
Camphor. 

e. Antimony, Mercury, and Sulphur. 

6. Diuretics. 

a. Water; and soluble mineral sub- 
stances, as acids, alkalies, and 
salines. 

b. Acrid matters of various kinds,— 
Cantharides. Turpentine, &c. 

c. Alcoholic and ethereal liquids. 

d. The minerals which increase all 
the secretions. 


20 


VI. 


ALPHABETICALLIST OF MEDICINES, WITH 
THEIR USES AND DOSES, ETC. 


ABSINTHIUM. Wormwood. (Artemisia absinthium.) 

Tonic, antispasmodic, anthelmintic, discutient, 
antiseptic. 

Use. Inintermittents, dyspepsia, gout, hypochon- 
driasis, dropsy, and epilepsy not depending on or- 
ganic,changes. Clysters of the decoction are useful 
in ascarides. 

Dose. In substance, jj to Rij. Infusion (Zyj to 
water Oj) fZvj to Zxij, three or four times a day. 

Incompatible. Sulphates of iron and of zinc; ace- 
tate and diacetate of lead, nitrate of silver. 

ACACIA. Gum Arabic. (A. vera.) 

Demulcent, nutritious. 

Use. In catarrh, pertussis, ardor urine, &c. Mu- 
cilage of Gum Arabic is often employed as a vehicle 
for other substances. Torender them miscible, oils 
require three-fourths of their own weight, balsams 
and spermaceti equal parts, resin two parts, and 
musk five times its weight. 

Dose. In substance, Zss to 3ij. In decoctions, ad 
libitum. : 

Incomp. Goulard’s extract, alcohol, sulphuric 
ether, tincture of muriate of iron. 

ACETUM. Vinegar. 

Refrigerant, diaphoretic, antiseptic, astringent ; 

externally, stimulant, and discutient. 


ACK 21 


Use. In febrile complaints and scorbutus ; it has 
been supposed to counteract the effects of opium and 
other narcotics, after the stomach has been com- 
pletely cleared; but this is a mistake, and it should 
never be employed in such cases; steam of it in- 
haled in putrid sore throats and in scurvy; as a lo- 
tion in bruises, sprains, burns, and chronic ophthal- 
mia. Antilithic, where the triple phosphates abound 
in the urine; diluted with water, it forms the 
best means of cleansing the eye of small particles 
of lime. 

Dose. £3j to Ziv. In clysters, f3j to Zij. Lotion. 
R. Aceti f3j, Spiritus Ten. fziv, Aquee fZ viij. 

ACETUM COLCHICI. Vinegar of Meadow Saffron. 
Colchici cormi recent. concisi Zj. Aceti dist. fZxvj. 
Spir. ten. £3). 

Use. Inascites, hydrothorax, and gout. 

Incomp. Alkalies, earths, alkaline and earthy 
carbonates, sulphuric acid. 

Dose. f3ss to fj, in any bland fluid. 

ACETUM DESTILLATUM. Distilled Vinegar. (Dis- 
til one gallon of vinegar on a sand-bath, in a glass. 
retort and receiver. Reserve the first seven pints 
for use.) 

Refrigerant, slightly astringent. 

Use. The same as that of vinegar; chiefly for 
pharmaceutical purposes. It is used in the form of 
vapor for purposes. of fumigation, but it has no effi- 
cacy in destroying contagious or infectious matter. 
It is also a good addition in refrigerating lotions 
containing acetate of lead. 

Dose. £3) to fZiv. 

ACETUM OPII. Vinegar of Opium. RK. Opium in 
coarse powder Zviij, Nutmeg Zjss, Saffron -3ss, 
Sugar Zxij, Dist. Vinegar q. s. Digest the opium, 
nutmeg, and saffron, on a sand-bath, with Ojss Dist. 


22 


ACI 


Vinegar, for 48 hours, and strain. Digest the resi- 
due with an equal quantity of dist. vinegar in same 
way, 24 hours. Put the whole into an apparatus 
for displacement and return the filtered liquor, as 
it passes, until it comes away quite clear. When 
the filtration has ceased, pour distilled vinegar 
gradually upon the remaining materials till the 
whole quantity of filtered liquor equals Oiij. Then 
add the sugar, and by means of a water-bath eva- 
porate to Oiij and fZiv. 

Narcotic. 

Use. A substitute for tincture of opium ; it is less 
likely to affect the brain than the tincture. 

Dose. mvii tomo. 


ACETUM SCILL. Vinegar of Squill. (Scillee re- 


centis exsiccatee Zxv, Aceti distil. Ovj. Spiritus ten. 
Oss.y ‘The squill should be macerated 7 days; or it 
may be prepared by macerating Ziv bruised squill 
in a pint of distilled vinegar 2 days, then putting 
the mixture into an apparatus for displacement 
gradually pouring in distilled vinegar till the quan- 
tity of distilled liquor equals Oij; lastly, adding the 
alcohol. Diluted acetic acid may be substituted for 
the vinegar. 

Diuretic, expectorant, emetic, in large doses pur- 
gative. 

Use. In dropsies, asthma, and chronic catarrh. 

Dose. 38s to fZij, in cinnamon water or mint 
water. 


ACHILLEA MILLEFOLIUM. Milfoil. Yarrow. 


Mild aromatic, astringent. 
Dose. Used in infusion, or 20 drops of volatile oil. 


ACIDUM ACETICUM. Acetic Acid. 


Stimulant, rubefacient, escharotic. 
Use. Applied to the nostrils in syncope, asphyxia, 
and headache; destroys corns and warts. 


ACI - 23 


Incomp. Alkalies, earths, alkaline and earthy 
carbonates. 

ACIDUM ACETICUM DILUTUM. Diluted Acetic 
Acid. (1 part to 7 parts of water.) 

fZj is saturated by 36 grains of pryatallized Bi- 
carb. of Potassa. 

ACIDUM ACETICUM AROMATICUM. Aromatic 
Vinegar. (Rosmarini sic. folior. Origani. sing. 3j. 
Lavandule sic. Ziv. Caryophyllorum cont. 3pss. 
Acidi Acetici Ojss. Macerate seven days, and filter 
the expressed liquor through paper. ) 

Odor pungent and aromatic. 

Use. As a grateful perfume in sick-rooms. 

ACIDUM ARSENIOSUM. Arsenious Acid. (See p. 12.) 

Use. To prepare the arsenical solution. 

ACIDUM BENZOICUM. Benzoic Acid. 

Stimulant; as an expectorant, doubtful ; errhine. 

Use. In chronic leona but of very little efficacy. 

Dose. Grs.xto 

ACIDUM CITRICUM. “Citric Acid. 

Refrigerant, antiseptic. 

Use. In febrile and inflammatory complaints, and 
scorbutus ; and dissolved in water, instead of recent 
lemon juice, for the effervescing draught. (Propor- 
tion Zixss to water Oj.) 

Dose. Grs. x to 38s, dissolved in water or any 
bland fluid. 

Incomp. Sulphuric acid, nitric acid, acetate of 
lead, nitrate and acetate of mercury, alkalies, alka- 
line sulphurets. 

ACIDUM GALLICUM. Gallic Acid. 

Astringent. 

Use. In uterine hemorrhages, 

Dose. 5 to 15 grs. 

ACIDUM HYDROCHLORICUM. (Acidum Muriati- 
cum, U.S.) 


- 


24 ACI 


Tonic, antiseptic, diuretic. 

Use. In typhus; cutaneous eruptions; in gargles 
in inflammatory and putrid sore throat; in injec- 
tions in gonorrhea. 

Incomp. Alkalies, earths, and their carbonates ; 
metallic oxides, sulphuret of potassium, tartrate of 
potassa, tartar emetic, and most metallic salts. 

ACIDUM HYDROCHLORICUM DILUTUM. Diluted 
Hydrochloric Acid. (Acidi Hydrochlorici fZiv, 
Aquee destillate fZxij.) £3] should saturate grs. 32 
of crystallized carbonate of soda. 

Dose. Wx to 1xx, properly diluted; in gargles, 
fZss to fZij in fZvi of fluid; injection, mviij, to 
water f Ziv. 

ACIDUM HYDROCYANICUM DILUTUM. Diluted 
Hydrocyanic Acid. Cyano Hydric Acid, Prussic 
Acid. (Potassii Ferrocyanidi Zij. Acidi Sulph. 
3jss, Aq. Dist. Oiss.) 

(Prussic Acid may be prepared for immediate use 
in the following manner. Take of Cyanuret of Silver 
gr. iss, Muriatic acid grs. 41. Distilled Water 3). 
Mix the muriatic acid with the distilled water, add 
the cyanuret of silver, and shake the whole in a 
well-stopped vial. When the insoluble matter has 
subsided, pour off the clear liquor and keep it for 
use. 

sete antispasmodic. 

Use. In spasmodic coughs, asthma, hooping- 
cough, nervous affections, hiccough, palpitation of 
the heart, and in allaying the irritability of the 
stomach in dyspepsia. Prussic acid may be em- 
ployed with great benefit in cases of chronic neu- 
ralgic affections of the stomach. It should be given 
in increased doses, till some physiological effects are 
produced; then continued in rather a diminished 
quantity. Asa local application, properly diluted, 


AOI 25 


it is useful in abating the itching in Impetigo and 
pruriginous affections. 

Dose. ij gradually increased to Nv in a glass- 
ful of water, almond emulsion, or infusion of cin- 
chona. When an overdose has been taken, the 
effects are best counteracted by ammonia, chlorine, 
brandy, and the cold affusion. 

Incomp. Metallic oxides, chiorine. 

ACIDUM NITRICUM. . Nitric Acid. 

Tonic, antiseptic, antisyphilitic, escharotic. 

Use. The strong acid is seldom used for any other 
than pharmaceutical purposes; in the form of va- 
por is extracted from niter Ziv, and sulphuric acid 
Ziv, in a saucer, placed on a pipkin of hot sand, for 
the purpose of fumigation. 

Incomp. Spirit of lavender and the strong tinc- 
tures, in any large quantity ; and the essential oils ; 
metallic oxides. 

ACIDUM NITRICUM DILUTUM. Diluted Nitric Acid. 

Use. As a drink, diluted largely, in fevers of the 
typhoid kind; in chronic affections of the liver, | 
attended with a redundant and hasty formation of 
bile, and in dyspepsia. As a remedy in venereal 
coiplaints ; yet in this climate it is not to be de- 
pended on, but it is a very useful adjunct to mer- 
cury, and allays the violent irritation induced by it. 
It is also very useful in the cure of old ulcerated 
legs. 

Dose. mx to MLxx in fZiij of water, twice or 
thrice a day. 

ACIDUM NITRO-MURIATICUM.  Nitro-muriatic 
Acid. (Acidi Nitrici, mensura, partem iij; Acidi 
Muriatici, mensura, partes v. Mix them in a vessel 
kept cool, and preserve the mixture in a well- 
stopped bottle, in a cool, obscure place.) 


Stimulant, antiseptic. 
3 


26 ACI 


Use. Largely diluted, it has been strongly recom- 
mended in malignant scarlatina, in chronic affec- 
tions of the liver, and in syphilis; and still more 
diluted as a bath, in chronic derangement of the 
hepatic secretion, which it improves, and acts gent- 
ly on the bowels. 

Dose. mvi to mx, in fZiij of water, twice or 
thrice a day. When used.as a bath, the mixed acid 
should be added to the water until it tastes as sour 
as weak vinegar. 

Incomp. Oxides, earths, alkalies, the sulphurets, 
and the acetates of potassa and of lead. 

ACIDUM NITROSUM. Nitrous acid. (Eaten’s Che- 
mistry directs a tablespoonful of Copper filings, 
and about two spoonfuls of nitric acid to be distill- 
ed in a retort with gentle heat. The gas, to be col- 
lected over water, is nitric oxide. This mixed with 
atmospheric air or oxygen, becomes nitrous acid, 
which has a strong affinity for water.) 

Use. It is introduced here as it forms an ingredi- 
ent of Hope’s Camphor mixture, and its preparation 
is seldom referred to in medical books. 

ACIDUM SULPHURICUM. Sulphuric Acid. 

‘Escharotic, stimulant, rubefacient, tonic, astrin- 
gent, refrigerant. 

Use. In local pains, in the form of an ointment 
made of lard fZj; sulphuric acid 3j; and in scabies 
with 3ss of the acid to the lard 3}. 

ACIDUM SULPHURICUM AROMATICUM. Aroma- 
tic Sulphuric Acid. Elixir of Vitriol. (Spiritus 
rect. Ojss. Acidi Sulphurici (commercial) Ziijss. 
Cinnamomi cort. cont. Zjss. Zingiberis rad. cont. 
3j. Add the acid gradually to the spirit, and digest 
the mixture with a very gentle heat in a closed ves- 
sel for three days: moisten the mixed powder with 
a little of the acid; let the mass rest for 12 hours, 


ACI 27 


then put it into a. percolator, and transmit the rest 
of the pure spirit.) 

Use. In dyspepsia; the debility following inter- 
mittents, and other fevers, combined with vegetable 
bitters ; and in chronic asthma. 

Dose. Wx to Mxxx in fluids, twice or thrice a day. 

ACIDUM SULPHURICUM DILUTUM. Diluted Sul- 
phuric Acid. (Acidi Sulphurici fZiss. Aque des- 
tillate fZxivss. Mix gradually.) 

Tonic, astringent, refrigerant. 

Use. In dyspepsia, diabetes, menorrhagia, he- 
moptysis, cutaneous eruptions, hectic; in gargles, 
in cynanche, and to check salivation. Sulphuric 
acid is an excellent tonic, and also possesses refri- 
gerant and astringent properties, rendering it a 
valuable remedy in cases where we:wish to avoid 
diarrhcea. In cases of low and hectic fever, attend- 
ed with copious perspiration, it is very beneficial, 
as well as in hematemesis. It is also useful con- 
joined with saline aperients, when the urine has a 
tendency to phosphatic depositions, attended with 
loss of appetite, impaired digestion, foul tongue, 
&c. Itis usually given with some bitter infusion, 
as cascarilla, columbo, cinchona, quassia, &c. 

Dose. m, x to. ™m, xx largely diluted; in gargles 


Use. Tannic acid may be advantageously employ- 
ed in all the passive hemorrhages, especially men- 
orrhagia; also in diarrhoea, where we wish simply 
an astringent effect. It possesses a great advantage 
over most other astringents, from the smallness of 
dose in which it may be given, and from its being 
less liable to irritate the stomach and bowels. 

Dose. From 2 to 4 grs. every three hours. 

ACIDUM TARTARICUM. Tartaric Acid. 

Refrigerant, antiseptic. 


28 ALC : 

Use. In inflammatory affections, fevers, and scor- 
butus. 

Dose. Gr. x to Zss dissolved in water. 

Incomp. Alkalies and their carbonates, all the 
salts of potassa. 

ACONITI FOLIA ET RADIX. <Aconite. (Aconitum 
- Napellus.) 

Narcotic, sudorific, deobstruent, antiphlogistic. 

Use. In chronic rheumatism, scrofula, scirrhus, 
palsy, amaurosis, and venereal nodes. Aconite is 
a very powerful topical remedy, in the form of tinc- 
ture, in cases of rheumatism and neuralgia. 

Dose. Gr. j, gradually increased to gr. v, twice or 
thrice a day; of the extract, from gr. ss to gr. j, of 
the tincture from 10 to 40. drops, gradually in- 
creased. 

ACONITUM. Aconitina. 

Use Externally counter-irritant ; too poisonous 
to be used internally. 

AETHER SULPHURICUS. Sulphuric Ether. 

Diffusibly stimulant, narcotic, antispasmodic ; 
externally refrigerant. 

Pure washed Sulphuric Ether preferable to chlo- 
roform for anesthetic purposes. It m&y be inhaled 
from a sponge. , 

Use. Hysteria, asthma, tetanus, epilepsy, and 
other spasmodic complaints; externally in head- 
ache, and dropped into the meatus in earache; it 
has also been used in burns. 

Dose. xx to f3j in fZxij water or other fluid. 

AGRIMONIA EUPATORIA. Common Agrimony. 
Astringent, in passive hemorrhages, &c. 
Dose. %j or more in powder or infusion. 
ALCOHOL DILUTUM. Dilute Alcohol. Spiritus 
tenuior. 
Alcohol and water, equal parts. 


ALE 29 


ALCOHOL. Alcohol. 

Stimulant (powerful and diffusible), sedative. 

Use. Scarcely ever used internally in: its pure 
state, but sometimes advantageously in a highly di- 
luted form ; in cases of debility and low fevers ; ex- 
ternally as a fomentation in muscular pains; to 
burns; and to restrain hemorrhages. The use of 
alcohol as a medicine has been much diminished 
within the last ten years. It is found unsuited to 
a great majority of cases of disease, and when em- 
ployed, too often inducing an artificial appetite not 
easily overcome. From its strong attraction for 
water, it causes thickening or scirrhus of the stom- 
ach, and an indurated state of the liver; and from 
its powerful effects upon the nervous system, it in- 
duces epilepsy, tremors, coma, mania, and death. 
For these reasons, and that we have useful substi- 
tutes, it should seldom be prescribed. , 

ALLIUM. Garlic Bulbs. (A. sativum.) 

Stimulant, diuretic, expectorant, emmenagogue, 
diaphoretic, and anthelmintic ; extremely rubefa- 
cient, maturient and repellant. 

Use. cold leucophlegmatic habits, dropsy, 
rheumate Boiss humoral asthma, and hysteria. Inter- 
mittents have been cured by it. The juice dropped 
into the ear, in atonic deafness, is a very effectual 
remedy; and it is also beneficial in herpetic erup- 
tions, formed with oil into an ointment. A poultice 
of it over the pubis has been found useful in atony 
of the bladder. 

Dose. One to six cloves, swallowed without chew- 
ing, twice or thrice a day. Of the juice fZss to 
fZij mixed with sugar or syrup. In pills with soap 
or calomel, gr. xx to Dij. 

ALETRIS.  Star- -grass. (A. farinosa.) 

An intense, bitter, tonic, stomachic. 

3% 


30 ALU 


Use. In rheumatism and dropsy. 

Dose. Of powder 10 grs., fluid extract 10 to 30 
drops. 

ALNUS RUBRA. Tag alder. 

Alterative, emetic, astringent. 

Use. In scrofula, secondary syphilis, &c. 

Dose. Of fluid extract f3j to Zij. 

ALOE. Peculiar bitter principle (Aloesin). 

Cathartic, warm and.stimulating, emmenagogue, 
anthelmintic, stomachic; hurtful in hemorrhoids. 
Aloes acts chiefly on the large intestines, and pro- 
duces catharsis by increasing the peristaltic mus- 
cular action, and not by increasing the secretions. 

Dose. To act as a cathartic, gr. ij to gr. x; as an 
emmenagogue, gr. j to gr. ij twice or thrice a day. 

ALTHAA FOLIA ET RADIX. Marshmallow 
Leaves and root. (A. officinalis.) 
e Emollient, lubricating, demulcent. 

Use. In pulmonary and intestinal affections ; ar- 
dor,,urinz ; calculus; externally in fomentations, 
clyster and gargles. 

ALUMEN. Alum. 

Astringent ; and in large doses laxatjye, emetic. 

Use. In hemorrhages, leucorrhocea, croup, hoop- 
ing-cough, &c.; externally in relaxation of the 
uvula, ophthalmia, gleet, and fluor albus. 

Dose. Grs. X to Aj in powder or in whey, made 
with 3ij of the powder, of Oj of hot milk, a teacup- 
ful occasionally ; in gargles Zss in fZiv of fluid; in 
collyria and injections gr. xij in fZvj of rose water. 
A saturated solution is a useful styptic. Alum Curd 
is a good cooling external application in ophthalmia 
and other diseases; made by beating up the white 
of an egg with a piece of alum till it forms a coagu- 
lum. 

Incomp. Potassa and potasse carbonas, sode 


AMM 31 


carbonas, ammonia, lime, magnesia, acetate of lead, 
infusion of galls. 

ALUMEN EXSICCATUM. Dried Alum. (Melt the 
alum in an earthen vessel over the fire, until the 
ebullitions cease.) 

Escharotic. 

Use. To destroy fungus in ulcers; internally in 
colic. 

Dose. Gr. iv to xij. ‘ 

AMMONIACUM. Gum Ammoniac. (Dorema ammo- 
niacum.) 

Expectorant, deobstruent, antispasmodic, discu- 
tient, resolvent. 

Use. In asthma and chronic catarrh ; visceral ob- 
structions, and obstinate colic from viscid matters 
lodged in the intestines; externally in scirrhous 
tumors and white swelling of the joints. 

Dose. Gr. x to 3ss in pills, with squill, myrrh, 
&c., or in emulsion. See Mist. Ammoniaci. 

AMMONIA CARBONAS. Sesquicarbonate of Am- 
monia. 

Stimulant, antacid, diaphoretic, antispasmodic. 

Use. In hysteria, dyspepsia, chronic rheumatism ; 
applied to the nostrils in syncope. 

Dose. Gr. v to )j in pills of any bland fluid. Gr. 
XXX are an emetic. 

Incomp. Acids, potassa fusa, liquor potassz, mag- 
nesia, carbonates, alum, chloride of calcium, bitar- 
tras and bisulphas potasse, salts of iron with the 
exception of the potassio-tartrate; bichloride of 
mercury, salts of lead, sulphate of zinc. 

AMMONIA HYDROCHLORAS. (Murias Ammonize, 
U.S.) Hydrochlorate of Ammonia. Sal Ammo- 
niac. 

Aperient, diuretic; externally, to produce cold 
during its solution; stimulant. 


32 ANG 


Use. Seldom used internally; externally while 
dissolving, to abate the heat and pain of inflamma- 
tion; to allay. headache; in lotion, composed of the 

Salt Zj., alcohol f3j., water fZix, to indolent tumors, 
gangrene, scabies, and chilblains. 

Dose. Gr. v to ss. 

Incomp. Sulphuric and nitric acids, acetate of 
lead, potassa, carbonates of soda and potassa, lime. 

AMMONLIAD PHOSPHAS. Phosphate of Ammonia. 

Use. In gout and rheumatism. 

Dose. Grs. x to xl, 3 or 4 times a day, in a table- 
spoonful of water. 

' AMYGDALA AMARA ET DULCIS. Bitter and 
Sweet Almonds. (A. communis.) 

Demulcent; the bitter is sedative. 

Use. In inflammatory complaints; and as a vebi- 
cle for more active remedies. 

AMYLUM. Starch. 

Demulcent, nutritious. 

Use. In dysentery, tenesmus, and ulceration of 
the rectum, in the form of a clyster; it is the com- 
mon vehicle for exhibiting opium per anum. The 
decoction of Starch is made by boiling, for a short 
time, Ziv Starch, in Oj Water, previously mixing 
them gradually while the water is cold. 

ANETHUM. Dill Seed. (A. graveolens.) 

Stimulant, carminative. - 

Use. In flatulent colic, and hiccough, particularly 
in infants. 

Dose. Gr. x to Jj. 

ANGELICA. Angelica. (A. atropurpurea.) 

Tonic, carminative, sudorific. 

Use. In dyspepsia, and nausea, but rarely used. 

Dose. Gr. x to 3). 

ANGUSTURA. Ousparia. (Galipea officinalis.) 

Tonic, stimulant, aromatic. 


ANT 33 


Use. In dyspepsia, removing flatulence and aci- 
dity ; chronic diarrhoea, dysentery. 

Incomp. Sulphate of iron and of copper, nitrate 
of silver, tartarized antimony, acetate and diacetate 
of lead, bichloride of mercury, pure potassa, and 
infusions of galls and yellow cinchona bark, &c. 

Dose. Gr. v to gr. xx in powder. 

ANISUM. <Aniseed. (Pimpinella anisum.) 

Carminative. 

Use. In dyspepsia and the tormina of infants. 

Dose. Gr. x to 3j bruised. 

ANTHEMIS. Chamomile flowers. (A. nobilis.) 

Tonic, stomachic; the warm infusion is emetic ; 
externally discutient, emollient, antiperiodic. 

Use. In intermittents, dyspepsia, hysteria, flatu- 
lent colic, gout; to promote the operation of emet- 
ics, externally as fomentations in gripings, and to 
ripen suppurating tumors. 

Dose. In powder 3ss to 31j twice or thrice a day. 

ANTIMONIT ET POTASSA’ TARTRAS.  Potassio- 
Tartrate of Antimony, or emetic Tartar. 

Emetic, sometimes cathartic, diaphoretic, expec- 
torant, alterative, rubefacient. A sedative to the 
circulation, while it increases most of its secretions. 

Use. In the beginning of fever, to clear the stom- 
ach and bowels; but it is an improper emetic in 
advanced stages of typhus; in large doses in pul- 
monary inflammations ; and in small as an alterative 
in cutaneous diseases, acute rheumatism, chorea ; 
externally in white swellings, hooping-cough, 
phthisis, and all deep-seated inflammations. 

Dose. As a means of subduing inflammation gr. 
ss to gr. ij; aS an emetic, gr. j to gr. iv, in solution; 
diaphoretic and expectorant, gr. 1-12th to 1-8th. 
It is made into an ointment for external use, by 
rubbing up 3ij with lard 3j. 


34. APO 


Incomp. Alkalies and earths with their carbo- 
nates; strong acids; hydro-sulphurets ; lime-water, 
chloride of calcium, salts of lead; decoctions of 
bitter and astringent plants. 

ANTIMONIL SULPHURETUM. 
Slightly diaphoretic, alterative. 
se. In chronic rheumatism, scrofula, cutaneous 
diseases. 

Dose. Grs. x to 38s, after evacuating the stomach 

and bowels. 
ANTIMONIUM SULPHURATUM. 

Precipitated Sulphuret of Antimony. 

Alterative, diaphoretic, emetic. 

Use. In secondary syphilis, cutaneous eruptions, 
&e. 

Dose. 1 to 2 grs. as alterative. 

ANTIRRHINUM LINARIA. Toad-Flax. 
Diuretic, cathartic, slightly acrid, 
Used in infusions, or as a poultice, &c., to piles. 
APOCYNUM ANDROSEMIFOLIUM. Dog’s Bane. 
Emetic, diaphoretic, alterative. 

Dose. Grs. xxx of the powdered root as an emet- 
ic; grs. v diaphoretic. Employed by the Indians 
in lues venerea. 

APOCYNUM CANNABINUM. Indian Hemp. 

Emetic, hydragogue, cathartic, diuretic, diapho- 
retic, expectorant, narcotic, and sedative. 

Use. A very powerful remedy in ascites and 
general dropsy; in neuralgia, &c. 

Dose. From grs. x to grs. xx of the powdered root 
produce free vomiting and purging. Of the decoc- 
tion, which is preferable, and made by boiling Zss 
of the dried root in Ojss of water to Oj, from f3j 
to fZij may be given three or four times a day, if 
necessary. Of the extract, grs. iij to grs. iv, two or 
three times a day, will usually act on the bowels. 


ARA 35 


AQUA ACIDA CARBONICI. Carbonic Acid Water. 
(By means of a forcing pump, throw into a suitable 
receiver, nearly filled with water, a quantity of car- 
bonic acid equal to five times the bulk of the water.) 

AQUA AMGYDALA AMARA. Bitter Almond wa- 
ter. (Oil of Bitter Almonds mxvi, Carb. Mag. 3j. 
Water Oij. Proceed as for cinnamon water.) Kf- 
fects the same as hydrocyanic acid. 

Use Asavehiclein cough or antispasmodic medi- 
cines. 

AQUA CAMPHORA. Camphor Water. (Take of 
Camphor 3ij, Alcohol gutt. xl, Carbonate Magnesia 
3j, Distilled Water Oij. Rub the camphor first with 
the alcohol, afterwards with the carb. mag., and 
lastly with the water gradually added—then filter 
through paper.) . 

AQUA OINNAMOMI. Cinnamon Water. (Take of 
oil of cinnamon fZss, carbonate magnesia Jss, dis- 
tilled water Oij; rub the oil of cinnamon first with 
the carb. mag., then with the water gradually add- 
ed, and filter through paper. In same way prepare 
the other medicated waters of nredicinal plants.) 

AQUA PICIS LIQUID. Tar Water. (Picis Oij, 
Aquze Cong. j.) 

Stimulant, diuretic. 

Use. In scorbutus and cutaneous diseases. 

Dose. Oj to Oij in the course of day. 

AQUILEGIA VULGARIS. Columbine. 

Diuretic, diaphoretic, antiscorbutic, seldom used. 

ARALIA NUDICAULIS. | False Sarsaparilla. 

Stimulant, diaphoretic, alterative. * 

Use. Employed in rheumatism, syphilis, cutane- 
ous affections, in the same manner and dose as the 
genuine sarsaparilla. 

ARALIA SPINOSA. Angelica Tree, Toothache Tree, 
Prickly Ash. 


36 ARG 


Stimulant, diaphoretic, emetic, cathartic. 

Use. Employed in chronic rheumatism and cuta- 
neous eruptions. Also, in Virginia, in colic, in 
toothache, usually given in decoction. 

ARTICUM LAPPA. Burdock. 

Aperient, sudorific, diuretic. 

Use. In rheumatism, gout, aphthe; also in ven- 
ereal, scorbutic, scrofulous, and nephritic affections ; 
in decoction made with Zij of the root in Ojss of 
water. The leaves externally in cutaneous erup- 
tions and ulcerations. 

Dose. A teacupful several times a day; of little 
value unless persevered in for a long time. 
ARGENTI CYANIDUM. Cyanuret of Silver. Cyan- 
ide of Silver. Nitrate of Silver 3xv, Hydrocyanic 
Acid, Dist. Water, 4a Oj. (Having dissolved the 
nitrate of silver in the water, add the hydrocyanic 
acid, and mix them. Wash the precipitate with 

distilled water, and dry it. 

Use. To prepare hydrocyanic acid. 

ARGENTI IODIDUM. Iodide of Silver. (Precipi- 
tated from the nitrate by iodide of potassium.) 

A substitute for nitrate of silver in gastric affec- 
tions, in doses of } gr. three times a day, increased 
gradually. This iodide forms a crystalline salt 
with iodide of potassium, which may perhaps com- 
bine the tonic and alterative effects of its constitu- 
ents, in a similar way to the iodo-hydrargyrate of 
potassium. It is, however, decomposed by water. 

ARGENTI NITRAS. Nitrate of silver. 

Tonic, antispasmodic, escharotic. 

Use. In chorea, epilepsy, dyspepsia, and irrita- 
ble conditions of the mucous membrane of the 
stomach and bowels; locally to relieve strictures ; 
to fungous ulcers, warts, and venereal chancres ; 

gr. ij in distilled water f3j is a good injection in 


ARN 37 


fistulous sores; and as an application to spongy 
gums, enlurged tonsils, and ulcerated sore throats. 
A solution of 3ss in f3j of distilled water, is highly 
useful when penciled over the surface in erysipelas. 

Dose. Gr 4 increased to gr. iv in a pill, with 
crumb of bread, three times a day; or in solution, 
increased to gr. iij. The dark color communicated 
to the skin is an objection to its internal employ- 
ment. 

Incomp. Sulphuric, hydrochloric, and arsenious 
acids and their salts; alkalies except ammonia; 
lime; chlorides; sulphurets; astringent vegetable 
infusions and decoctions ; aqueous solutions of salts 
of mercury, or of copper. 

ARGENTI OXIDUM. Oxide of Silver. 

Proposed as a substitute for the nitrate. 

Dose. $a gr. in pill. 

ARMORACIA. Horse-Radish Root.  (Cochlearia 
armoracia. ) 

Stimulant, diuretic, diaphoretic. 

Use. In scorbutus, rheumatism, dropsy, and dys- 
peptic affections; and locally in hoarseness. 

Dose. Hi to 3j. Vide Infusion: of the following 
syrup a teaspoonful often slowly swallowed, in 
hoarseness. (RK. Of the scraped root 3), boiling 
water Zij, sugar q. s. to the strained liquor.) 

ARNICA. Leopard’s Bane. (A. montana.) 

Narcotic, stimulant, diaphoretic, emmenagogue, 
diuretic. 

Use. In amaurosis, paralysis, rheumatism, gout, 
dropsy, nephritis and chlorosis. The root has 
been used in intermittents, but is most useful in 
diseases attended with a typhoid state of the sys- 
tem. 

Dose. Gr. v to gr. x. in powder, or fZss of the 
following infusion: (kk. Of the flowers 4jss, water 

4 


38 ASP 


fZviij,) twice or thrice a day. In large doses it pro- 
duces poisoning. ~ 

ARUM. Dragon Root, Indian Turnip. (B. triphy/- 
lum. 

“eam irritant. Internally stimulant to all the 
secretions, especially those of the skin and lungs. 

Use. In asthma, pertussis, chronic catarrh, chronic 
rheumatism, and cachectic complaints generally. 

Dose. Of the powder of the recently dried root, 
gr. v to gr. x, mixed with Gum Arabic, sugar, and 
water, in the form of emulsion, repeated two or 
three times a day, and gradually increased to 3ss 
or 3j. Also in aphthous sore mouth of children, 
mixed with sugar and laid on the tongue. 

ASARUM CANADENSE. Wild Ginger. 

A stimulant, tonic, diaphoretic. 

‘Use. Used chiefly as an elegant adjunct to tonic 
infusions and decoctions. Resembles serpentaria in 
its effects. 

Dose. Of the powder, from gr. xx to gr. xxx. Also, 
used in form of a tincture. 

ASCLEPIAS. The Common Silk-weed. Butterfly-weed. 
Pleurisy Root. (A. tuberosa.) 
Diaphoretic, expectorant, cathartic, diuretic, 
. slightly tonic. 

Use. Employed extensively in some of the South- 
ern States in catarrh, pneumonia, pleurisy, consump- 
tion, acute rheumatism, autumnal remittents, and 
dysentery. 

Dose. Of the powder, gr. xx to 3j, several times a 
day. As a diaphoretic, a teacupful of the decoction 
every tbree or four hours, made by infusing 3j of 
the root in Oij of water. 

ASPARAGUS OFFICINALIS. Asparagus. 

Diuretic, aperient, deobstruent. 

Dose. 388 to 3j of extract, or Zj to fZij of syrup, 
prepared from the shoots. 


BEB 39 


ASSAFCTIDA. Assafoetida. (Narthex assafotida.) 

Antispasmodic, expectorant; emmenagogue; an- ° 
thelmintic when injected into the rectum. 

Use. Hysteria, tympanitis, asthma, dyspnoea, coe 
tussis, worms. 

Dose. In pill, gr. x to 38s; in solution, vide MMis- 
tura ; in clyster, 3ij dissolved i in water f Evil. 

AURANTIL CORTEX. Orange Peel. 
Use. A mild tonic, carminative, and stomachic. 
AZEDARACH. Bark of root of Melia Azedarach. 

Use. Cathartic, emetic, anthelmintic—in large 
doses narcotic. 

Dose. Oij water to Ziv bark, boiled to Oj—to a 
child a tablespoonful. 

BALSAMUM PERUVIANUM. Peruvian Balsam. 
(Myrospermum peruiferum.) 

Stimulant, tonic, expectorant. 

Use. In palsy; chronic asthma, bronchitis, and 
rheumatism ; gleet; leucorrhca; and externally for 
cleansing and stimulating foul, indolent ulcers. 

Dose. Wx to 38s twice or thrice a day, made into 
an emulsion with mucilage of gum. 

BALSAMUM TOLUTANUM. Tolu Balsam. (Myro- 
spermum toluiferum.) 

Stimulant, expectorant. 

Use. In chronic coughs; but principally used on 
account of its flavor. 

Dose. Gr. x to Zss triturated with mucilage. 

BAPTISIA TINCTORIA. Wild Indigo. 

Antiseptic, laxative, emetic. 

Use. In scarlatina, gangrene, &c. 

Dose. £3%j of decoction (3j root to Oj water). 

BEBEERU. Bark of Nectandra Rodiei. 

The sulphate of bebeerin has been used in inter- 
mittent and remittent fevers. 

Dose. 2 grs., until from Dj to 3i is given, between 
the paroxysms. 


40 BIS 


BELLADONNA. Deadly Nightshade. (Afropa bella- 
donna.) 

Powerful narcotic, diaphoretic, diuretic, repellent. 

Use. In obstinate intermittents, tic-douloureux, 
palsy, epilepsy, chorea, mania, gout, rheumatism, 
dropsy, jaundice, pertussis, and the cachexie ; am- 
aurosis; sprinkling the powdered leaves over can- 
cerous sores has been found to allay the pain: and 
the leaves form a good poultice. Applied to the eye, 
in the form of infusion or solution of the extract, to 
dilate the pupil previous to operations. The root 
is used for the same purpose as the leaves. 

Dose. Gr. ss gradually increased to gr. i daily ; 
or f 3ij of this infusion. R. Of the leaves )j, hot 
water f3x, strained cold. 

BENZOIN ODORIFERUM.  Spice-bush.  Fever- 
bush. 

Stimulant, aromatic, vermifuge. 

Used in decoction or infusion. 

BENZOINUM. Benzoin. (Styrax Benzoin.) 

Use. Principally for obtaining the acid it contains. 

Dose. Gr. X to Jss. 

Incomp. Alkalies, acids ;—and so with all the bal- 
sams. 

BERBERIS VULGARIS. Barberry. 

Refrigerent, astringent, antiscorbutic. 

‘The berries are used as a drink, and the juice as 
syrup. 

BETULA LENTA. Sweet Birch. Black Birch. 

Gently stimulant and diaphoretic. 

BISMUTHI TRISNITRAS. (Bismuthi Subnitras, 
U.8.) Trisnitrate of Bismuth. 

Tonic, antispasmodic. 

Use. In dyspepsia attended with cardialgia. 

Dose. From gr.j to gr. xv. 

BISMUTHI VALERIANAS. Valerianate of Bis- 
muth. 


CAM 41. 


Use. In neuralgia and gastralgia. 
Dose. Gr. ss to gr. ij in pill. 
BROMINUM. Bromine. 
Like iodine, it stimulates the lymphatics, and pro- 
motes absorption. 
Use. In bronchocele, scrofula, &c. 
Dose. In aqueous solutions (1 part to 40 of water), 
6 drops several times a day. 
BUCHU. Diosma. Leaves of Barosma crenata. 
Stimulant, diuretic. 
Use. In irritation of the bladder. 
Dose. 20 to 30 grs. powder f3j to f Zij of infusion 
(3j to Oj boiling water) 3j of the fluid extract. 
CALAMINA. Calamine. Impure Carbonate of Zinc. 
CALAMINA PRAPARATA. Prepared Calamine. 
Use. A mild astringent in excoriations. 
CALAMUS AROMATICUS. Sweet Flag-root. 
Stomachic, carminative. 
Use. In atonic dyspepsia with vertigo. 
Dose. Aj to 3j in powder. 
CALCILT CHLORIDUM. Chloride of Calcium. 
Use. See Liquor Calcii Chloridi. 
CALCIS CARBONAS PRASCIPITATA. Precipitated 
Carbonate of Lime. 
Use the same as Creta Preparata. 
CALENDULA OFFICINALIS. Marygold. 
Antispasmodic, sudorific, emmenagogue. 
Used in infusion. 

CALX CHLORINATA. Chlorinated Lime. Chlo- 
ride of Lime. (Calcis Hydratus, lbj. Chlorini quan- 
tum satis sit. Pass the chlorine through the lime 
spread in a proper vessel, until it is saturated.) 

Use. Asa disinfectant, and for bleaching purposes. 

CAMPHORA. Camphor. (C. officinarum.) 

Narcotic, diaphoretic, sedative; externally ano- 
dyne. 
4x, 


42 


CAN 


Use. In typhus, cynanche maligna, confluent, 
small-pox, and other exanthemata of the typhoid 
type; in atonic gout, and as an adjunct to bark and 
opium in checking gangrene. It produces its nar- 
cotic and sedative effects with very little increase of 
pulse, and therefore may be used in mania, pneu- 
monia, and other inflammatory complaints, united 
with niter and antimonials. In doses of from 1 to 
3 grains it acts as a diaphoretic. It is a useful ad- 
junct to bark in typhoid diseases, to valerian, the 
fetid gums, volatile alkali and others, in hysteric 
and nervous complaints, and to antimonials in rheu- 
matism and other inflammations. Externally, it 
allays the pains of rheumatism, and other deep- 
seated inflammations, when dissolved in oil. 

Dose. Gr. ij to gr. x in powder, with sugar, &c.; 
in pills; or in mixture with mucilage, or almond 
confection; the effects of an overdose are counter- 
acted by opium. For external application it is dis- 
solved in oil or in alcohol. 


CANELLA. Canella Bark. (C. alba.) 


Stimulant, tonic, 

Use. As an\aromatic addition to bitter a and 
cathartics. 

Dose. Gr. x to 388 in powder ; in infusion fZigss. 


CANTHARIS. The Blistering Fly. 


Stimulant, diuretic, rubefacient, vesicant; both 
their internal use and their external application are 
apt to produce strangury; active properties depend 
on the cantharidin. 

Use. Internally in dropsies, obstinate gleet, and 
leucorrhcea; retention of the urine owing to want 
of action in the bladder, and an incontinence of 
urine from debility of the bladder; lepra; but their 
internal use requires caution. For their external 
use, see Empl., Tinctura, and Acetum Cantharidis. 


CAR 43 


Dose. Gr. ss to gr. j, in a pill, with opium or the 

extract of henbane and camphor twice a day. 
CANTHARIS VITTATA. Potato Fly. # 

Same as the former. There are several other spe- 

cies, all of which have the same properties. 
CAPSICUM. The Capsicum berries. (C. annuum.) 

Stimulant, rubefacient. 

Use. In atonic gout, the flatulence of dyspepsia, 
lethargy. Its solution (Capsici pulv. 3j, Sodii Chlor. 
Hj, Acet. Ziv, Aque ferventis fZ vj, Cola) forms the 
best gargle in cynanche maligna and scarlatina. 
Cataplasms of it are used in coma and the delirium 
of typhus. 

Dose. Gr. iij to gr. x in pill. 

Incomp. Nitrate of silver, bichloride of mercury, 
acetate of lead, sulphates of iron, zinc, and copper, 
and the carbonates of alkalies. 

CARBO ANIMALIS. Animal Charcoal. (Prepared 
from flesh and bones.) ; 

Use. For decolorizing vegetable salts; clarifying 
salts, and extracting the volatile oil from whisky 
and other liquors. 

CARBO LIGNI. Charcoal of Wood. 

Antiseptic, absorbent. 

Use. In putrid eructations of dyspepsia, obstinate 
constipation ; to relieve the nausea of pregnancy, 
and as a cataplasm with linseed meal to fetid ulcers ; 
the best tooth-powder. 

Dose. Gr. x to Aj united with rhubarb. 

CARDAMOMUM. Cardamom Seed. (EHletaria carda- 
momum. ) 

Carminative, stomachic. 

Use. In the flatulent colic of children, united with 
rhubarb and magnesia; but principally to give 
warmth to other remedies. 

Dose. Gr. v to 3j in powder. 


44 . CAS 


CARTHAMUS. Dyer’s Saffron. (C- tinctorius.) 

Laxative, and somewhat diaphoretic. 

Use. As a substitute for saffron-in measles, scar>» 
latina, and other exanthematous diseases, to pro- 
mote the eruption. 

Dose. Of an infusion of 5ij to a pint of boiling 
water, given without restriction as to quantity. 

CARUM. Caraway Seeds. (C. carui.) 

Carminative. 

Use. In flatulent colic, and to give warmth to pur- 
gatives. 

Dose. Gr. x to 3j, swallowed whole, or in powder. 

CARYOPHYLLUS. The Clove. fe aromaticus.) 

Stimulant, aromatic. 

Use. As a corrigent to other remedies, and a con- 
diment. 

Dose. Gr. v to x, in powder. 

CASCARILLA. Cascarilla Bark. (Croton Eleuteria.) 

Tonic, stomachic. 

Use. As an adjunct to cinchona in ague; in ob- 
stinate diarrhoea, and after dysentery; a good vehi- 
cle for powdered Peruvian bark, and small doses 
sulphate magnesia, and sulphuric acid in debility 
of stomach attended with constipation ; in dyspep- 
sia, and flatulent colic. 

Dose. Gr. x to 3j in powder. The infusion is the 
best form. 

CASSIA. Cassia Pulp. (C. fistula.) 

Laxative. 

Use. Where a gentle medicine is required in cos- . 
tive habits, combined with aromatics. 

Dose. Ziv to 3j. 

CASTANEA. Chinquapin. (C pumilla.) 

Tonic and astringent. 

Use. In intermittents. 

CASTOREUM. Castor. 


CER 45 


Antispasmodic, emmenagogue. 

Use. In typhus, hysteria, epilepsy, amenorrhea. 

Dose Gr. x to }j in a bolus; 3j, or more, in 
clysters ; of little value as a remedy. 

CATALPA CORDIFOLIA. Catawba tree. 

Reputed poisonous, but has been used in asthma, 
3iij or Ziv of seeds in Zxii water, boiled to Zvi, 
given morning and night. 

CATARIA. Catnip. Leaves of Nepeta Cataria. 

Tonic and excitant. 

Use. In domestic practice in amenorrhea, colic, 
&ec. 

Dose. %ij in infusion. 

CATECHU. Catechu. (Acacia catechu.) 

Astringent, tonic. 

Use. In diarrhoea, from a relaxed state of the 
bowels, and in intestine and uterine hemorrhages ; 
locally in aphthee, ulceration of the gums, and in 
coughs and hoarseness from the relaxation of the 
uvula, and epistaxis. | 

Dose. Gr. x to 3j in powder; in the latter case, a 
piece is allowed to dissolve slowly in the mouth; 
but is best given with sugar, gum Arabic and water. 

~~ CEANOTHUS AMERICANUS. New Jersey tea. 

Astringent. Used in syphilis in decoction (Zij to 
Oj). A strong infusion used in aphthz and dysen- 
tery. 

CELASTRUS SCANDENS. Climbing Staff-tree. 

Emetic, diaphoretic, narcotic. 

CENTAUREA BENEDIOTA. Blessed Thistle. May 
be used as tonic in cold infusion (38s of leaves to 
Oj). A stronger infusion taken warm in bed pro- 
motes diaphoresis. A still stronger infusion is 
emetic. 

CERA FLAVA ET CERA ALBA. Yellow Wax and 
White. 


46 CER 


Demulcent, emollient. 
Use. In diarrhoea and dysentery; but principally 
used in the formation of cerates and ointments. 

- Dose. Jj to Zss twice or thrice a day, in form of 
emulsion; melt the wax with a little oil, then tri- 
turate it with yolk of egg, and groat gruel f3ij. 

CERATUM CALAMINA. Calamine Cerate. Tur- 
ner’s Cerate. (Prepared Calamine, Yellow eee Aa 
Ziij, Lard, 1bj.) 

A mild ‘astringent, 

CERATUM CANTHARIDIS. Blistering plaster. (Can- 
tharides in penne lbj. Yellow Wax, Resin, 44 

Zvii, Lard, 

CERATUM CHT ACEI. Spermaceti Cerate. (Cetacei 
Zij, Ceree Alb. 3ij, Olive Ol. fZiv. The wax and 
oil being melted together, add the spermaceti, and 
stirantil the whole is cold.) 

Emollient, cooling. 

CERATUM PLUMBI ACETATIS. Cerate of Acetate 
of Lead. (Plumbi Acetas cont. Zij, Ceres Alb. Zij, 
Olive Ol. fZviij. Melt the wax in seven fluid- 
ounces of the oil, then add the acetate rubbed down 
with the remainder; and stir with a wooden spatula 
until the whole be united.) 

Cooling, astringent, resolvent. 
Use. In inflamed sores, excoriations, and burns. 

CERATUM PLUMBI SUBACETATIS. Cerate of 
Subacetate of Lead. (Goulard’s Cerate.) Com- 
pound Lead Cerate. (Liq. Plumbi diaceiatis f3Z iij, 
Cere Ziv, Olive Ol. Oss, Camphore Zss. Melt the 
wax in fZvij of the oil, then remove the mixture 
from the fire, and when it begins to thicken add 
gradually the solution of diacetate of lead, and as- 
siduously stir the whole with a wooden spatula until 
it is cold; lastly, add the camphor dissolved in what 
remained of the oil, and mix.) 


CER 47 


Use. The same as the former. 

CERATUM RESIN. Resin Cerate. (Resine Cere 
aa lbj, Olive Ol. fZxvj. Melt the resin and wax 
over a slow fire, then add the oil, and strain while 
hot.) Yellow Basilicon. 

Digestive, cleansing. 

Use. To foul, indolent ulcers. 

CERATUM RESINA’ COMPOSITUM. Compound 
Resin Cerate. (Take of resin, suet, yellow wax, 
aa lbj, turpentine lbss, flaxseed oil Oss. Melt to- 
gether, strain through linen, and stir till cool.) 

CERATUM SABINA. Savine Cerate. (Zij powdered 
savine mixed with lbj melted resin cerate.) 

Irritative, drawing. 

Use. To keep a discharge from a blistered surface. 
It is much preferable to the Ceratum Cantharidis, 
occasioning less pain, and preserving a sufficient 
discharge. 

CERATUM SAPONIS. Soap Cerate. (Oij solution 
of subacetate of lead, Zvj soap, 3x white wax, Oj 
olive oil; boil the solution of subacetate of lead with 
the soap, over a slow fire, to the consistence of ho- 
ney, then evaporate over a water-bath till the water 
is all dissipated, and lastly mix in the oil and wax.) 

Desiccative, resolvent. 

Use. Applied, spread on linen, round fractured 
limbs, after all inflammation is abated and the bones 
are united; and to strumous swellings. 

CERATUM ADIPIS. Simple cerate. (Take of lard 
Zviij, white wax Ziv. Melt them together, and stir 
them constantly till cool.) 

CERATUM ZINCI CARBONATIS. Cerate of Carbo- 
nate of Zinc. (Turner’s Cerate.) (Take of prepared 
Carbonate of Zinc, Yellow Wax, each half a pound. 
Lard two pounds. Melt the wax and lard together, 
and when upon cooling they begin to thicken, add 

the carbonate of zinc, and stir till cool.) 


/ 


48 CHI 


CEREVISILA FERMENTUM. Yeast. 

Tonic, laxative. 

Use. In typhoid fever, externally to fetid ulcers. 

Dose. f3ss to £3). 

CETACEUM. Sperinaceti. 

Demulcent, emollient. 

Use. In coughs and dysentery; and in the com- 
position of ointments. 

Dose. 38s to Zjss, rubbed up with sugar, or with 
an egg, in emulsion. 

CETRARIA. Iceland Moss. (C. islandica.) 
Tonic, demulcent, nutrient. See Decoct. Cetrar. 
CHELIDONIUM MAJUS. Celandine. 

Acrid, purgative, diuretic, diaphoretic. Weed in 
jaundice. 

Dose. Gr. xxx, dried herb or root. 

CHELONE GLABRA. Balmony. 

Tonic, cathartic, anthelmintic. 

Dose. 3j fluid extract. 

CHENOPODIUM. Worm Seed. (C. anthelminticum.) 

Anthelmintic. 

Use. To destroy lumbrici in children, for which 
it is given morning and evening for three or four 
days; then followed by calomel, or some brisk ca- 
thartic. 

Dose. Of the powdered seeds, from jj to Hij to a 
child two or three years old, in syrup; of the oil, 
which is more frequently given, from five to ten 
drops, mixed with sugar or in emulsion; of the de- 
coction, made by boiling 3j of the fresh plant in Oj 
of milk with the addition of orange peel, or some 
other aromatic, a wineglassful, or a tablespoonful 
of the expressed juice of the leaves. 

CHIMAPHILA. Pipsissewa. Leaves of Chimaphila 
Umbellata. 
Diuretic, tonic, astringent. 


CIN 49 


Use. In urinary affecticns, scrofula, and rheuma- 
tism. 

Dose. Oj of decoction in 24 hours. 

CHLOROFORM. Anesthetic. From the accidents 
which have occurred from its use pure Sulphuric 
Ether, or one part chloroform, two parts ether, is 
preferable for the purpose of procuring insensibility 
to the pain of surgical operations. 

Dose. For internal use nx to f3). 

CHONDRUS. Irish Moss, Carrageen. A good sub- 
stitute for the Iceland Moss, which it closely re- 
sembles. (Macerate Zss of the moss ten minutes in 
cold water, turn it off, add Ojss boiling water; boil 
to a pint, strain, and add sugar and lemon juice to 
improve the flavor. Milk may be substituted for 
water, if a more nutritious preparation be required.) 

CICHORIUM INTYBUS. Chicory. 

Tonic, aperient, deobstruent. Used in jaundice 
and phthisis, in decoction (2j or Zij to Oj). 

CIMICIFUGA. Black Snake Root. Cohosh. (C. 
racemosa.) , 

Tonic, diuretic, diaphoretic, expectorant, emmena- 
gogue. 

Use. Employed extensively in the United States, 
as a domestic remedy, in rheumatism, dropsy, 
chorea, hysteria, and especially in pulmonary affec- 
tions, for which it has been regarded by some as a 
specific. 

Dose. Of the powder, gr. x to 3j; of the decoction, 
made by boiling 3ui of the bruised root in Oj of 
water, from f3j to fZij may be given several times 
a day. 

CINCHONA. Peruvian Bark. (C. flava-pallida-rubra.) 

Strongly and permanently tonic and antiperiodic, 
slightly astringent, stomachic, and febrifuge. 

Use. Inintermittents, after evacuating the stomach 

5 


50 COL 


and bowels; in continued fevers ; keeping the bowels 
clear; confluent smali-pox ; erysipelas; acute rheu- 
ma‘ism; cynanche maligna; scarlatina; passive 
hemorrhages ; and in every disease attended with 
deficient action. Externally in clysters, gargles, and 
lotions, in gangrenous ulcerations, &. To check 
the nausea excited by it, wine, aromatics, and car- 
bonic acid are added; to prevent purging, opium; 
costiveness, rhubarb. 

Dose. Given in infusion, decoction, and extract. 
The latter is a good form, if well prepared ; of this 

' gr. iij to gr. x in pill, or dissolved in infusion of 
roses, or syrup of orange peel, three times a day. 
Of the powder, Dj to Ziij in infusion of liquorice, 
or water. 

CINNAMOMUM. Ciaskenon Bark. Cassia. 

Stimulant, astringent, carminative, tonic. 

Use. As a grateful aromatic in dyspepsia and 
diarrhoea; to cover the taste of nauseous remedies, 
and with cathartics to prevent griping. The infusion 
checks vomiting. Chewed in palsy of the tongue. 

Dose.. Gr. v to Dj in powder. 

COBWEB. Spider’s web. 

Antiperiodic and antispasmodic. 

Dose. Gr. v or vi. Used as a styptic. 

COCCUS. The Cochineal insect. The dried female. 

Use. Chiefly for giving a red color to tinctures, &c. 

COCHLEARIA OFFICINALIS. Scurvy-grass. 

Stimulant, aperient, diuretic. 

COFFEE. (C. Arabica.) 

Medically is excitant to the nerves, and resists the 
intoxicating effects of alcohol and opium. 

COLCHICI RADIX ET SEMEN. The Bulb and Seeds 
of the Meadow Saffron. (Colchicum autumnale.) 

Narcotic, diuretic, cathartic. 

Use. In dropsies, gout, rheumatism, neuralgia, 


CON 5] 


bronchitis, and scarlet fever. Colchicum is rather 
palliative than curative in gout and rheumatism. It 
is a useful addition to saline medicines in fevers 
and all inflammations. It should be given in small 
doses combined with magnesia, and, if necessary, 
often repeated. 

Dose. Gr.j to gr. v of the recent bulb in pill. 

COLLINSONIA CANADENSIS. Horse-weed. Heal- 
all. A decoction of fresh root used in catarrh of the 
bladder, leucorrheea, dropsy, &c.; and a poultice of 
leaves to bruises and the like. 

COLOCYNTHIS. Bitter Cucumber Pulp. (Cucumis 
colocynthis.) 

Strongly cathartic, drastic, hydragogue. 

Use. Too violent to be used alone. When com- 
bined with calomel, extract of jalap, and gamboge, 
colocynth forms a highly efficient and safe cathartic, 
especially adapted to congestion of the liver and 

portal circle, and torpidity of this organ. In dropsy, 
and affections of the head, also, highly useful. 

Dose... Gr.,j to gr..v. 

COLOMBO. Calumba Root. (Cocculus palmatus.) 

Tonic, antiseptic. 

Use. In bilious vomitings, and those attendant on 
pregnancy, dyspepsia, and cholera. 

Dose. Gyr. x to )j twice or thrice a day. 

Incomp. Acetate and diacetate of lead; infusion 
of galls. 

COLLODIUM. Oollodion (a solution of gun cotton 
in ether) an artificial epidermis. 

COMPTONIA ASPLENIFOLIA. Sweet Fern. 

Tonic, astringent. A decoction used in diarrhea. 

CONFECTIO AROMATICA. Aromatic Confection. 
(Cinnamomi, Mpyristice, sing. Zij, Caryoph. 3, 
Cardam. 3ss, Croci Zij, Cretee Prep. Zxvi, Sacch. 
Pur. lbij. Rub the dry substance to a fine powder 


52 CON 


and keep it in astoppered vessel. When it is to be 
used, add water gradually till the whole be incor- 
porated.) 

Stimulant, cordial. 

Use. In the low stage of typhoid fevers, atonic 
gout; hysteria; nervous languors. 

Dose. Gr. x to 3j in bolus or mixtures. 

Incomp, Acids of any kind; metallic salts. 

CONFECTIO AURANTII. Confection of Orange. (Aur. 
Cort. exter. recent. radula separ. lbj, Sacch. pur. 
lbiij. Beat the rindin a stone mortar with a wooden 
pestle, gradually adding the sugar.) 

Stomachic. 

Use. In dyspepsia of children; and as a vehicle 
for other remedies. 

Dose. 3j to 3j. 

CONFECTIO CASSIA. Cassia Confection. (Cassiz 
-pulpe lbss, Manne Zij, Tamarindi pulpe 3j, Syr. 
Rose £Zviij. Bruise the manna; then dissolve it 
by heat, and having mixed in the pulp, evaporate to 
a proper consistence.) 

Gently laxative. 

Use. For habitual costiveness ; and as a purge for 
children. 

Dose. 3j to 3j. 

CONFECTIO OPII. Opium Confection. (Opii duri 
Zvi, Piper Long. 3j. Zingib. rad. Zij, Carui Sem. 
Ziij, Tragacanthe contrite 3ij, Syrupi Z3xvj. Rnb 
the opium with the syrup made hot; then add the 
other articles in the state of powder, and mix.) Gr. 
j of Opium in gr. xxxvj. 

Narcotic and stimulant. 
Use. Atonic gout, flatulent colic, colliquative 
diarrhoea, in the chalk mixture. 
Dose. Gr. x to 38s in a bolus or mixture. 
CONFECTIO ROSAi GALLICA. Confection of the 


CON 53 


Red Rose. (Rose Gal. Petal. nondum explic. ab- 
ject ung. lbj, Sacch. pur. lbiij. Beat the petals in 
a stone mortar, then add the sugar, and beat into a 
uniform mass. ) 

Astringent, tonic. 

Use. In diarrhoea. Rubbed up with new milk 
it is useful in early convalescence from acute dis- 
eases. A good vehicle. 

Dose. 3j to 3). 

CONFECTIO SENN AU. Confection of Senna. (Senne 
Fol. Zviij, Ficorum lbj, Tamarindi, Cassiz Pruno- 
rum Gall, Pulpee, sing. lbss, Coriand. Ziv, Glycyr- 
rhize Ziij. Sacch. pur. lbijss, Aque Oiij. Rub 
the Senna leaves and Coriander seeds to powder 
and sift; boil the residue with the figs, liquorice 
root, and the water to one-half, then press and 
strain. Evaporate the strained liquor to f3Zxxiv, 
then add the sugar. Finally rub the syrup with the 
pulp, and, adding the sifted powder, mix the whole.) 

Laxative. 

Use. In habitual costiveness, and that attending 
pregnancy. 

Dose. 3] to Ziv. 

CONIT FOLIA, SEMEN. Hemlock Leaves and Seeds. 
(C. Maculatum.) 

Narcotic, poisonous in an overdose; resolvent. 

Use. As a palliative in cancer and scirrhous, 
scrofulous, and syphilitic ulcerations and swellings ; 
pertussis; chronic enlargements of the liver and 
other abdominal organs; cutaneous affections ; 
asthma; chronic pulmonary diseases, and neuralgic 
affections. Externally Ziij of the dried herb boiled 
in Oj of water as a fomentation to open scrofulous 
and cancerous ulcers; or as a cataplasm, by adding 
linseed meai and oatmeal. 

Dose. Gr. ij to gr.iv of the powder, or from gtt. ij 

5* 


54 COP 


of the expressed juice, very gradually increased to 
3j. Of the extract, gr.j to gr. iv to be reduced 
if it causes vertigo. The extract is the best form 
of administering it; it may be usefully combined 
with ipecacuanha in pulmonary affections, where 
we wish to quiet cough and relieve bronchial irri- 
tation. 

CONTRAYERVA. Contrajerva Root. (Dorstenia con- 
traverva.) 

Tonic, stimulant, sudorific. 

Use. In typhus, nervous fever; the fever of denti- 
tion in weak infants; and dysentery. 

Dose. Gr. x to 3ss. 

CONVALLARIA MULTIFLORA. Solomon’s Seal. 

Tonic, mucilaginous, mildly astringent. Used in 
leucorrheea, &c. 

Dose. Fluid extract 3ij to 3v. 

CONVOLVULUS PANDURATUS. Wild Potato. 

Feebly cathartic, diuretic. 

Dose. 40 grs. of dried root. 

COPAIBA. Copaiba balsam. (C. officinalis.) 

Stimulant, diuretic, purgative in large doses ; acts 
on the urethra. 

Use. In gonorrhea, gleet, leucorrhea, dysentery, 
and all affections of mucous membranes; hemor- 
rhoidal affections. 

Dose. ™xx to fZj in emulsion with gum or yolk 
of egg; in pills by mixing the copaiba with magne- 
sia and exposing the mixture to the air. 

Incomp. Sulphuric acid, nitric acid. 

COPTIS. Goldthread. (C. trifolia.) 

Tonic. 

Use. In all cases where a simple tonic is required. 

In aphthous affections of the mouth and throat. 

Dose. Of the powder from gr, x to gr. xxx. Of the 
tinct. 3j, 3j root, Oj alcohol. 


CRE 55 


CORIANDRUM. Coriander Seed. (C. sativum.) 

Carminative. 

Use. In flatulencies ; but chiefly to cover the taste 
of other medicines. 

Dose. ‘Aj to 3j entire, or in powder. 

CORYDALIS FORMOSA. Turkey Corn. 

Alterative, tonic. Used in syphilis, scrofula, &. 

Dose. Of fluid extract 10 to 40 drops. 

CORNUS FLORIDA. Dogwood. 

Tonic, astringent. 

Use. In all cases to which Peruvian Bark is 
adapted, which it closely resembles, especially 
intermittents. 

Dose. May be given in powder, decoction, or ex- 
tract of the powder, from )j to 3j. Infusion most 
employed. 

CORYLUS ROSTRATA. Beaked Hazel. 

Anthelmintic. Used the same way as cowhage. 

COTULA. Mayweed. Wild chamomile. Herb of 
Anthemis Cotula. 

Antispasmodic, vesicant externally. Best given 
in infusion. - 

CREASOTUM. Creasote. 

Use. Externally applied in rheumatism and neu- 
ralgia. Given in some stomachic affections, as 
dyspepsia, and anorexia, and to allay nausea and 
vomiting ; used externally in porrigo scutulata, and 
to relieve toothache, also to foul ulcers and cancer- 
ous sores. 

Dose. From mj to mij. 

CRETA PRAJPARATA. Prepared Chalk. Take of 
chalk a convenient quantity ; add a little water to 
it, and rub it into fine powder; throw this into a 
large vessel nearly full of water, stir briskly, and 
after a short interval pour the supernatant liquor, 
while yet turbid, into another vessel. Repeat the 


56 CUN 


process with the chalk remaining in the first vessel, 
and set the turbid liquor by, that the powder may 
subside. Lastly, pour off the water, and dry the 
powder. ' 

Internally antacid; externally absorbent. 

Use. In diarrhoea from acidity; externally when 
sprinkled over burns, after the inflammation has 
subsided, and a poultice applied, the skinning over 
the sore is much hastened. 

Dose. Gr. x to 3j or more. 

CROCUS. Saffron. (C-. sativa.) 

Stimulant, exhilarating; diaphoretic, emmena- 
gogue. 

Use. In hysteria and other nervous affections ; 
chiefly to impart color to officinal tinctures. 

ose. Gr. v to Zss. : 
CUBEBA. Cubebs. (Piper Cubebe.) 

Stimulant, purgative, diuretic. 

Use. In gonorrhea, gleet, leucorrhoea. Also as a 
grateful stomachic, and carminative in disorders of 
the digestive organs. Cubebs have been recom- 
mended in every stage of gonorrhea, but they are 
most safe and effectual in chronic diseases, and 
where the inflammation is confined to the mucous 
membrane of the urethra. If not speedily useful, 
they should be discontinued. 

Dose. From gr. x to 38s of the powder, every six 
hours. The volatile.oil is sometimes substituted in 

‘the dose of ten or twelve drops, suspended in muci- 
lage, or sugar and water. 
CUCURBITA CITRULLUS. Watermelon. 

Seeds used in strangury, and as a diuretic. In- 
fusion 3j or 3ij to Oj, ad lib. 

CUNILLA MARIANA. American Dittany. 

Used in warm infusions to promote perspiration, 

relieve colic, dysmenorrhea, 


CYN 57 


CUPRI ACETAS. Acetate of copper. 

Tonic, stimulant, escharotic. 

Use. In epilepsy, chorea, and other spasmodic 
affections. 

Dose. Gr. + gradually increased to gr. ij. 

Incomp. Alkalies, chalk mixture, sulphuric acid. 
CUPRI SULPHAS. Sulphate of Copper. 

Tonic, emetic, astringent, escharotic, alterative, 
styptic, antispasmodic. 

Use. In epilepsy, hysteria, and intermittent fever ; 
and to produce vomiting in incipient phthisis, in 
croup, and in poisoning; externally as a stimulant 
to ulcers and to take down fungus. <A weak solu- 
tion is sometimes used as a collyrium in ophthalmia, 
and as an injection in gleet. 

Dose. Asa tonic, gr. + to gr. ij ina pill; gr. ij 
to gr. x in fZij of water vomit. 

Incomp. Alkalies, earths and their carbonates ; 
sode biboras; salts of lead; acetate of iron; acetate 
and diacetate of lead; astringent vegetable in- 
fusions, decoction and tinctures. 

CUPRUM AMMONIATUM. Ammoniated Copper. 

Tonic, antispasmodic. 

Use. In epilepsy and chorea after a course of 
purging. 

Dose. Gr. } gradually increased to gr. v in a pill 
twice a day. 

Incomp. Acids, alkalies, lime-water. 

CURCUMA. The Root of Turmeric. (C@. Longa.) 

Stimulant, tonic. 

Use. In debilitated states of the stomach ; inter- 
mittent fever; dropsy. 

Dose. From 3ss of the powder in Zij, three table- 
spoonfuls, three times a day, of an infusion made 
with Ziij of the root in Oj of water. 

CYNODIUM. Quince Seed. 
Mucilaginous. Used in poultice in conjunctivitis. 


58 DEC 


CYPRIPEDIUM PUBESCENS. Ladies’ Slipper. 
Tonic, nervine, antispasmodic. In hysteria, &c. 
Dose. Of fluid extract 3ss to Jj. 

DAUCI FRUCTUS ET RADIX. Carrot Root and 

Seed.- (D. Carota.) 

The root, emollient ; the seeds, stomachic, carmi- 
native, diuretic. The root is externally antiseptic. 

Use. The root is chiefly employed as a poultice to 
fetid and ill-conditioned sores. The seeds have very 
little efficacy in gravel and other renal affections, 
for which they have been extolled. 

Dose. Of the bruised seed Pij, 3). 

DECOCTUM ALOES COMPOSITUM. Compound De- 
coction of Aloes. (Ext. Glycyrrh. Zvij, Potassze 
Carb. 3j, Aloes contrite, Myrrhz contri., Croci 
sing. Zjss. Tinc. Card. Co. fZvij, Aqua Ojss. Boil 
to Oj, and strain; and then add the Tinct. Card. 
Comp.) ; 

A warm cathartic; emmenagogue, tonic and 
cordial. 

Use. In habitual costiveness from torpor of the 
bowels; in jaundice, hypochondriasis, chlorosis and 
dyspepsia. This is a very mild and useful laxative 
where tonics are coindicated. It may be used with 
the greatest advantage in some forms of dyspepsia, 
and in those complicated cases in which suppressed 
menstruation is connected with enfeebled digestion 
and a languid state of the bowels, as in chlorosis. 

Dose. 3ss to fZij, taken in the morning. 

Incomp. Acid, and acidulous salts, metallic salts. 

DECOCTUM CALUMBA COMPOSITUM. Compound 
Decoction of Calumba. (Calumbz contuse Quas- 
Siw 44 3ij, Aurantii Corticis 3j, Rhei in pulv. 9j, 
Potasse carbonatis 38s, Aque fZxx. Boil to a pint, 
and add T, Lavand. f3ss.) 

Tonic. 


DEC 59 


Use. In convalescence from fever. 

Dose. fZij thrice a day. 

DECOCTUM CETRARIA@. (Lichenis Zv, Aque Ojss. 
Boil to Oj, and strain.) 

Tonic, demulcent. 

Use. In protracted coughs, phthisis, emaciation 
from the great discharge of ulcers, pertussis. 

Dose. fZiv to fZij three or four timesa day. The 
bitter is completely extracted by steeping the lichen 
in several waters before it is boiled, adding to each 
water about half a scruple of carbonate of potassa, 
Its nutritive qualities are considerable. 

DECOCTUM CHIMAPHILA. Decoction of Winter- 
green. (Chimaphila 3j, Aque dest. Ojss. Boil to 
a pint and strain. j 

Diuretic. 

Use. In dropsy, calculous and nephritic com- 
plaints. 

Dose. From f3j to f3jss. 

DECOCTUM CINCHONA. Decoction of Cinchona. 
(Cinchonize Cort. Contusi 3x, Aque Oj. Boil for 
ten minutes in a slightly covered vessel, and strain 
while hot.) ’ 

Tonic, antiperiodic. 

Use. When the powder does not sit easy on the 
stomach ; and when large doses are necessary; or 
ingredients of a nature which cannot be combined 
with the powder are required to be given with the 
bark. 

Dose. {3j to fZiv, three or four times a day. 

Incomp. Tartarized antimony, infusions of astrin- . 
gent barks. ; 

DECOCTUM CORNUS FLORIDA. Decoction of Dog- 
wood. (Corn. Florid. cont. 3j, Aque Oj.) Boil for 
ten minutes in a covered vessel, and strain the 
liquor while hot. 

Tonic. 


60 DEC 


Use. As a tonic, in dyspepsia and intermittents, 
especially when Peruvian Bark cannot be had. 

DECOCTUM DULCAMAR. Decoction of Woody 
Nightshade. (Dulcamaree contuse 3j, Aquee fZ xxiv. 
Boil and evaporate to fZ xiv.) 

Diuretic, diaphoretic, alterative, narcotic. 

Use. In dropsy, rheumatism, humoral asthma, 
lepra, and some other diseases of the skin. 

Dose. fZiv to 3j, with any aromatic tincture, 
twice or thrice a day. 

DECOCTUM GRANATI. Decoction of Pomegranate. 
(Granati Zij, Aquee destillatee Ojss. Boil to pint and 
strain.) 

Astringent, anthelmintic. 

Use. In tape-worm, dysentery. 

Dose. £3ss to f3j. 

DECOCTUM HAMATOXYLI. Decoction of Logwood. 
(Hematoxyli 3j. Cinnamomi contusi 3j. Aque Oj. 
Boil the wood in the water till it evaporates to fZx, 
toward the end of the coction add the cinnamon, 
then strain.) 

Tonic, astringent. 

Use. In diarrhoea, and some cases of dyspepsia, 
where the secretions of the intestines are acrid. 

Dose. £3j to fZiij, frequently. 

Incomp. The mineral acids, solution of alum, sul- 
phates of ircn and of copper, ‘acetate of lead, tartar- 
ized antimony. 

- DECOCTUM HORDEI. Decoction of Barley. (Hordei 
- Sem. Zijss, Aquee Oivss. First wash the barley well, 
then boil it for a few minutes in Oss of the water ; 
which being strained off and thrown away, add the 
remainder boiling, boil to two pints and strain.) 

Nutritive, demulcent. 

Use. Ags a diluent in febrile affections, recent 
gonorrhea and strangury, and to form the bulk in 
clysters. Ad libitum. 


DEC 61 


DECOCTUM QUERCUS. (Albe.) Decoction of Oak 
Bark. (Quercus Cort. 3x, Aque Oij. Boil to a pint 
and strain.) 

Astringent. 

Use. An injection in leucorrhoea, and the gleety 
discharge which frequently remains ,after miscar- 
riages; fomentation in local vitiated ulcer; an ap- 
plication to warts. 

Incomp. Decoction of cinchona; gelatine; me- 
tallic salts; alkalies destroy its astringency. 

DECOCTUM SARZA COMPOSITUM. Compound 
Decoction of Sarsaparilla. (Decocti Sarsaparille 
ferv. Oiv, Sassafras Rad. concise, Guaiaci Ligni 
rasi, Glycyrrh. Rad. cont. sing. 3x, Mezerei ij. 
Boil 15 minutes, and strain.) Or, take of Sarsapa- 
rilla Zvj, Water Oiv; add the other ingredients, and 
proceed in the same manner.— U. S. Phar. 

Diaphoretic, alterative. 

Use. In secondary syphilis; chronic rheuma- 
tism, and lepra. 

Dose. fZiv to fZvj twice or thrice a day. 

DECOCTUM SENEGA. Decoction of Senega. 
(Senegze Rad. 3x, Aque Oij. Boil to Oj and strain.) 

Diuretic, purgative, stimulant, expectorant. 

Use. In dropsy, rheumatism, and affections of 
the lungs attended with debility. Also, in bron- 
chitis, where expectoration is scanty, and in croup, 
amenorrhea, asthma, and scrofula. 

Dose. _fZjss to fZiij, three or four times a day. 

DECOCTUM SCILLA. Decoction of Squill. (Scil- 
le Ziij, Juniperi Ziv, Senega Ziij, Aque Oiv. Boil 
to one-half, then strain, and add Spiritus Aitheris 
Nitrici f Ziv.) 

Diuretic. 

‘Use. Dropsy. 


Dose. From f3j to fZij, frequently repeated. 
6 


62 DIO 


DECOCTUM TARAXACI. Decoction of Dandelion. 
(Taraxaci recentis herbe et radicis Zvij, Aquee bij. 
Boil to lbj, and then strain.) 

Purgative, tonic. 

Use. In deficient and irregular action of the liver. 

Dose. f£3j to Zij, twice or thrice a day. 

DECOCTUM UV URSI. Decoction of Whortle- 
berry. (Uvee Ursi cont. 3j, Aque dest. Ojss. Boil 
to a pint and strain.) 

Astringent, diuretic, antilithic. 

Use. In hemorrhages of the prostate gland and 
the intestinal canal, gravel, chronic nephritis, dia- 
betes, and all diseases of the urinary organs. 

Dose. £3j to fZij three times a day. 

Incomp. Ipecacuanha, opium, infusion of cin- 
chona bark, alkalies. 

DIGITALIS. Foxglove. (D. Purpura.) Stimulant, 
but afterward sedative, diuretic, narcotic. In over- 
doses it occasions vomiting, purging, vertigo, deli- 
rium, convulsions, and death. 

Use. In inflammatory diseases; phthisis ; active 
hemorrhages, and dropsies, unattended by palsy and 
unsound viscera ; from its influence in lowering the 
pulse, digitalis has been much employed in palpita- 
tion and other affections of the heart, in mania, 
‘epilepsy, &c., also as an antispasmodic in pertussis 
and spasmodic asthma; where there is a laxness of 
fiber, and pale countenance. 

Dose. Gr.jin a pill, united with ammoniacum, 
soap, calomel, or opium, every six or eight hours 
till the remedy acts by the kidneys. 

DIOSCOREA VILLOSA. Wild Yam. 
Antispasmodic, said to be specific in bilious colic. 
Dose. Of dioscorine 1 to 6 grains. 

DIOSPYROS. Persimmon. (D. Virginiana.) . ° 
Astringent, tonic. 


EMP } 63 


Use. The decoction of the bark, in intermittents, 
and in the form of a gargle in ulcerated sore throat. 
The fruit, when green, is excessively astringent, 
and the juice may be advantageously employed 
where an astringent effect is desired. 

DRACONTIUM. Skunk Cabbage. (Symplocarpus 
fetidus.) 

Stimulant, antispasmodic, expectorant, narcotic. 

Use. In asthma, chronic catarrh, rheumatism, 
hysteria, epilepsy, hooping-cough, and dropsy. In 
large doses it produces nausea and vomiting, with 
headache, vertigo, and dimness of vision. 

Dose. Gyr.x to gr. xx of the powdered root three 
or four times a day. It may also be given in infu- 
sion or syrup, in doses of from f3j to fZiv. 

DULCAMARA. Woody Nightshade, Bittersweet. 
(Solanum Dulcamara.) 

Diuretic, sudorific, narcotic, alterative. 

Use. In chronic rheumatism, humoral asthma, 
dropsy, lepra, scrofula, and jaundice. 

Dose. jj to 3j, in powder; in the form of ex- 
tract, gr. Vv to gr. x. An overdose produces vomit- 
ing and delirium. 

ELATERIUM. Wild Cucumber. (Momordica ela- 
terium. ) 

Violently cathartic ; hydragogue; diuretic. 

Use. In dropsies. 

Dose. Gr. 1-10th to gr.} in a pill, or } gr. every 
hour till it operates ; or gr. j dissolved in 3j alcohol, 
with four drops of nitric acid, of which from thirty 
to forty drops may be given in water. 

EMPLASTRUM AMMONIACI. Ammoniacum Plaster. 
(Ammoniaci pur. Zv, Aceti destillati fZiij. After 
dissolving the Ammoniacum, the plaster is formed 
by evaporating. the mixture, constantly stirring to 
a proper consistence.) 


64 EMP 


Stimulant, resolvent. 
Use. To scrofulous tumors, bronchocele, white 
swelling, rheumatism. 

EMPLASTRUM AMMONIACUM. Ammoniac Plas- 
ter. (Ammoniac Zv, Dilute Acetic Acid, Oss— 
evaporate.) 

Stimulant. 

EMPLASTRUM AMMONIACUM CUM HYDRAR- 
GYRO. Plaster of Ammoniac with Mercury. (Am- 
moniac Plaster Ziv, Mercurial Plaster Z viij.) 

A discutient in venereal nodes, chronic hepatitis, 
&e. 

EMPLASTRUM ASSAFCITIDA. Assafcetida Plas- 
ter. (Assafcet., Lead Plaster, ia Ibj. Galbanum, 
Yellow Wax, 4a lbss, Diluted Alcohol, Oiij. Dis- 
solve the Assafoetida and Galban. in the alcohol, in 
a warm bath; strain while hot, and evaporate to 
the consistence of honey ; then add the lead plaster 
and wax previously melted together; stir well, and 
evaporate to a proper consistence.) 

Antispasmodic, anodyne. 
Use. In flatulence and hysteria, applied over the 
umbilical region. 

EMPLASTRUM BELLADONNA. Plaster of Bella- 
donna. (HEmplastri Resin Ziij, Extracti Bella- 
donne Zjss.) 

Sedative, anodyne. 
Use. In chronic rheumatism and local pains. 

EMPLASTRUM CANTHARIDIS. Plaster of the 
Spanish or Blistering Fly. (Take of the finely pow- 
dered Spanish Flies lbj, Yellow Wax, Resin, Lard, 
each 3 viij; mix and stir till cool.) 

Epispastic. 

Use. In every case where blisters are required. 
Heat destroys the acrimony of the flies; and there- 
fore this plaster fails when incautiously prepared. 


EMP 65 


It should be spread on leather, for a plaster, with 
the thumb, and never with a hot spatula. Perhaps 
the most certain mode of raising blisters would be 
to sprinkle the finely powdered flies gp some farina- 
ceous paste, as suggested by Parmentier. In using 
this plaster, the part which it is to cover should be 
bathed with vinegar, and a piece of thin gauze 
pressed down on the surface of the plaster, inter- 
posed between it and the skin, by which means it 
is easily and cleanly removed. It requires to re- 
main applied twelve hours in order to produce a 
perfect blister. 

EMPLASTRUM FERRI. Plaster of Red Oxide’ of 
Iron: Strengthening Plaster. (RK. Sub. Carb. Ferri 
3iij, Emp. Plumbi Ibij, Picis Burgund. lbss. M.) 

Strengthening, stimulant. 

Use. In muscular relaxations, and in weaknesses 
of the joints after sprains. It acts chiefly in giving 
a mechanical support, by its stiffness and adhesive 
quality. 

EMPLASTRUM GALBANI COMPOSITUM. Gal- 
banum Plaster. (Galbani Zviij, Emplastri Plumbi 
Ibiij, Terebinthine Vulgaris 3x, Abietis Resinz 
contrite Zij. Melt the galbanum and turpentine 
together, then fir€€ add the pine resin, and after- 
ward the plaster, melted with a gentle heat, and 
mix all together.) 

Stimulant, suppurative. 

Use. Toscrofulous tumors; old arthritic joints ; 
and to the lumbar regions in rickets. For the pur- 
poses of a digestive in discharged abscesses, when 
induration remains. 

EMPLASTRUM HYDRARGYRI. Mercurial Plas- 
ter. (Hydrarg. Ziij, Olive Olei 3j, Emplastri 
Plumbi 1bj, Sulphuris gr. viij. Rub the Sulphur 
with the heated oil, stirring constantly until they 

6* 


66 EMP 


unite, then rub the mercury with them until the 

globules disappear; lastly, add gradually the lead 

plaster melted with a slow fire, and mix the whole 

together. il U. S. Phar. directs to take, Hy- 

drarg. 3Vj, Oliv., Resin, 4% Zij, Emp. Plumbi 

1bj.) 
paainee resolvent, discutient. 

Use. To ‘puboes and venereal tumors; nodes, 
when not painful to the touch and indurations; and 
to joints affected with syphilitic pains. 

EMPLASTRUM OPII. Opium Plaster. (Opii 3ij, 
Abietis Resine cont. Ziij, Emplast. Plumbi 1bj, 
Aquee fZviij. To the plaster melted add the resin, 
the opium, and water, and boil the mixture with a 
slow fire to a proper consistence. ) 

Anodyne, stimulant. 

Use. Against internal pains. 

EMPLASTRUM PICIS BURGUNDICA. Burgundy 
Pitch Plaster. (Burgundy Pitch lbvi, Yellow Wax 
4 Ib. 

npr ASTRT PICIS CUM CANTHARIDA. Warmn- 
ing BE Aaeter (Burgundy Pitch, 34 lbs, Blistering 
Plaster, 3 lb.) 

Useful | in rheumatism, catarrh, hepatitis, &c. 

EMPLASTRUM PLUMBI. Leaw Plaster. (Plumbi 
Oxidi in pulv. lbvj, Olive Olei, cong. j, Aque Oij. 
Boil together over a slow fire, stirring constantly 
until the oil and the oxide of lead form a plaster.) 

Defensive, slightly adhesive. 

Use. In excoriations; as a defense to slight 
wounds, and to retain their edges together; as a 
covering to corns; &nd to form the basis of some 
other plaster. 

EMPLASTRUM RESINA. Resin Plaster. Adhesive 
Plaster. (Resine Flave lbss, Emplastri Plumbi 
Ibiij. Melt the Plaster with a gentle heat, then add 
the resin, and mix.) 


ERI 67 


Defensive, adhesive, slightly stimulant. 

Use. In retaining the lips of recent wounds to- 
gether, that they may heal by the first intention; 
and to give support to ulcerated parts, to assist their 
granulation, without rest. The plaster originally 
prepared by Mr. Baynton contained less resin; 3vj 
only to lbj of the litharge plaster. This prepara- 
tion, however, answers the purpose equally well, 
except in very irritable habits. 

EMPLASTRUM SAPONIS. Soap Plaster. (Saponis 
concisi lbss, Emplast. Plumbi Ibiij. Mix the soap 
with the melted plaster and boil to a proper con- 
sistence.) 

Mildly discutient. . 

Use. Applied to lymphatic tumors; and used 
with the same views as the mercurial plaster, but 
with much less effect. 

EPIGHA REPENS. Trailing Arbutus. Ground 
Laurel. 

Used in the same way as uva ursi and buchu. 

ERGOTA. Spurred Rye. 

Stimulant, acting chiefly on the muscular system 
of the uterus. Narcotic; a narcotico-acrid poison. 

Use. In parturition when the pains languish, 
and the uterine action becomes torpid, provided the 
os uteri be fully dilated, and the membranes rup- 
tured. In leucorrhcea and uterine hemorrhage. 

Dose. ‘Jj to Zss in cases of parturition ; gr. v to 
gr. x in leucorrhca, three or four times a day. The 
most common way of giving Ergot is in decoction, 
3j of it bruised to 3 vj boiling water—boil ten min- 
utes ; strain and sweeten, and give one-third every 
half hour—in parturient cases. Or, of the Tincture 
made by digesting Zss in Zvj Rectified Spirit four 
days, 3j—of the oil, from twenty to fifty drops. 

ERIGERON. Fleabane. (&. Canadense.) 


68 EUP ’ 


Diuretic, tonic, astringent. 

Use. In dropsy and diarrhoea. Recommended 
in gravel and nephritic diseases, as well as dropsy. 

Dose. Of the powder, from 3ss to Zj. Of the 
infusion, prepared in the proportion of 3j of the 
leaves to Oj boiling water, from fZij to fZiv. 
Aqueous eXtract, from gr. v to gr. x every few 
hours. ' 

ERYNGIUM. Button Snake Root. (. aquaticwm.) 

Diaphoretic, expectorant, emetic. 

Use. As anexpectorant in pulmonary and catar- 
rhal affections ; its effects resemble those of Seneka 
Snake Root. 

ERYTHRONIUM. Dog’s Tooth Violet. (#. Ameri- 
canum.) 

Emetic. . 

Dose. From gr. xx to gr. xxx of the powdered 
recent bulb, proves emetic; a smaller dose, ex- 
pectorant. 

EUONYMUS ATROPURPUREUS. Burning Bush. 
Wahoo. 

Tonic, laxative, alterative, diuretic, expectorant. 

Dose. Asa diuretic in dropsy ; a wineglassful of 
decoction or infusion (3j to Oj). Fluid extract 3) 
to Zij. 

EUPATORIUM. Thoroughwort. Boneset. (L. per- 
foliatum.) 

Tonic, diaphoretic, emetic, aperient, according to 
dose. 

Use. As a diaphoretic in catarrh and rheumatism ; 
in intermittents, and remittents, and inflammatory 
diseases ; a3 a tonic in dyspepsia and general debil- 
ity ; given cold. 

Dose. Asa tonic, from jj to 3j of the powdered 
leaves, or f3j to fZiv infusion; as a diaphoretic, 
every two hours, the infusioa should be given warm, 


Oe ae 69 


while the patient is covered in bed; as emetic and 
cathartic, a strong decoction, in doses of Oss or 
more. 

EUPHORBIA. Spurge. (Z£. corollata.) 

The root is emetic and cathartic. In small doses, 
diaphoretic and expectorant. Inferior to ipecacu- 
anha as to safety, and to antimony as to certainty. 
Externally vesicant. 

Dose. Of the powder from gr. x to gr. xx; asa 
cathartic, from gr. iij to gr. x. 

EXTRACTUM ACONITI. Extract of Aconite. 

Dose. 1 to 2 grs. 

EXTRACTUM ACONITI ALCOHOLICUM. 

Narcotic, diuretic. 

Use. In obstinate chronic rheumatisms and 
headaches ; agues, glandular swellings, convul- 
sions; chronic uterine hemorrhages; neuralgia and 
spinal irritations. 

Dose. Gr. + night and morning, gradually in- 
creased to gr. v, in the form of pills. 

EXTRACTUM BELLADONNA. Extract of Bella- 
donna. 

Narcotic; it is used in the same cases as the plant. 

Dose. Gr. + gradually increased to gr. ij in pills. 

EXTRACTUM CANNABIS INDICA. 

Powerful narcotic, antispasmodic. 

Use. In neuralgia, gout, tetanus, Xe. 

Dose. Variable as the extract varies. Gr. j every 
2 to 4 hours, gradually increased. 

EXTRACTUM CINCHONA. Resinous Extract of 
Bark. 

The same as the bark in substance. 

Use. In ague, and every complaint for which 
bark is used. This is altogethera preferable prep- 
aration to the watery extract; the rectified spirit 
contains water enough to enable it to take up all 


70 EXT 


the active principles of the drug; less heat is re- 
quired to evaporate the menstruum. The expense 
of the spirit is the greatest objection to it. It is 
more grateful to the stomach than the water ex- 
tracts. 

Dose. Gr. x to gr. xx in pills, or dissolved in 
some distilled water. 

EXTRACTUM COLCHICI ACETICUM. 
Use. The same as the bulb. 
Dose. Gr. j to gr. ij, two or three times a day. 
EXTRACTUM COLOCYNTHIDIS COMPOSITUM. 
Compound Extract of Colocynth. 

Cathartic, stimulant. 

Use. In obstinate visceral obstructions ; habitual 
costiveness in leucophlegmatic habits; dropsies ; 
worms. 

Dose. Gr. vj to 38s, in pills. 

EXTRACTUM CONII. Extract of Hemlock. 

Narcotic, alterative, resolvent. 

Use. In scrofula, scirrhus, and cancer, particu- 
larly for allaying the pain of uterine cancer, with- 
out producing costiveness, as opium does ; a useful 
addition to mercurial salts in cutaneous complaints. 

Dose. Gr. iij gradually increased, twice or thrice 
a day. 

EXTRACTUM CUBEBA FLUIDUM. Fluid Extract 
of Cubebs. 

Dose. tv to xxx, in water. 

EXTRACTUM GENTIANA. Extract of Gentian. 

Tonic, stomachic; in large doses aperient. 

Use. In dyspepsia; jaundice, &c.; but it is chiefly 
used as a medium for giving the metallic oxides, in 
the form of pills; an excellent adjunct to ipecacu- 
anha in the latter stage of dysentery. 

Dose. Gr. x to 3ss twice or thrice a day. 

EXTRACTUM GLYCYRRHIZA. Extract of Liquo- 
rice. 


EXT T1 


Demulcent. 

Use. In the tickling cough of catarrh it is per- 
haps the most useful of the demulcents, as it hangs 
about and sheaths the fauces. 

Dose 3jto 3ij ad libitum. 

EXTRACTUM HAIMATOXYLI. Extract of Log- 
wood. 

Astringent. ‘ 

Use. In diarrliceas, the protracted stage of dys- 
entery, and internal hemorrhages. It may be given 

clyster-wise in solution. 

Dose. Gr. x to 3j in pills or dissolved in cinna- 
mon water. 

Incomp. Alkalies and their carbonates ; magne- 
sia, carbonate of lime. 

EXTRACTUM HYOSCYAMI. Extract of Henbane. 

Narcotic. 

Use. In nervous affections, rheumatism, gout, 
chordees, obstinate ulcerations ; and whenever it is 
required to allay pain, and avoid costiveness, which 
opium is apt to induce. 

Dose. Gr. ij. It has been increased to the ex- 
tent of jj twice a day. 

Incomp. Astringent infusions and decoctions. 

EXTRACTUM JALAPA. Extract of Jalap. 

Cathartic, hydragogue. } 

‘se. In costiveness, worms, dropsy, generally 
combined with soap or calomet. 

Dose. Gr. x to )j in pills. To children the hard 
extract is given, triturated with sugar or testaceous 
‘powders. 

EXTRACTUM JUGLANDIS. Extract of Butternut. 

Purgative, or laxative, according to dose. 

Dose. From gr. xx to gr. xxx, it acts as a mild 
cathartic. 

EXTRACTUM KRAMERIA. Extract of Krameria. 
Extract of Rhatany. 


72 EXT 


A powerful astringent. 
Use. In chronic diarrhoea and internal hemor- 
rhages. 
Dose. From gr. iv to dj. 
EXTRACTUM NUCIS VOMICA. Extract of Nux 
Vomica. 
Stimulant. 
. Use. In paraplegia, and other cases of partial 
paralysis. 
Dose. From gr. + to gr. jss. 
EXTRACTUM PIPERIS FLUIDUM. Fluid Extract 
of Black PSDP. 
Dose. MH, 1 
EXTRACTUM BODOPHYLLI. Extract of May Ap- 
le. 
A Purgative. 
Dose. From. gr. v to gr. xv. 
EXTRACTUM QUASSLA, Extract of Quassia. 
Tonic. 
Use. In atonic dyspepsia, and general debility. 
Dose. From gr. v to gr. x. 
EXTRACTUM RHEI. Extract of Rhubarb. 
Dose. 10 to 30 ers. 
EXTRACTUM RHEI FLUIDUM. Fluid Extract of 
Rhubarb. 
Dose. f3ss. 
EXTRACTUM SARSAPARILLA FLUIDUM. Fluid 
Extract of Sarsaparilla. 
Use. In the same cases as the powder of the 
root, especially in secondary syphilis. 
Dose. £3), twice or thrice a day. 
EXTRACTUM SARZA. Extract of Sarsaparilla. (A 
strained decoction evaporated.) 
Oper. The same as the powder of the root, to 
the decoction of which this extract is added, ‘to 
render it stronger and more efficacious.” 


FER 73 


Dose. Gr. x to 3j in pills, or dissolved in the 
decoction. 

EXTRACTUM SENNA FLUIDUM. Fluid Extract of 
Senna. 

Dose. f3ss. 

EXTRACTUM SPIGELLZ ET SENNA FLUIDUM. 
Fluid Extract of Spigelia and Senna. 

Dose. £3ss for an adult; fZj for a child 2 years 
old. 

EXTRACTUM STRAMONII. Extract of Stramonium. 

A powerful narcotic. When taken in quantity 
sufficient to affect the system moderately, it pro- 
duces more or less cerebral disturbance, such as 
vertigo, headache, dimness of vision, &c., with a 
disposition to sleep; has a laxative effect upon the 
bowels, and increases the secretion from the skin 
and kidneys; does not affect the pulse, but some- 
times produces deranged sensations about the fau- 
ces, cesophagus, and trachea. 

Use. In asthma, pertussis, neuralgia, syphilis, 
cancer, rheumatism, and other spasmodic affections. 

Dose. Gr. ss, in the form of pill, twice or thrice 
a day. 

EXTRACTUM TARAXACI. Extract of Dandelion. 

Deobstruent, laxative, diuretic. 

Use. In jaundice, chronic inflammation, and in- 
cipient scirrhus of the liver, chronic derangements 
of the stomach, hypochondriasis, and dropsy. 

Dose. Gr. iv to 3j united with sulphate of potassa. 

EXTRACTUM VALERIANA FLUIDUM. Fluid Ex- 
tract of Valerian. 
FEL BOVINUM. Ox Gall (Inspissated). 

Tonic, laxative. 

Use. In cases of deficient bile. 

Dose. Grs. v to x. 

FERRUM. Iron. 
7 


14 FER 


Tonic, deobstruent ; anthelmintic ; producing fetid 
eructations, owing to its meeting with acid in the 
stomach, which oxidizes it, and evolves sulphuretted 
hydrogen gas. 

Use. In general debility, dyspepsia, hysteria, 
chlorosis, worms, and in passive hemorrhages. It 
can prove useful only when it is oxidized, which is 
known by the eructations and black feeces. 

Dose. Of the filings gr. v to Hj, with some aro- 
matic powder; or in the form of electuary with 
honey; or pills with extract of gentian. 

Quevenne’s Metallic tron (Ferrum per Hydrogen)— , 
the most useful form. Dose.—Gr. ij in pill after each 
meal. 

FERRUM AMMONIATUM. Ammoniated Iron. 

‘An aperient chalybeate. 

Use. Amenorrhea, epilepsy, scrofula, &c. 

Dose. 4 to 12 grs. several times a day. 

FERRI CITRAS. Citrate of Iron. 

A pleasant chalybeate. 

Dose. 5 grs. or more. 

FERRI FERROCYANIDUM. Prussian Blue. 

Tonic, febrifuge, alterative. 

Use. Intermittents, epilepsy, neuralgia. 

Dose. 3 to 5 grs. 

FERRI IODIDUM. Iodide of Iron. 

Tonic, emmenagogue, deobstruent. 

Dase. Gr. i to Viii. 

Use. In all cases of debility, in scrofula, incipient 
cancer, amenorrhcea, secondary syphilis, mesenteric 
' obstructions. A bad ‘form of the preparation, which 
should only be kept in solution. 

FERRI IODIDI SOLUTIO. Solution of Iodide of Iron. 
(The U. S. Phar. directs to take of Iodine Zij, Iron 
Filings 3j, Prepared Honey fZv, Distilled Water a 
sufficient quantity. Mix the iodine with fZx of the 


FER 75 


distilled water, in a glass vessel, and gradually add 
the iren filings. Heat the mixture gently until the 
liquor acquires a light-greenish color; then having 
added the honey, continue the heat a short time 
and filter. Lastly, pour distilled water upon the 
filter, and allow it to pass until the whole of the 
filtered liquor measures fZxx. Keep in closely- 
stopped bottles.) 

Use. The same as iodide. 

Dose. Wxx to f3j. 

FERRI LACTAS. Lactate of Iron. 

Use. In chlorosis, &c. 

Dose. 1 to 2 grs., gradually. 

FERRI OXIDUM HYDRATUM. (Hydrated Oxide of 
Iron. Hydrated Sesquioxide of Iron.) (Sulphate of 
Iron Ziv, Sulphuric Acid fZiijss. Nitric Acid fZvj, 
or sufficient quantity, Solution of Ammonia a suffi- 
cient quantity, Water Oij. Dissolve the iron in the 
water, and having added the sulphuric acid, boil 
the solution; then add the nitric acid in small 
portions, boiling the liquid for a minute or two after 
each addition, until the acid ceases to produce a 
dark color. Filter the liquid, allow it to cool, and 
add solution of ammonia in excess, stirring the mix- 
ture briskly. Wash the precipitate with water until 
the washings cease to yield a precipitate with chlo- 
ride of barium, and keep it in close bottles with 
water sufficient to cover it.) 

Use. An antidote for poisoning with arsenic and 
its salts; acts by combining with arsenious acid, 
and rendering it insoluble... 

Dose. 3j frequently repeated. This preparation 
of iron will remove arsenic from its solution in 
water, by adding 12 grains of it for every grain of 
the arsenic. Of course, it must be given in large 
quantities, and proportioned to the quantity of 
arsenic taken. 


76 FER 


FERRI PHOSPHAS. Phosphate of Iron. 

Use. A valuable tonic in amenorrhea, and some 
forms of dyspepsia ; also in intermittents. 

Dose. Gr. v to gr. x. 

FERRI ET POTASSA TARTRAS. Tartrate of Iron 
and Potassa. 

Tonic, deobstruent. 

Use. This is one of the mildest of the salts of 
iron, and so palatable, that children may be easily 
persuaded to takeit. In scrofulous tumors, weakened 
bowels, &c. 

Dose. Gr. x to 38s in powder or bolus, mixed with 
any aromatic, or with columbo. 

Incomp. Potasse sulphuretum, infusions of oak 
bark, galls, or other astringent vegetables. 

FERRI ‘ET QUINL# CITRAS. Citrate of Tron and 
Quinia. (Quinia 3j, Acidum Citrici Zij, Ferri Citras 
Zv, Aque fZxij—heat together, stir, and avoid 
ebullition—-evaporate, and spread on glass to dry.) 

Use. Tonic. 

Dose. Grs. Vv or more, 3 times a day, in solution 
or pill. 

FERRI RAMENTA. Iron Filings. 

FERRI SUBCARBONAS. 

Tonic, emmenagogue, alterative. 

Use. Itis advantageously employed in tic dou- 
loureux and other forms of neuralgia, dyspepsia, 
chlorosis, chorea, and lately has been much recom- 
mended in cancer. One of our best chalybeates, 

Dose. Gr. v to 38s united with myrrh, bitter ex- 
tract, or some aromatic. 

Incomp. Acids and acidulous salts. 

FERRI SULPHAS. Sulphate of Iron. 

Tonic, emmenagogue, astringent, anthelmintic ; 

_ in large doses emetic. 
Use. In diseases of general debility, amenorrhea, 


GAL i) 


with a weak, languid pulse; diabetes; in elyatere 
against ascarides. 

Dose. Gr. j to gr. v, combined with myrrh, am- 
moniacum, and bitter extracts. 

Incomp. The earths, chloride of calcium, chloride 
of barium, alkalies and their carbonates, biboras 
sode, nitras argenti, acetas plumbi, soaps, tannin. 

FICUS. Figs. 

Nutritious, laxative, demulcent. 

FILIX. Male Fern Root. -(Aspidium filix mas.) 

Anthelmintic. 

Use. In tinea lata, and cucurbitina; but perhaps 
more is to be attributed to the active purgatives 
With which it is generally followed. 

Dose. 3ij to Ziij of the solid part of the powdered 
root taken in the morning, and soon after it a strong 
cathartic of gamboge or jalap, worked off with 
green tea. This was Madame Nouffier’s celebrated 
remedy. 

FCINICULUM. Fennel. (F. vulgare.) 

Carminative, diuretic. 

Use. In flatulencies. 

Dose. j to 3j, bruised, to Oj boiling water. 

FRASERA. American Columbo. (1. Walteri.) 

A mild and valuable tonic. 

Use. In all cases where a pure tonic is needed. 

Dose. Of the powder, from 3ss to 3j; of the in- 
fusion made with 3j of the bruised root to Oj boil- 
ing water, 3j to Zij several times a day. 

GALBANUM. Galbanum Gum-Resin. 

Internally antispasmodic, deobstruent, expecto- 
rant; externally resolvent, discutient. 

Use. In hysteria, particularly that which attends 
irregular and deficient menstruation ; chlorosis, ex- 
ternally to indolent tumors. 

Dose. Gr. x to 3j in pills, or emulsion. 

7* 


78 GEN 


GALIUM APARINE. Cleavers. Goose-grass. 
Expressed juice aperient, diuretic, antiscorbutic. 
Dose. Ziij, twice a day. 

GALL. Galls. 

Powerfully astringent, tonic. 

Use. They have been used in diarrheea, intestinal 
hemorrhages, and intermittents; but they are prin- 
cipally employed in gargles and injections; and the 
powder to form an ointment for piles, in the pro- 
portion of Zij to lard Zij, and powdered opium Jj. 

Dose. When exhibited internally, gr. x to )j, 
twice or thrice a day. 

Incomp. Lime-water, potassze carbonas, plumbi 
acetas, et diacetatis, cupri sulphas, argenti nitras, 
ferri iodidum, ferri sulphas, antimonii potassio-tar- 
tras, hydrargyri nitras, hydrargyri bichloridum, 
infusum cinchone, solution of isinglass, solution of 
opium ; all of which precipitate the infusion of galls. 

GAMBOGIA. -Gamboge. 

Drastic cathartic, emetic, re bagged anthel- 
mintic. 

Use. In visceral obstructions and dropsy: In 
tapeworm, with carbonate of potassa. 

Dose. Gr. ij to gr. x in powder, with calomel, 
squills, &c. 

GAULTHERIA. Partridge Berry. (G. procumbens.) 
Stimulant, cordial, astringent, emmenagogue. 
Use. In diarrhoea, amenorrhoea; but chiefly to 

flavor other medicines. 

Dose. Of the infusion, fZij to fZiv; oil, mij to 
mx. 

GELSEMINUM SEMPERVIRENS. Yellow Jasmine. 
An excellent febrifuge. 

Used in neuralgia, headache, chorea, &c. 

‘Dose. Fluid extract, 3 to 20 drops. 

GENTIANA. Gentian Root. (G. lutea.) 


GIL 79 


Tonic, stomachic, in large doses aperient; anti- 
septic. 

Use. In dyspepsia, hysteria, jaundice ; gout, united 
with aromatics; chlorosis, with chalybeates ; and 
dropsies, with squill and neutral salts. Externally 
in putrid ulcers. 

Dose. Gr. x to Vij. Vide Infusion, &c. 

GERANIUM. Crane’s Bill. (G. maculatum.) 

A powerful astringent. ' 

Use. Diarrhoea, and in the second stage of dysen- 
tery after evacuants; cholera infantum; passive 
hemorrhages. An elegantremedy in cases of infants, 
or of persons with very delicate stomachs. Locally, 
to indolent ulcers, an injection in gleet and leucor- 
rhoea, a gargle in relaxation of the uvula and aph- 
thous ulcerations of the throat. 

Dose. Of the powder, from gr. xx to gr. xxx; of 
the decoction, from 3j to Zij. It may be given to 
children, boiled in milk. 

GEUM. Water Avens. (G. rivale.) 

Tonic, astringent. 

Use. In diarrhoea, leucorrhoea, passive hemor- 
rhages, general debility. 

Dose. Of the powdered root, from Aj to 3j three 
limes a day; of the decoction, made with 3j of the 
root to Oj of water, from f3j to fZij ; a weak decoc- 
tion is sometimes made by invalids as a substitute 
for coffee. 

GILLENJA. Indian Physic. American Ipecac. (G. 
trifoliata.) 

Emetic, cathartic; in small doses tonic. 

Use. As a mild emetic where such medicines are 
indicated ; as a substitute for ipecacuanha. 

Dose. Of the powdered root, as an emetic, from 
gr. xx to gr. xxx, repeated every twenty minutes, 
till it operates; as alterative and tonic, from gr. Vv 
to gr. XV. 


80 GUA 


GLYCERINA. Glycerin. Sweet principle of oils. 

Demulcent, antiseptic. 

Use. Externally, in skin diseases, &c. 

GLYCYRRHIZA. Liquorice Root. (G. glabra.) 

Demulcent. 

Use. In catarrh; but it is generally combined 
with other mucilages, and is a pleasant and useful 
demulcent. 

Dose. Of the powder, 3ss to 3). 

GNAPHALIUM MARGARITACEUM. §Life-everlast- 
ing. 

Used as tea in pectoral and bowel complaints, 
and as poultice in bruises, Xc. 

GOLD. <Aurum. 

The preparations of gold are powerfully alterative, 

and have been but little studied. 
GOSSYPIUM. Cotton. (G. herbaceum.) 

Used in burns and to blisters, but often acts as 

an irritant in such cases. A solution of gun cotton 
in ether forms collodion. A fluid extract used as 
emmenagogue and abortive. 

GRANATUM. Pomegranate Bark and flowers, and 
bark of the root. (Punica granatum.) 

Astringent, anthelmintic. 

’ Use. In chronic and colliquative diarrhceas, and 
the protracted stage of dysentery ; for tapeworm ; 
externally, as an injection in leucorrhea, and gargles 
in angina. 

Dose. In substance, 3ss to 3j; of a decoction 
fZss, every three hours. 

Incomp. Sulphate of i iron, iodide of iron, nitrate 
of silver, acetates of lead. © 

GUATACI RESINA ET LIGNUM. Guaiacum Resin 
and wood. (G. officinale.) 

Stimulant, diaphoretic; in large doses purgative. 

Use. In chronic rheumatism, gout, cutaneous 
diseases, and the sequela of lues venerea. 


HEL 81 


Dose. To produce its first effects, gr. v to Rj in 
pills, or in emulsion made with mucilage or yolk of 
egg; to purge, gr. xv to 3j, in the same form. 

Incomp. The mineral acids. 

HAMATOXYLUM. Logwood. (HH. campechianum.) 

Astringent, tonic. 

Use. In the protracted stage of diarrhcea and 
dysentery, under the form of decoction. (Xk. Of the 
shavings 3j, water Oij. Boil to Oj and strain.) 

Dose. £3j to fZij every three or four hours. 

Incomp. The mineral acids, acetic acid, solution 
of alum, sulphate of iron and of copper, acetate of 
lead, antimonii potassio-tartras. Opium, decoction 
of cinchona flava. 

HAMAMELIS VIRGINICA. Witch-hazel. 

Astringent, sedative, discutient. 

Used in hemorrhages and piles. For the latter 
equal parts of this bark; white oak and bark of the 
apple tree, in decoction, made up with lard. 

HEDEOMA. Pennyroyal. (ZH. pulegioides.) 

An aromatic stimulant, diaphoretic, diuretic, ° 
emmenagogue. 

Dose. Of infusion, ad libitum. Oil from mj to 


HELONIAS DIOICA. Starwort. False Unicorn eae 

Tonic, diuretic, vermifuge. 

The bulbous root efficacious in atony of the gen- 
erative organs. 

Dose. In powder, Ziss three times a day. May 
be used in tincture and syrup. 

HELLEBORUS. Black Hellebore Root. (2H. niger.) 

Cathartic, hydragogue, emmenagogue. 

Use. In mania and melancholia, dropsy, and in 
suppression of the menses in plethoric habits; but 
it may be questioned whether it is equal to jalap, 
&c. It is seldom got genuine. 


82 HYD 


Dose. Gr. x to Rij purge strongly; to produce 
its other effects, gr. ij to gr. iij three times a day. 
Seldom used in substance. 

HEPATICA. Liverwort. (H. Americana.) 

Demulcent, slightly tonic, astringent, diuretic, 
and deobstruent ; has no very active virtues. 

Use. In chronic coughs, hemoptysis, and hepatic 
affections. The empirical preparations.of this plant 
owe their efficacy to opium, which they contain in 
considerable quantities. 

HERACLEUM. Masterwort. (H. lanatum.) 

Stimulant, carminative. 

Use. In epilepsy, attended with flatulence and 
gastric disorder. 

Dose. Zij to Ziij of the powdered root daily, long 
continued, with a strong infusion of the leaves at 
bedtime. 

HEUCHERA. Alum Root. (H. Americana.) 

Very astringent. 

Use. Where astringents are indicated ; as a local 
application to ulcers and cancer ; also as a styptic. 

HUMULUS. Hops. (Z. lupulus.) 
' Narcotic, anodyne, diuretic. 

Use. In gout and rheumatism; under the form of 
infusion in the proportion of 3ss to Oj of boiling 
water; but the extract is preferable. The powder, 
formed into an ointment with lard, is said to ease 
the pain of open cancer. A pillow stuffed with hops 
is an old mode of procuring sleep in the wakeful- 
ness of delirious fever. Its power has been overrated. 

Dose. Gr. iij to jj united with Zss of cinnamon 
water, twice or thrive a day; of the infusion, Zjss. 

HYDRANGEA ARBORESCENS. Hydrangea. 

Proposed as a specific in gravel, or beginning of 
calculi. 

Dose, Fluid extract, Zi to Zij. 


HYD 83 


HYDRARGYRI CHLORIDUM CORROSIVUM. Cor- 
rosive Sublimate. 

Stimulant, antisyphilitic, alterative. 

Use. In venereal complaints with the greatest 
advantage, when a quick and general action is re- 
quired; but its effects are not permanent. In lepra, 
combined with antimonials; and in chronic rheu- 
matism. Dissolved in the proportion of gr. iij to 
water Oj, as a gargle in venereal sore throats ; and 
a little stronger we have found it useful as a gargle 
in breaking the abscess in cynanche tonsillaris. It 
is applied externally to tetters, and for destroying 
fungus; gr. iv in water Oj is a good wash in scabies. 
It may be given clysterwise, when the stomach will 
not bear it. Great caution is necessary in using it 
externally. 

Dose. Gr. 1-12 to 4, made into a pill: When 
swallowed as a poison, the best antidote is white of 
egg. (Orfila.) 

Incomp. Vide Liquor Bichloridi. 

HYDRARGYRI CHLORIDUM MITE. Chloride of 
Mercury, or Calomel. (A chloride by sublimation.) 
Calomelas. (In prescribing, it is perhaps safest to 
use the term Calomelas.) 

Antisyphilitic, alterative; in large doses purga- 
tive. 

Use. In venereal diseases and chronic hepatitis, 
combined with opium; in scrofula with cicuta; in 
convulsive affections with opium, camphor, as- 
safcetida, &c.; in dropsies with squill, foxglove, and 
elaterium ; and in rheumatism and lepra with anti- 
monials, guaiacum, and other sudorifics. As a pur- 
gative in any case not attended with intestinal 
inflammation; generally united with purgatives, as 
gamboge, scammony, jalap, or rhubarb. 

Dose. Gr.j to gr. ij, night and morning, in a pill; 


84 


HYD 


if it do not purge, it gradually excites ptyalism: gr. 
iij to gr. x purge. Children bear larger doses than 
adults proportionately. 

Incomp. Nitric and hydrochloric acids, alkalies 
and their carbonates, lime-water, soaps, sulphurets, 
iron, lead, copper. The bicarbonates of the alkalies 
do not decompose it. 


HYDRARGYRI IODIDUM VIRIDE. Iodide of Mer- 


cury. Protiodide of Mercury. 

Excitant, alterative. 

Use. In strumous affections and lepra: as an ex- 
ternal application. The iodides of mercury are 
among our most powerful alteratives, uniting in 
their effects the properties of both their constituents. 
They affect the mouth more speedily than other 
mercurials, and are particularly indicated in scrofula 
and secondary syphilis, in scrofulous habits. Ex- 
ternally, they are used successfully in ulcers, ill- 
conditioned sores, swelled joints, where we wish to 
promote the action of the absorbents ; and neuralgic 
affections 

Dose. Gr. } to gr. ij, in pill or dissolved in alco- 
hol. 


HYDRARGYRI IODIDUM RUBRUM. Red Iodide of 


Mercury. (Biniodide of Mercury.) 
Dose. Gr. 1-16 to 4. 


HYDRARGYRI OXYDUM NIGRUM. Black Oxide 


of Mercury. 

In scrofula, cutaneous affections, and as an altera- 
tive in venereal diseases. 

Dose. Gr. } to 4. 


HYDRARGYRI SULPHURETUM NIGRUM.  Sul- 


phuret of Mercury. Ethiops Mineral. 
Alterative. 
Use. In scrofula and cutaneous diseases. 
Dose. Gr. v to 38s. | 


e 


HYD 85 


HYDRARGYRI SULPHURETUM RUBRUM. Cin- 
nabar. 

Sometimes used in fumigation as a sialagogue. 

HYDRARGYRISULPHAS FLAVA. Yellow Sulphate 
of Mercury. (Turpeth Mineral.) 

Prop. A lemon- yellow powder, almost insoluble 
in water; entirely dissipated by heat, sulphuric acid 
being evolved, and metallic globules sublimed. 

HYDRARGYRUM AMMONIATUM. Ammonio-chlo- 
ride, or White Precipitated Mercury. White preci- 
pitate. (A binoxide, combined with bichloride of 
mercury and ammonia, forming a triple salt.) 

Detergent. 

Use. As an external application, united with lard, 
in scabies, and some other cutaneous affections. 
HYDRARGYRUM CUM CRETA. Mercury with Chalk. 
(A protoxide, formed by trituration with carbonate 
of lime. Take of Mercury Ziij, Prepared Chalk Zyv. 

Rub together till all the globules disappear.) 

Alterative, antisyphilitic. 

Use. In porrigo, and other cutaneous affections ; 
in venereal complaints its operation is so slow and 
weak as to merit no attention. An alterative in 
visceral diseases of children, especially in chronic 
diarrhoea and cholera infantum. 

Dose. Gr. v to 38s, twice a day, in any viscid 
substance. 

Incomp. Acids and acidulous salts. 

HYDRARGYRUM CUM MAGNESIA. Mercury with 
Magnesia. (A protoxide, formed by trituration with 
carbonate of magnesia.) 

In every respect this preparation resembles the 
former; the employment of the carbonate of mag- 
nesia instead of chalk, does not alter the properties 
nor the virtues of the remedy. 

HYDRARGYRUM NITRICO-OXYDUM. MHydrargyri 

8 


86 ICH 


Oxydum Rubrum. Nitric Oxide of Mercury. Red 
Oxide of Mercury. Red Precipitate. 

Stimulant, escharotic. 

Use. In the proportion of gr. ss to sugar gr. iv, 
it is blown into the eye to remove specks on the 
cornea; applied to chancres and foul ulcers, to 
cleanse and stimulate them, either sprinkled on the 
part in fine powder, or united with lard into an 
ointment. 

HYDRASTIS CANADENSIS. Yellow Root. 

Tonic, astringent. 

Use. In infusion, as collyria, to old ulcers, in 
gonorrhea, gleet, &c. 

Dose. Iujection of infusion. (3ss Hydrastis, in 
powder, Z viii Cold Water) four or five times a day, 
after urination, in gonorrhoea and gleet. £3) of 
fluid extract, in dyspepsia, &c. 

HYPERICUM PERFORATUM. | St. Johnswort. 

Astringent. 

Used in domestic practice in doses of 3ij of the 
summits. 

HYOSCYAMI FOLIA ET SEMINA. Henbane Leaves 
and Seeds. (H. niger.) 

Narcotic, anodyne, antispasmodic, slightly stimu- 
lant. 

Use. In epilepsy, hysteria, palpitation, palsy,¢ 
mania, and scirrhus, as a substitute for opium to 
procure sleep in nervous habits, pertussis, asthma, 
catarrh, gout, rheumatism, externally as a cataplasm 
in cancer and glandular swellings; and to dilate the 
pupil, or in fine powder sprinkled in cancerous 
sores, to allay pain. 

Dose. Gr. iij to gr. x of the powder; but gener- 
ally the extract is preferred. 

_ICHTHYOCOLLA. Isinglass. Sounds of the swim- 
- ming bladders of fishes, as the Weak Fish and Cod, 
but especially the different species of sturgeon. 


INF 87 


Nutritive, demulcent, externally adhesive. 

Use. As a diet for the sick and convalescent, 
and infants troubled with acidity of the prime vie. 
As an article of diet and in cholera infantum, far 
preferable to vegetable farinaceous substances, as 
arrow-root, &c. The English court-plaster is made 
with it. 

Incomp. Astringent vegetable infusions, carb- 
potash, alcohol. 

TLEX OPACA. American Holly. 

The bitter principle, ilisin, has been proposed as 
a substitute for quinia. 

IMPATIENS FULVA. Touch-me-not. 

An ointment made by boiling the plant in lard, 
used in piles. 

INFUSUM ANGUSTURA. Infusion of Cusparia. 
(Cusparie Cort. contusi Z3v, Aquz Fervent. Oj. 
Macerate for two hours and strain.) 

Tonic, antiseptic. 

Use. In febrile diseases, obstinate bilious diar- 
rhea, and dysentery, after proper evacuations. 

Dose. f£3j to fZij three or four times a day. 

Incomp. Infusion of galls, and of catechu; tartar 
emetic; sulphates of iron and of zinc; nitrate of sil- 
ver, bichloride of mercury, acetates of lead. 

INFUSUM ANTHEMIDIS. Infusion of Chamomile. 
(Anthemidis 3v, Aq. Fervent. Oj. Macerate for 
ten minutes in a covered vessel and strain.) 

Tonic, emetic when taken warm. 

Use. The cold infusion in dyspepsia, hysteria, 
and other complaints attended with debility of the 
stomach ; the warm is employed either alone to ex- 
cite gentle vomiting, or to assist the operation of 
other emetics. 

Dose. £3j to fZij. 

Incomp. Isinglass; infusions of yellow cinchona; 


88 INF 


solutions of sulphate of iron, nitrate of silver, bi- 
chloride of mercury, acetates of lead. 

INFUSUM ARMORACLAI. Infusion of Horse-radish. 
(Armor. concise, Sinapis contusi, sing. Zj. Spiritus 
Armoracize Comp. f£Zj, Aque Ferv. Oj. Macerate 
for two hours in a covered vessel, then strain, and 
add the Spir. Armoraciz Comp.) 

Stimulant, diuretic. 

Use. In paralysis, scorbutus, chronic rheumatism, 
and dropsies occurring after intermittents. 

Dose. £3j to fZiij three or four times a day. 

Incomp. Carbonate of alkalies, bichloride of mer- 
cury, nitrate of silver, infusion of galls, and of cin- 
chona. 

INFUSUM BUCHU. (Foliorum Diosme 3j, Aquz 
Ferventis Oj. Digest for four hours, and strain 
through cloth.) 

Stimulant, diuretic. 

Use. In chronic inflammation of the mucous 
membrane of the bladder. 

Dose. £3j to fZij twice or thrice a day. 

INFUSUM COLOMBAs. Infusion of Calumba. (Ca- 
lumbe concise 3v, Aque Ferv. Oj. Macerate for 
two hours in a slightly covered vessel, and strain.) 

Tonic without stimulating ; antiseptic. 

Use. In dyspepsia and. cholera, the vomiting of 
which it checks; in bilious remittent fever; to check 
the nausea and vomiting of pregnancy; and the 
severe diarrhcea and vomiting often attending den- 

- tition; in the hectic of phthisis, to correct acrimony, 

- and strengthen the digestion; and in the low state 
of puerperal fever. 

Dose. f3Zjss to fZij three or four times a day. 

Incomp. Antimonii potassio-tartras, hydrargyri 
bichloridum, nitras argenti, acetas plumbi; infusion 
of cinchona, 


. 


INF 89 


INFUSUM CARYOPHYLLI. Infusion of Cloves. 
(Caryophyl. contus. Ziij, Aq. Fervent. Oj. Mace- 
rate in a covered vessel for two hours, and strain.) 

Stimulant, tonic, stomachic. 

Use. In atonic gout, when the stomach is affected ; 
and flatulent colic. 

Dose. f3Zjss to f£Zij three or four times a day. 

Incomp. Sulphas ferri; sulphas zinci; antimonii 
potassio-tartras; nitras argenti; acetas plumbi; in- 
fusion of cinchona. 

INFUSUM CASCARILLA. Infusion of Cascarilla. 
(Cascarilla Cort. cont. Ziss, Aq. Ferv. Oj. Macerate 
for two hours in a covered vessel, and strain.) 

Tonic, stomachic. 

Use. In alvine fluxes, particularly after measles; 
in the aphtha gangrenosa of children. 

Dose. £Zjss tofZij for adults twice or thrice a day. 

Incomp. Infusions of galls, and yellow cinchona: 
lime-water; solutions of sulphate of iron, nitrate of 
silver, acetates of lead. 

INFUSUM CATECHU COMPOSITUM. Infusion of 
Catechu. (Catechu Extracti 37j, Cinnam. Cort. con- 
tusi 3j, Aque Fervent. Oj. Macerate for an hour, 
and strain.) 

Astringent, stomachic. 

Use. In diarrhoeas from a laxity of the bowels. 

Dose. f£3j to fZij every three hours, or after 
every loose stool. 

Incomp. Tartar emetic, sulphate of iron, sulphate 
of zinc, solution of isinglass, infusion of cinchona, 
the strong acids, bichloride of mercury. 

INFUSUM CINCHONZ. Infusion of Cinchona. 
(Cinch. Crot. contusi 3j, Aque Ferv. Oj. Macerate 
for six hours, and strain. L. The Comp. Inf. of 
Per. Bark of the U. S. Phar. is prepared in the same 
manner, adding 3j aromatic sulphuric acid.) 

8 


90 


* 


INF 


Tonic, stomachic. 

Use. In dyspepsia and convalescence. 

Dose. f£%j to fZij united with some aromatic 
tincture, or a mineral acid three or four times a day. 

Incomp. Tartar emetic, sulphates of iron and of 
zinc, nitrate of silver and bichloride of mercury, 
acetates of lead. Decoction of gall, lime-water, 
carbonates of alkalies, and infusions of almost all 
the vegetable bitters. 


INFUSUM CINCHONA *CUM SUCCO LIMONUM. 


Infusion of Cinchona with lemon juice. (Cinchonz 
in pulvere Zj, Succi Limonum fZij, Tinct. Camph. 
Comp. fZiij, Aquz Frigide Oj. Macerate for twelve 
hours in a covered vessel, and strain.) 

Use. In cases requiring bark, attended with 
great irritability of stomach. 

Dose. £3j,t0 £334. 


INFUSUM DIGITALIS. Infusion of Foxglove. (Di- 


gitalis Fol. exsiccat. 3j, Spir. Cinnamomi 3j, Aq. 
Ferv. Oj. Macerate for four hours, strain.) 

Diuretic, sedative. 

Use. In dropsies, humoral asthma, phthisis pul- 
monalis; and in diseases of increased action. 

Dose. £3ss to fZj every eight or ten hours, till 
it affects the kidneys, the pales stomach, or bowels; 
and then stopped. 

Incomp. Sulphas ferri, acetas plumbi; infusion 
of yellow cinchona. 


INFUSUM EUPATORII. Infusion of Thoroughwort. 


(RK. Of Thoroughwort, the dried herb, 3j, Boiling 
Water Oj. Macerate two hours in a covered vessel, 
and strain.) 
Cold tonic; when warm, diaphoretic, emetic. 
Use. As a diaphoretic, in catarrh and colds, 
drank freely, warm. The cold infusion is an excel- 
lent mild tonic in dyspepsia and intermittents. 


INF OR 


Dose. £3} to fZij three or four times a day. 

INFUSUM GENTIANA COMPOSITUM. Compound 
Infusion of Gentian. (Gentiane Rad. concise, Au- 
rantii cort. exsic., sing. 3ij, Limonis cort. recent. 
giv, Aq. Ferv. Oj.) 

Tonic, stomachic. 

Use. In dyspepsia and chlorosis, united with 
chalybeates, or with alkalies; diarrhoea and gout, 
with absorbents and aromatic tinctures; and in 
dropsy, with squill and neutral salts. 

Dose. f3Zjss to fZij three times a day. 

Incomp. Acetates of lead. 

INFUSUM KRAMERIA. Infusion of Rhatany. 
(Krameriz 3h; Aquz dest. ferv. Oj. Macerate for 
four hours in a covered vessel and strain.) 

Tonic, astringent. 

Use. In chronic diarrhcea; as a gargle in relax- 
ation of the uvula. 

Dose. fZiss to fZij. 

INFUSUM LINI. Infusion of Linseed. (Lini Sem. 
contus. 3vj, Glycyrrh. Rad. con. Zij, Aque ferv. 
Oj. Macerate for four hours, near the fire, and 
strain.) 

Demulcent. 

Use. Incatarrh, pneumonic affections, strangury, 
gonorrhcea; and after operations on the urethra or 
the bladder. 

Dose. A teacupful ad libitum. 

Incomp. Alcohol, acetates of lead. 

INFUSUM HUMULI. Infusion of Hop. (Lupuli 3vj, 
Aque dest. ferv. Oj. Macerate for four hours, and 
strain.) 

Tonic, lightly narcotic. 

Dose. £3j to fZij. 

INFUSUM PRUNI VIRGINIANA. Infusion of Wild 
Cherry Bark. . (Take of Wild Cherry Bark, bruised, 


92 INF 


3ss, Cold Water Oj. Macerate for twenty-four 
hours, and strain.) 

Tonic, and antispasmodic, narcotic. 

Use. Asa tonic, where there is much nervous 
excitability, with a debilitated condition of the 
stomach and bowels, together with general or local 
irritation. Improves the appetite, induces sleep, 
calms nervous irritability, and allays the action of 
the heart and arteries. Highly useful in the hectic 
fever of scrofula and consumption, dyspepsia, in- 
termittents, &c. 

Dose. £Zij to f Ziij three or four times a day. 

INFUSUM QUASSLA. Infusion of Quassia. (Quas- 
sie concise ij, Aque Ferv. Oj. Macerate for 
two hours, and strain.) Cold water often prefer- 
able. 

Tonic, antiseptic. 

Use. In bilious fevers, united with alkaline salts ; 
hysteria, with camphor and tincture of valerian ; 
gout, with aromatics and ginger ; and in dyspepsia, 
with sulphate of zinc, or with mineral acids. 

Dose. f3j to fZij twice or thrice a day. 

Incomp. Acetas plumbi, nitras argenti. 

INFUSUM RHEI. Infusion of Rhubarb. (Rhei con- 
Cisi, 3iij, Aq. Ferv. Oj. Macerate for two hours in 
a covered vessel and strain.) 

Purgative, stomachic. 

Use. In costiveness; and, united with ginger and 
aromatics, in diarrhceas from weakness of the 
bowels. 

Dose. £3j to fZiij, united with neutral salts; 
fZss with tinct. of cinnamon, where its stomachic 
effect only is required. 

Incomp. Solution of isinglass, infusion of yellow 
cinchona, all the strong acids, nitrate of silver, bi- 
chloride of mercury, acetates of lead, sulphate of 
iron, tartar emetic, magnesia. 


INF oa 


INFUSUM ROSA COMPOSITUM. Infusion of the 
Rose. (Rosz Gallic Petal. exsicc. -Ziij, Aque 
Ferventis Oj, Acidi Sulph. dilut. fZjss, Sacch. Purif. 
3vj. After pouring the water on the petals, in a 
glass vessel, add the acid, and macerate for half an 
hour; then strain, and add the sugar.) 

Sub-astringent, refrigerant. 

Use. In the colliquative sweats of phthisis ; and, 
with additional acid and some niter, in uterine and 
pulmonary hemorrhages; topically as a gargle in 
cynanche tonsillaris. The infusion is an elegant 
vehicle for many active remedies, particularly sul- 
phate of magnesia, the nauseous taste of which it 
covers. 

Dose. fZiss to Oss every three or four hours. 

Incomp. Sulphates of iron and of zinc, alkalies, 
earths. 

INFUSUM SARSAPARILLA. Infusion of Sarsapa- 
rilla. (Rad. Sarsaparilla, previously washed in cold 
water and sliced, 3j, Aque dest. by measure 1bj, 
Macerate for twelve hours in a closed vessel, occa- 
sionally agitating, then strain.) 

Use. The same as the decoction. 

Dose. f Ziv, twice a day. 

INFUSUM SENNA. Infusion of Senna. (Senne 
Fol. Zxv, Zingiberis con. Riv, Aque Ferv. Oj. 
Macerate for an hour in a covered vessel, and 
strain.) 

Purgative. 

Use. In costiveness, and to move the bowels in 
acute diseases: the ginger counteracts the griping 
quality of the senna. It is generally united with 
neutral purgative salts and manna. 

Dose. 1 Zh to f Ziv: 

Incomp. The same as of infusion of serpentaria, 
and also all salts having potassa for a base. 


94 INU 


INFUSUM SERPENTARIA. Infusion of Virginia 
Snake Root. (Serpentariz Ziv, Aque dest. Fervent. 
Oj. Macerate in a covered vessel for four hours, 
and strain.) 

Excitant, diaphoretic. 

Dose. £3j to f3ij. 

Incomp. Strong acids, lime-water, the alkaline 
carbonates, solutions of nitrate of silver, bichloride 
of mercury, acetates of lead, tartarized antimony, 
and infusion of yellow cinchona. 

INFUSUM SPIGELIA. Infusion of Pink Root. (R. 
Root 3ss, Boiling Water Oj. Macerate two hours.) 
f Zj to Z viij. 

INFUSUM TABACTL. Infusion of Tobacco. (Tabaci 
fol. 3j, Aque Ferv. Oj. Macerate for an hour in 
a covered vessel, and strain.) 

Sedative, antispasmodic. 

Use. As a clyster in ileus, colica pictonum, 
strangulated hernia, and retention of urine from 
spasm of the urethra. It is, however, a very dan- 
gerous remedy, and not over one-third of Oj should 
be administered at once, 

INFUSUM ULMI. Infusion of Slippery-Elm Bark. 
(R. Bark of Slippery-Elm 3j, Boiling Water (j. 
Macerate for two hours.) 

INFUSUM VALERIAN. Infusion of Valerian. 
(Valeriane Ziv, Aque Ferv. Oj. Macerate for half 
an hour, and, when cold, strain.) 

Tonic, antispasmodic. 

Use. In hysteria, when the stomach will not bear 
the powder. 

Dose. fZiss to fZij twice or thrice a day. 

Incomp. Nitrate of silver, sulphate of iron, infu- 
sion of yellow cinchona. 

INULA. Elecampane. (J. helenium.) 

Tonic, diuretic, expectorant. 


IPE 95. 


Use. In dyspepsia, paralysis, dropsies, asthma. 

Dose.. jj to 3j in powder. . 

IODINIUM. Iodine. 

Stimulant, absorbent, emmenagogue, alterative. 

Use. In bronchocele and other glandular swell- 
ings, not of schirrhous nature, scrofula, dropsy, cu- 
taneous diseases, secondary syphilis, rheumatism, 
gout, hepatitis: to bring on menstruation in young 
females in whom it has not occurred; to assist the 
cicatrization of venereal ulcers. 

Dose. From gr. 1-6 to gr. iv, made into pills with 
crumbs of bread. 

IODO-HYDRARGYRATE OF POTASSIUM.  (Iod. 
Potass. grs. iiiss, Biniodide Mercury grs. ivss, 
Aqua destil. fZj. Dissolve first the red Iod. 
Merc., then the lod. Potass.—This solution contains 
grs. Vili.) 

Use. In pulmonary complaints, dyspepsia, amen- 
orrhea, &c. Increases all the secretions. A most 
admirable remedy. 

Dose. 2 to 10 drops of the solution three times 
a day, in syr. sarsaparilla. 

IPECACUANHA RADIX. Ipecacuan Root. (Cepha- 
lis Ipecac.) 

Emetic in large doses; sudorific, expectorant, in 
smaller. 

Use. To produce vomiting in the commencement 
of fevers, phthisis, inflammatory diseases, buboes, 
swelled testicles, and before the paroxysms of ague ; 
to excite nausea in dysentery, asthma, pertussis, 
hemorrhages, pneumonia, and combined with opi- 
um, to produce diaphoresis in rheumatism, gout, 
and febrile disorders. 

Dose. For the first intention, gr. xx, alone, or 
united with tartar emetic gr. j; for the second, gr. 
j to gr. iij; and the third, gr. ij to gr. vj, with 
opium gr. j. 


96 JUN 


Incomp. Vegetable acids, astringent vegetable 
infusions. 

IRIS. FLORENTINA. Florentine Orris. 

Peculiar fragrant odor, bitterish, acrid taste. 

Oper. Cathartic, emetic, diuretic. 

Use. In dropsy; but chiefly used for its fragrance 
in tooth-powder, to correct an offensive breath ; to 
keep up a discharge from issues in the form of small 
round balls. 

IRIS VERSICOLOR. Blue Flag. 

Cathartic, emetic, diuretic. 

Use. But seldom employed, owing to the dis- 
tressing nausea and prostration it occasions. 

Dose. Dried root, gr. x to gr. xx. 

JALAPA. Jalap. (lpomea jalapa.) 

Cathartic ; the resinous part gripes violently. 

Use. In costiveness, mania, worms, and as a 
hydragogue in dropsy. It is also a good adjunct to 
quicken the operation of the chloride of mercury, 
and other purgatives of slow operation. A drop of 
essential oil prevents its griping. 

Dose. Gr. x to 3ss in pills or a bolus. 

JUGLANS. Butternut. (J. cinerea.) 

Cathartic; operating without pain or irritation, 
resembling rhubarb. 

Use. In habitual costiveness ; fevers, combined 
with calomel; hepatic diseases with dandelion. 

Dose. Gr. xx to gr. xxx as apurge, gr. v, laxative. 

JUNIPERUS. Juniper Fruits and Tops. (J. com- 
MUNIS.) 

Diuretic, carminative, diaphoretic. 

Use. In dropsies; but they cannot be depended 
on alone, although they are an admirable adjunct to 
digitalis and squills. 

Dose. Jj to ss, triturated with sugar, three or 
four times a day. The best form of exhibiting the 


LAC 97 


fruit is an infusion made with Ziij bruised, and boil- 
ing water Oj. 
JUNIPERUS VIRGINIANA. Red Cedar. 

Stimulant, emmenagogue, diuretic, diaphoretic. 

Use. In amenorrhea, chronic rheumatism, drop- 
sy; externally, as an irritant ointment, made by 
boiling the fresh leaves in twice their weight of lard, 
and adding a little wax; or the dried leaves may 
be mixed with six times their weight of resin cerate. 
Applied to blistered surfaces to keep up a purulent 
discharge ; inferior to the savine. 

KALMIA LATIFOLIA. Mountain Laurel. 

Has been used in diarrhcea, syphilis, and cuta- 

neous eruptions; but is too dangerous. 
KINO. (Pterocarpus marsupium.) 

Astringent. 

Use. In obstinate chronic diarrhceas ; uterine, 
intestinal, and pulmonary hemorrhages, fluor albus. 

Dose. Gr. x to gr. xx in powder; or in solution 
of the powder 3j, mucilage of gum f3j, cinnamon 
water fZv; two tablespoonfuls occasionally. Vide 
Tinct. 

Incomp. The mineral acids, alkalies and their 
carbonates ; acetates of lead, nitrate of silver, tartar 
emetic, sulphate of iron, bichloride of mercury. 

KOOSO. Flowers of Brayera anthelmintica. 

An Abyssinian vermifuge of great repute. 

Dose. Zss to an adult, followed by a cathartic. 
KRAMERIA. Rhatany Root. (AK. triandra.) 

Astringent, diuretic, detergent. 

Use. In dysentery attended with bloody stools ; 
in ulceration of the gums, and as a stomachic in 
dyspepsia. 

Dose. ss to 3j in powder. 

LACTUCARIUM. 

Narcotic, diaphoretic. 

9 


98 LIM 


Use. In coughs, phthisis pulmonalis, and all pain- 
ful affections. 

Dose. From grs. ij to grs. vj. 

LACTUCA SATIVA. Garden Lettuce. 

The inspissated juice, called JLactucarium, is 
chiefly employed. 

Anodyne, sedative, narcotic; similar to opium. 

Dose. Grs. v to grs. xx. An uncertain medicine. 

LAPPA. Burdock. (LL. minor.) 

Aperient, diaphoretic. 

Dose. Of decoction. (Zij bruised root in Oiij 
water boiled to Oij.) Oj during the day. 

LAVANDULA. Lavender Flowers. (JL. vera.) 

Stimulant, slightly errhine. 

Use. When the oil is extracted and united with 
proof spirit, it is very useful in faintings, paralysis, 
and as an adjunct to stomachic bitters. The dried 
leaves were used, formerly, to produce a discharge 
from the mucous membrane of the nose, but are 
now neglected. 

LEONTICE THALICTROIDES. Blue Cohosh. 

Diuretic, diaphoretic, anthelmintic, exerts a spe- 
cial influence on the uterus. 

Useful in chronic uterine disease. 

Dose. Fluid extract, 15 to 40 drops. 

LEPTANDRA VIRGINICA. Culver’s Physic. 

Violent cathartic, emetic. 

LIATRIS SPICATA. Button Snakeroot. 

Diuretic, cholagogue, laxative. 

Dose. Fluid extract, 3j to Zij. 

LIMONES: SUCCUS, BACCA, CORTEX, OLEUM. 
Lemons: the bark, the juice, ‘and the oil. ( Citrus 
limonum. ) 

Juice refrigerant, antiseptic; bark and oil ex- 
citant. 

Use. The juice as a beverage, diluted with water, 


LIN 99 


and sweetened, is useful in febrile and inflamma- 
tory complaints, cooling and quenching thirst: alone 
or combined with wine, in scorbutus; with cam- 
phor mixture, decoction of cinchona, or wine, in 
putrid sore throats, remittent fevers, diabetes, and 
lienteria ; and with common salt, in dysentery and 
colics. 

Dose. fZij, or more, two or three times a day; 
diluted ad libitum. 

LINIMENTUM AMMONLA. Liniment of Ammonia. 
(Liquoris Ammoniz f3j, Olive Olei fZij. Shake 
them together until they mix.) A soap. 

Stimulant, rubefacient, diaphoretic. 

Use. In cynanche tonsillaris, spread on a piece 
of flannel, and applied around the throat. When 
the skin is very irritable, a larger proportion of oil 
is requisite. 

LINIMENTUM CALCIS. Liniment of Lime-water. 
(Olei Lini Usitat., Aque Calcis, utriusque partes 
sequales. Mix.) ‘A soap. 

Cooling, emollient. 

Use. To burns and scalds, spread thick upon lint, 
and applied over the affected parts. 

LINIMENTUM CAMPHORA. Camphor Liniment. 
(Camphore 3j, Olive OleifZiv. Dissolve.) 3j con- 
tains grs. xv of camphor. 

Stimulant, anodyne. © 

Use. To glandular swellings, sprains, bruises, and 
joints affected with chronic rheumatic pains; ap- 
plied by friction. 

LINIMENTUM CAMPHORA COMPOSITUM. Com- 
pound Camphor Liniment. (Camphore Zijss, Liq. 
Ammonie fZvijss, Spir. Lavandulz Oj.) 

Stimulant, anodyne, 

Use. To sprains, bruises, and chronic rheumatic 
pains. 


100 ‘ LIN 


Incomp. All acids, water. 

LINIMENTUM CANTHARIDIS. Liniment of Span- 
ish Flies. (R. Spanish Flies in powder 2), Oil of 
Turpentine Oss. Digest for three hours by means 
of a water-bath and strain.) 

LINIMENTUM HYDRARGYRI COMPOSITUM. Mer- 
curial Liniment. (Ung. Hydrarg. fort., Adipis, Pre- 
parate, sing. Ziv, Camphore 3j, Spir. Rect. f3j, 
Liquoris Ammonie fZiv. First rub the camphor 
with the spirit, then add the ointment and lard, and 
lastly, gradually, the solution.) 

Stimulant, discutient. 

Use. To parts affected with chronic venereal 
pains, nodes, and tophi; to indolent swellings, and 
to discuss collections of fluids; 3j rubbed on the 
affected parts night and morning. 

LINIMENTUM OPI. Liniment of Opium. (Linim. - 
Saponis fZvj, Opii Tinct. fZij. Mix.) 

Use. To allay pains; and to procure sleep, when 
opium cannot be taken into the stomach. 

LINIMENTUM SAPONIS CAMPHORATUM. Opo- 
deldoc. Compound Soap Liniment. (Saponis Duri 
Ziij, Camphore 3j, Spir. Rosmarini fZxvj.) 

Stimulant, anodyne. : 

Use. Against local pains; rubbed on the part. 
With the addition of Tincture of Spanish Flies, and 
of opium, this liniment is of great use in aliaying 
the violent pains of colic, and procuring sleep. 

LINIMENTUM TABACI. Liniment of Tobacco. (Ta- 
baci concisi 3j, Adipis bj. Simmer the tobacco in 
the lard over a gentle fire until it becomes crisp, 
and strain.) 

Stimulant, narcotic. 

Use. In tinea capitis, scabies, hemorrhoids. 

LINIMENTUM TEREBINTHINA. Turpentine Lini- 
iment. (Saponis 3ij, Camphore 3j, Ol. Tere- 


LIQ : 101 


binthine fZxvj. Melt the cerate, and stir in 
the oil.) 

Stimulant. 

Use.’ To burns. 

LINUM. Flaxseed. (L. usitatissiémum.) 

Demulcent, emollient. 

Use. In catarrh, dysentery, strangury, &c., as 
enema and as poultice. 

Dose. Of decoction, ad libitum. 

LIQUOR ALUMINIS COMPOSITUS. Compound 
Solution of Alum. (Alum, Zinci Sulphas, 44 3), 
Water Oiij.) 

A powerful astringent. 

Use. To foul ulcers. In gleet and leucorrhea. 
As collyrium fZss to fZviss Rose Water. 

LIQUOR AMMONIA. Solution of Ammonia... (Am- 
monize Hydrochloratis 3x, Calcis Zviij, Aque Oij.) 

Stimulant, antacid, rubefacient. 

Use. Largely diluted, in asphyxia, acidities of the 
prime vie, and in hysteria; externally it is applied 
to the nostrils in faintings; a rag moistened with it 

-and laid over the scrobiculus cordis, sometimes 

raises an instantaneous blister, and always proves 
useful in spasms and gout of the stomach. A lini- 
ment composed of camphor 3j dissolved in olive oil 
fZj and liq. ammon. fZij, is an excellent applica- 
tion to parts affected with deep-seated inflamma- 
tion. (Granville’s Lotion.) 

Dose. tv to Mxxx, diluted with water or milk. 

Incomp. All the metallic salts; the acids; sul- 
phas aluminis, 

LIQUOR AMMONIA ACETATIS. Solution of Ace- 
tate of Ammonia. Spirit of Mindererus. (Ammo- 
nize Sesquicarbonatis Zivss, Aceti Destillati Oiv, or 
add the salt till the acid be saturated.) 

Sudorific; externally, cooling, astringent. 

g* 


102 LIQ 


Use. Diluted, in febrile and inflammatory com- 
plaints; as a lotion in inflamed surfaces, sprains, 
and fractures; diluted with rose-water, a good col- 
lyrium ; and still more diluted, an injection in the 
commencement of gonorrheea. 

Dose. £3ij to fZxij every three or four hours. 

Incomp. Acids, alkalies, nitras argenti. 

LIQUOR ARSENICI ET HYDRARGYRI IODIDI. 
Solution of Iodide of Arsenic and Mercury. Dono- 
van’s Solution. (Iodide of Arsenic, Red Iodide of 
Mercury, 44 xxxv grs., Distilled Water Oss. Rub 
the iodides with fZss of water; when dissolved add 
the rest, boil, and filter.) 

Alterative in skin diseases. 

Dose. 5 to 10 drops, 3 times a day. 

LIQUOR BARII CHLORIDI. Solution of Chloride 
of Barium. 

Deobstruent and anthelmintic. 

Use. In cancer and scrofula. 

Dose. 5 drops, cautiously increased. 

LIQUOR CALCIS. Lime-water. (Lime Ziv, Water 
one gallon. Stir together, and decant when clear.) 

Antacid, tonic, astringent. 

Used with two parts of milk in dyspepsia. 

LIQUOR CALCIS. Solution of Lime. (Calcis lbss, 
Aquee Destillate Oxij. Add a little of the water to 
the lime, and when slaked add the remainder, and 
shake them together; then cover the vessel, and let 
it stand three hours; then bottle it, lime and water, 
in stopped bottles; and when it is to be used, take 
the clear solution.) Aqua Calcis. 

Antacid, anthelmintic; externally, detergent. 

Use. Diarrhoea, diabetes, fluor albus; dyspepsia, 
when much acid is in the stomach; in slimy bowels 
and worms; externally as a lotion to foul and can- 
cerous ulcers; also in tinea capitis and scabies, but 
with little advantage. 


LIQ 103 


Dose. £3j to fZvj with milk. When long used in 
dyspepsia, it should be discontinued at intervals. 

Incomp. Acids, alkaline carbonates, tartar emetic, 
barytes, tartrates, and citrates. Infusions of orange- 
peel, calumba, cinchona, rhubarb, and senna. 

LIQUOR CALCIL CHLORIDI. Solution of Chloride 
of Calcium. (Chloridi Calcis Ziv, Aqua Dest. f3 xij. 
Or, take of Marble in fragments Zix, Muriatic Acid 
Oj, Distilled Water a sufficient quantity. Mix the 
acid with Oss distilled water, and gradually add the 
marble. Toward the close of the effervescence, ap- 
ply a gentle heat; and when the action has ceased, 
pour off the clear liquor and evaporate to dryness. 
Dissolve the residuum in its weight and a half of 
distilled water, and filter the solution.) 

Use. The same as the chloride. 
Dose. xl to fZij. 

LIQUOR IODINIT COMPOSITUS. Compound Solu- 
tion of the Iodide of Potassium. (Iodide of Potas- 
sium ten grains, Iodine five grains, Distilled Water 
one pint. Mix and dissolve. Or, RK. .odine Zvj, 
Iodide of Potasssium Zjss, Distilled Water Oj. Dis- 
solve.) 

Prop. Brown color; smell, taste, and reaction 
upon starch, the same as iodine. 

Use. In scrofulous affections, bronchocele, and 
secondary syphilis. 

Dose. From mij to mvi. 

LIQUOR LABARRAQUIL CHLORO-SODICUS. 
Chloro-Sodaic Solution of Labarraque. (Dissolve 
gr. 2187-5 of pure crystallized carbonate of soda in 
fZxx of distilled water, and saturate the solution 
with chlorine gas ) 

Antiseptic, astringent, tonic. 

Use. For disinfecting foul air, destroying animal 
putrefaction; an excellent lotion for chilblains, fetid 
ulcers, and gangrenous sores; and the best lotion 


104 LIQ 


in ptyalism yet discovered. Internally in dysen- 
tery. 

‘Dow From xx to fZj in a cupful of water ; for 
a lotion or gargle, f3xij in fZ vj of distilled water. 

LIQUOR MAGNESIA CITRATIS. Solution of Ci- 
trate of Magnesia. (Carb. Magnes. 3v, Citric Acid 
Zviiss, Syrup of Citric Acid fZij, Water q.s. Dis- 
solve the acid in f Ziv water, and add Ziv carbonate, 
previously rubbed with fZiij water. Filter into a 
3Zxii strong glass bottle, into which the syrup was 
previously introduced. Rub the remaining carb. 
magnes. with f3Zij water, pour it in the bottle, and 
cork tightly.) 

A cooling cathartic. 
Dose. fZxii or fZvi as a laxative. 

LIQUOR MORPHIA ACETATIS. Solution of Ace- 
tate of Morphia. (Take of Acetate Morphia grs. 
xvj, Distilled Water fZvj, Dilute Acetic Acid f3ij. 
Mix.) ' 

Use. The same as that of the solid acetate. 

Dose. From mvj to mM xxxvj in any bland vehicle. 

*,* The addition of the acid prevents the decom- 
position of the acetate, which always occurs when 
the solid acetate is dissolved in water. 

LIQUOR MORPHIA SULPHATIS. Solution of Sul- 
phate of Morphia (8 grs. to Oss Water). 

Dose. £3} to fZij, containing } to} gr. Magen- 
die’s solution contains 16 grs. to f3}. 

LIQUOR PLUMBISUBACETATIS. Solution of Sub- 
acetate of Lead. 

LIQUOR PLUMBI SUBACETATIS. Solution of Suba- 
cetate of Lead. (Plumbi Acetatis Ibij.et Ziij, Plumbi 
Oxydi in puly. triti. Ibj et Ziv, Aqua Ovj. Boil for 
half an hour, occasionally stirring, and when the 
solution cools, make up the quantity to Ovj; strain.) 

Externally, cooling, astringent, discutient. 
Use. Diluted with forty times its quantity of dis- 


LIQ 105 


tilled water, it is a useful application to phlegmon- 
ous inflammations and burns; and, still more di- 
luted, it forms a good collyrium, and a wash for the 
mouth in salivation. 

Incomp. Mucilaginous solutions or decoctions ; 
common pump water. 

LIQUOR POTASS AL. Solution of Potash. (Potasse 
Carbonatis 5xv, Calcis 3 viij, Aque Dest. Ferv. con- 
gium. Dissolve the alkali in cong. ss of the water, 
sprinkle a little water on the lime to slake it, and 
add the rest of the water. Mix the whole; set the 
mixture aside in a close vessel, and, when it is cold, 
decant, and keep the decanted fluid in well-stopped 
phials of green glass.) 

Lithontriptic in some cases; antacid; diuretic; 
externally escharotic, stimulant. 

Use. The reputation of alkalies in calculus is not 
so high as formerly: potassa acts on uric calculi, 
and therefore may be useful in nephritic calculus ; 
but its chief use is in preventing the formation of. 
uric acid. It neutralizes acids in the stomach, and 
allays irritability of that organ; it is useful in lepra 
vulgaris, psoriasis, and some other cutaneous com- 
plaints. Hxternally, diluted as a lotion in rachitis 
and gouty swellings. 

Dose. x to fZj in chicken broth or beer, three 
or four times a day. When used to counteract acid- 
ity, a bitter should be united to it. 

Incomp. Acids, metallic salts, sesquicarbonate, 
acetate, and hydrochlorate of ammonia, chloride 
and bichloride of mercury. 

LIQUOR POTASSA ARSENITIS. Arsenical Solu- 
tion. (Arseniosi Acidi in frustula triti, Potassa 
Carbonatis, sing. grs. Ixxx, Aq. Destil. Oj. Boil 
them together in a glass vessel until the arsenious 
acid is dissolved. When the solution is cold, add 


™ 


106 LIQ 


Spir. Lavand. Comp. fZv, and as much distilled 
water as will make up the whole to one pint.) 

Tonic, antiperiodic. 

Use. The same as the arsenious acid; in pro- 
tracted rheumatism, where there is much debility, 
and the joints much affected. 

Dose. MW iv gradually increased to mx twice a day. 

Incomp. Mineral acids, hydrosulphuric acid, acid- 
ulous salts, hydrosulphates and sulphurets, salts of 
calcium, lime-water, alum, salts of magnesia, salts 
of iron, silver, and copper, decoction and tincture 
of cinchona. 

LIQUOR POTASSA CARBONATIS. . Solution of 
Carbonate of Potassa. (Potasse Carbonatis Zxx, 
Aque Destillate Oj.) Dissolve and strain. 

Antacid, diuretic. 

Use. In ‘acidity of the stomach: most adv antage- 
ous when united with myrrh. (RK. Pulv. Myrrhe 
3j, Liq. Potassee Carbonatis fZiv. Infuse for four 
days, filter through paper, and give it in the same 
doses as the liquor.) 

Dose. xX to fZj in any bitter infusion. 

LIQUOR POTASS A! CITRATIS. U.S. Neutral Mix- 
ture. (RK. Fresh Lemon Juice Oss, Carbonate Po- 
tasse q. s.; saturate ) 

LIQUOR SODA CHLORINATA. Solution of Chlo- 
rinated Soda. (Sod Carbonatis lbj, Aq. Dest. 
fZxlviij, Sodii Chloridi Ziv, Manganesii Binoxydi 
3iij, Acidi Sulph. Ziv. Dissolve the carbonate of 
soda in one pint water, then put the chloride of so- 
dium and the binoxide of manganese in powder into 
a retort, and add the sulphuric acid, diluted with 
f Ziij of water, when cold. Apply heat, and trans- 
mit the chlorine through the solution of carbonate 
of soda.) 

Astringent, antiseptic. 


MAG 107 


Use. In typhus, or in other low fevers, largely di- 
luted; to destroy fetor and tendency to putrefaction 
in the bowels. A disinfecting agent. 

LIRIODENDRON. Tulip-Tree Bark. (L. tulipifera.) 

Tonic, diaphoretic, stimulant. 

Use. In intermittents, chronic rheumatism, dys- 
pepsia. 

Dose. Of the powders, 3ss to Zij. Infusion, f3j 
to f3ij 

LOBEL IA. Indian Tobacco. (L. inflata.) 

Emetic, purgative, expectorant, antispasmodic. 

Use. In the paroxysms of asthma; in croup, hoop- 
ing-cough. 

Dose. In powder, gr. iv to gr. xx; infusion, f3j, 
tincture Mxv to MWxxx. : 

LYCOPUS. Bugle Weed. (ZL. Virginicus.) 

Narcotic, tonic, diaphoretic. 

Use. In affections of the lungs, quiets irritation, 
allays cough, diminishes the pulse. 

Dose. Of the infusion, ad libitum. 

MAGNESIA. Magnesia. (Obtained from Carbonate 
of Magnesia, by exposure to a strong heat.) Mag- 
nesia Usta. 

Antacid; laxative when it meets with acids in 
the stomach. — 

Use. In heartburn, aphthe, and other acidities: 
preferable to chalk when the bowels are costive. 
Sometimes it is given in dysentery, combined with 
ipecacuanha and opium, and followed by successive 
draughts of lemonade. 

Dose. Grs. x to 3j occasionally in water or milk. 

Incomp. Acids, metallic salts; hydrochlorate of 
ammonia. 

MAGNESIA CARBONAS. (Prepared from Sulphate 
of Magnesia by Carbonate of Soda.) 

Antacid; laxative when it meets with acid. 


108 MAN 


Use. The same as that of magnesia; but, owing 
to the carbonic acid, it sometimes occasions un- 
pleasant distention. 

Dose, 38s to Zij in water. 

MAGNESIA SULPHAS. Sulphate of Magnesia. (Ob- 
tained from sea-water: magnesian limestone.) 

Purgative, diuretic. 

Use. In all cases which require purgatives. It 
operates without griping, and, when united with 
infusion of roses acidulated, will sit on the stomach 
when all other things are rejected. The less it is 
diluted, if a dranght of warm water be taken an 
hour afterward, the better and more easily it ope- 
rates. An adjunct to clysters. 

Dose. Zss to Zj. In clysters, Zjss to Ziij. 

Incomp. The’ tixed alkalies and their carbonates, 
lime-water, chloride of barium, nitrate of silver, 
acetates of lead. 

MAGNOLIA. Magnolia. (i: glauca, &c.) 

A gently stimulating aromatic tonic, and diapho- 
retic. 

Use. In intermittents, chronic rheumatism, and 
gastric debility. 

Dose. Of the powdered bark, 3ss to 3j often re- 
peated. The infusion is less efficient. 

MALVA. Common Mallow. (MMalva sylvestris.) 

Demulcent, similar to Linum. 

MANGANESII OXIDUM. Oxide of Manganese. 

Use. In syphilis, scurvy, itch, and porrigo. 

Dose. 3 to 20 grs. in pill, Ointment 3ij to 3j Lard. 

MANNA. Manna. (Ornus Europeu.) 

Laxative, apt to gripe. 

Use. As a purgative for children, who readily take 
it on account of its sweetness; but more generally 
it is used as an adjunct to other pargatives. 

Dose. 38s to 3ij alone, or dissolved in fluid pur- 
gatives. 


MEL 109 


MARANTA. Arrowroot. (A. arundinacea.) - 

When boiled with water or milk, it forms a mild, 
nutritious article of food, well adapted for infants 
and convalescents; a tablespoonful into Oj of water. 

MARRUBIUM. White Horehound. (MM. vulgare.) 

Tonic, diuretic, laxative, emmenagogue ? 

Use. In hysteria, chronic catarrh, and pituitous 
asthma; obstruction of the catamenia; seldom used. 

Dose. In powder ss to 3); of the expressed juice, 
fZss to fZjss; or of this infusion (Marrub. Fol. 3ss, 
Aque Ferv. Oj) a large glassful twice or thrice a 
day. 

MASTICHE. Mastich (resinous tears of Pistacia). 

Use. Formerly in place of turpentine—now chiefly 
in ethereal solution, to stop carious teeth. 

MATRICARIA. German Chamomile (flowers of &. 
Cham.). 
Similar to chamomile in effects. 
MATICO. (Piper angustifolium.) 
Aromatic, tonic, stimulant, styptic. 
Dose. 38s to 3ij, three times a day. 
MEL. Honey. 

Aperient, externally detergent; stimulant. 

Use. Seldom used internally as a medicine; but 
when freely eaten is apt to produce colic; exter- 
nally as an adjunct to gargles in cynanche tonsil- 
laris ; in aphthe ; sometimes applied to foul ulcers. 

MEL DESPUMATUM. Prepared Honey. (Take of 
Clarified Honey Oss, Diluted Alcohol Cj, Prepared 
Chalk Zss. Having mixed the honey and diluted 
alcohol, add the prepared chalk, and allow the mix- 
ture to stand for two hours, occasionally stirring it. 
Then heat it to ebullition, filter, and by means of a 
water-bath evaporate the clear liquor, so that when 
cold it may have the specific gravity 1°32.) 


MEL ROSA. Rose Honey. (Rose Gallic Exsiccat. 
10 


110 MEZ 


Zij, Aqua Ferv. Oss, Mellis Despum. Oij. Infuse 
fie roses six hours; add the strained liquor to the 
honey, and evaporate to a proper consistence in a 
water-bath.) 

Astringent, detergent. 

Use. Chiefly in gargles, in ulceration, and inflam- 
mation of the mouth and fauces (R. Mellis Rose 
3j, Acidi Hydrochlorici mxxx, Aque fZvj; forms 
a vood detergent in aphtha gangrenosa ; as a vehicle 
for other remedies in infantine diseases). 

MELISSA. Balm. (i. offcinalis.) 

Stomachic, diuretic. 

‘Use. Made into tea; it is used as diluent in fe- 
brile diseases, seldom used in substance. 

Dose. Of the powder, grs. x to Aij. 

MENTHA PIPERITA. Peppermint. 

Stomachic, carminative. 

Use. Vide under Oleum Menthe Piperitz. 

Dose. Grs. x to 3j; scarcely ever in substance. 

MENTHA VIRIDIS. Spearmint. 

Stomachic, carminative. 

Use. Vide under Oleum Menthe Viridis. An in- 
fusion of it is a good diluent in febrile diseases. 

Dose. Grs. x to 3}; scarcely ever used in sub- 
stance. 

MENYANTHES. Buck Bean. (I. trifoliata.) 

Tonic, diuretic, purgative; in large doses emetic. 

Use. In intermittents, arthritic and chronic rhu- 
matic affections, and in cachectic and herpetic dis- 
eases. 

Dose. ¥j to 3j of the dried Ped leaves; f 3j 
to f Zjss of the infusion. (Menyanth. fol. sic. "283, 
Aquee Oss.) 

MEZEREUM. Mezereon Bark. (Daphne mezereum.) 

Stimulant, diaphoretic, in large doses emetic. 

Use. In venereal diseases, but its efficacy is doubt- 


MIS 111 


ful. It is sometimes useful in the sequelz of sy- 
philis ; in chronic rheumatism, lepra and scrofulous 
swellings ; and chewing frequently thin slices of the 
recent root has been found useful in palsy of the 
tongue; externally, the fresh bark soaked in vine- 
gar is useful for keeping open issues. 

Dose. Of the powder gr. j, gradually increased to 
orn x. 

MISTURA AMMONIACI. Mixture of Ammoniac. 
(Ammoniaci 3v, Aque Oj. Rub the ammoniacum, 
adding the water gradually, until they are perfectly 
mixed.) 

Use. The same as of the ammoniacum. 

Dose. £3ss to £3) united with ipecacuanha, tinc- 
ture of squills, &c. 

Incomp. Bichloride of mercury, acetate of potassa, 
oxymel, ether, spirit of nitric ether. 

MISTURA AMYGDALA. Almond Mixture. (Con- 
fectionis Amygdale Zijss, Aq. Destillate Oj. Rub 
together, adding the water by degrees, and strain.) 
Or, take of Sweet Almonds 3ss, powdered Gum 
Arabic 38s, Sugar 3ij, Distilled Water Zviij. Mace- 
rate the Almonds in water, and having removed 
their external coat, beat them with the gum arabic 
and sugar, in a marble mortar, till they are thor- 
oughly mixed; then rub the mixture with the dis- 
tilled water gradually added, and strain. 

Demulcent, cooling; if the bitter almond be used, 
sedative. 

Use. In catarrh, gonorrhcea, strangury, hectic 
fever. 

Dose. £38 to Oss, ad libitum. 

Incomp. Acids, and all acidulous salts, spirit, 
tinctures, spirits of nitric ether, and common pump 
water. 

MISTURA ASSAFCTIDA. Mixture of Assafcetida. 


112 MIS 


(Assafcetide Zv, Aque Oj. Rub together, adding 
the water by degrees.) 

The same as of the gum resin. 

Use. In hysteria; and in spasmodic and convul- 
sive affections, when pills cannot be swallowed. As 
a clyster in the irritations of the bowels which occur 
during dentition, and those produced by ascarides 
and in ischuria. 

Dose. fZj to f3Zss frequently repeated during a 
paroxysm of hysteria, or the continuance of spasm. 

MISTURA’ CRETA. Chalk Mixture. (Crete p. 
3ss, Sacchari pur. Ziij, Mist. Acacia fZjss, Aqua 
Cinnamomi fZxviij. Mix.) 

Antacid, absorbent. 

Use. In acidities of the stomach, particularly 
those attending dentition, provided the bowels be 
kept open; in diarrhceas, united with opium and 
catechu. 

Dose. £Zj to fZij every three or four hours, or 
after every liquid motion. 

MISTURA FERRI COMPOSITA. Compound Mix- 
ture of Iron. (Myrrh cont. 3ij, Potassee Carb. 
3j, Aq. Rose fZxviij, Ferri Sulph. cont. Dijss, 
Spir. Myristicee fZj, Sacch. pur. Zij. Rub together 
the myrrh, carbonate of Potassa, and sugar; then 
add, while triturating, the rose-water, the spirit of 
nutmeg, and, lastly, the sulphate of iron. Pour 
the mixture directly into a glass bottle, and stop it 
close.) 

Tonic, emmenagogue. 

Use. In all cases in which preparations of iron 
are useful; particularly in hysteria, and chlorosis, 
depending on weak arterial action, after unloading 
the stomach and bowels. 

Dose. f Zj to f Zij twice or three times a day. 

dIncomp. Acids, vegetable astringents. 


MOS 113 


MISTURA GLYCYRRHIZ4# COMPOSITA. Brown 
Mixture. (Liquorice, Gum Arabic, and sugar aa 
38s, Water fZxii rubbed together; add Tinct. Opii 
Camph. fZij, Vin. Antint. f3j, Sp. Eth. Nit. f 3ss.) 

Dumulcent, narcotic, expectorant. 

Use. A popular cough mixture. 

Dose. A tablespoonful, p. r. n. 

MONARDA. Horsemint. (IM. punctata.) 

Stimulant, carminative. 

Use. In flatulent colic, and sick stomach. 

MORPHIA. Morphia. 

Narcotic, excitant. 

Use. Chiefly to prepare the more soluble salts. 
Dissolved in oil, and rubbed upon the skin, it pro- 
duces narcotic effects. 

MORPHLA ACETAS. Acetate of Morphia. 

Narcotic. 

Dose. From } of grain to gr. +: endermically, gr. 
ss to grs. iij to the skin, where the cuticle has been 
removed by a blister. 

MORPHIA MURIAS. Muriate of Morphia. 

As a narcotic, it is preferable to the acetate. 

Dose. Gr. t. 

MORPHI4 SULPHAS. Sulphate of Morphia. 

Powerfully narcotic and sedative. 

Use. In all cases requiring the use of opium. 

Dose. From gr. ¢ to gr. 4. 

*,* It is distinguished from sulphate of quinia, 
which it resembles, by becoming red when treated 
with concentrated nitric acid. 

MOSCHUS. Musk. 

Stimulant, antispasmodic, diaphoretic. 

Use. In spasmodic affections, as hysteria, sin- 
gultus, pertussis, trismus, and epilepsy. In typhus 
attended with subsultus tendinum; in cholera it 
checks the vomiting ; “sah it arrests the progress of 

10 


114 NAP 


gangrene. It raises the pulse and excites the ner- 
vous system without heating. 

Dose. Grs. ij to 38s, every three or four hours. 

MUCILAGO ACACIA. Mucilage of Gum Arabic. 
(Ziv of Pulv. Acacia to Oss Boiling Water) 3ss of 
gum in each fZ—fZss sufficient for a Zvi or 3 viij 
mixture. 

MUCILAGO TRAGACANTHA. Mucilage of Traga- 
canth. (Gummi Astragali Tragacanthz Triti Zij, 
Aq. Bull. fZviij. Macerate for twenty-four hours, 
then triturate till the gum is.dissolved, and press 
through linen cloth.) 

‘'Use. In pharmaceutical purposes. 

MUCUNA. Cowhage. (JZ. pruriens.) 

Vermifuge. 

Dose. Mixed with molasses, a teaspoonful to a 
tablespoonful every morning for three days, fol- 
lowed by a cathartic. 

MYRISTICA. Nutmegs, Mace, and the Essential Oil. 
(M. moschata.) 

Stimulant, stomachic, narcotic in large doses. 

Use. To relieve nausea and vomiting, and to 
check diarrhoea ; but chiefly to give flavor to other 
remedies. Being narcotic, they are hurtful in 
apoplectic and paralytic habits. 

Dose. Of the nutmeg and mace, grs. v to Wj; of 
the oil, mj to NV). 

MYRRHA. Myrrh. (Balsamodendron myrrha.) 

Stimulant, expectorant. 

Use. In cachectic complaints, humoral asthma, 
chronic catarrh and phthisis pulmonalis unattended 
by hectic or much active infiammation. 

Dose. Grs. x to Zj in powder, united with niter, 
camphor, sulphate of potassa, sulphate of zinc, or 
of iron. 

NAPHTHA. Petroleum. 


OLE 115 


Use. A stimulating antispasmodic and sudorific, 
given in disorders of the chest, especially in the 
West Indies; for the tape-worm in Germany, by 
mixing one part petroleum with one and a half 
parts Tinct Assafcetida, of which 40 drops are given 
three times a day. Latterly recommended highly 
in the cure of consumption. Also in cutaneous 
diseases. 

Dose. Mix ')j naphtha, suspended by a small quan- 
tity of boiling alcohol, in Ziv simple syrup, and give 
a teaspoonful every fifteen minutes till expectora- 
tion is fully established. Mix )Diij naphtha with 
xxx lard and apply in tinea, psoriasis, &c. 

British oil is made by mixing the following ingre- 
dients: R. Olei Terebinth. fZviij, Olei Lini f3 viij, 
Olei Succini f Ziv, Olei Juniperi f Ziv, Petrolei Bar- 
badens f Ziij, Petrolei Americana (Seneca Oil) 3j. 
Mix. 

NUX VOMICA. Vide Strychnos. 

OLEUM AMYGDALA. Oil of Almonds. (Expressed 
from both sweet and bitter almonds.) 3Zxvj of al- 
monds yield Zv of oil. 

Demulcent, emollient. 

Use. In catarrh and coughs, united with water 
by means of mucilage and sugar, or a few drops of 
liquor ammoniz. An injection composed of oil of 
almonds fZiv, and solution of subacetate of lead 
NVilj, is said to be useful at the commencement of 
gonorrhoea. 

Dose. fZss to f3j, Oil of bitter almonds } of a 
drop to a drop, on account of the hydrocyanic acid 
it contains. 

OLEUM ANISI. Oil of Anise. 

Stimulant, carminative. 

Use. In flatulent colic. 

Dose. Mv to Nyxv, rubbed up with sugar and 
camphor mixture. 


> 


116 OLE 


OLEUM ATHEREUM. Ethereal Oil. Heavy Oil of 
Wine. 
An ingredient of Hoffman’s anodyne. 
. OLEUM CAJUPUTI. Oil of Cajuput. 

Powerfully stimulant. 

Use. In epilepsy, palsy, chronic rheumatism, 
spasmodic affections of the stomach and bowels, 
cholera. 

Mixed with Olive oil, itis used externally in gout 
and rheumatism ; also for toothache. 

Dose. One to five drops in emulsion or on sugar. 

OLEUM CARUI. Oil of Caraway. 

Stimulant, carminative. 

Use. In flatulent colic, and as an adjunct to pur- 
gative pills. 

Dose. Hj. to mx. 

OLEUM CARYOPHYLLI. Oil of Cloves. 

Use. The same as cloves. 

Dose. WH j.to Niv. 

OLEUM CHENOPODII. Oil of Wormseed. 

Anthelmintic. 

Dose. Four to eight drops for a child, repeated 
morning and evening for three or four days, and 
then followed by a brisk cathartic. 

OLEUM CINNAMOMI. Oil of Cinnamon. 

Powerfully stimulant, stomachic. 

Dose. mj to mMiij on sugar. 

OLEUM COPAIBA. 
Dose. Ten or fifteen drops in emulsion. 
OLEUM CUBEBA. Oil of Cubebs. 

Stimulant, diuretic. 

Use. The same as the cubebs; but less efficacious 
in gonorrhea, 

OLEUM FCNICULI. Oil of Fennel Seeds. 

Use. The same as of the seeds. 

Dose. Mr ij to Mxx. 


OLE 117 


OLEUM GAULTHERLA. Oil of Partridge Berry. 

Use. To cover the taste of other medicines. 

OLEUM HEDEOMA. Oil of Pennyroyal. 

Use. As a@ stimulant in flatulent colic and sick 
stomach, and to impart flavor to mixtures. 

Dose. Two to ten drops. 

OLEUM JUNIPERI. Oil of Juniper. 

Stimulant, carminative, diaphoretic, diuretic. 

Use. In dropsies ; advantageously added to digi- 
talis when it is given in the form of pills. 

Dose. ij to Wx or more, rubbed up with sugar 
or mucilage and water. 

OLEUM LAVANDULZA. Oil of Lavender. 

Stimulant. 

Use. In hysteria and nervous headache. 

Dose. ™,j to mv on a lump of sugar. 

OLEUM LINI. Linseed Oil. 

Demulcent, emollient, laxative. 

Use. It has been given with advantage in ileus, 
when purgatives have failed; but it is chiefly used 
in the form of clyster, in flatulent colic attended 
with costiveness; and in abrasions of the rectum ; 
externally in burns and wounds. 

Dose. fZss to f3j; in clysters, fZiij to fZ vj. 

OLEUM MENTHA’ PIPERITZ. Oil of Peppermint. 

Stimulant, antispasmodic, carminative. 

Use. In cramp of the stomach and flatulent colic. 

Dose. Wj to miij rubbed up with sugar or 
mucilage. 

OLEUM MENTH 4 VIRIDIS. Oil of Spearmint. 

Stimulant, carminative. 

Use. In flatulence and anorexia. 

Dose. ™,j to nv, on a lump of sugar. 

OLEUM MONARDA. Oil of Horsemint. 
Use. A powerfulrubefacient; also a stimulant and 
’ carminative. 


118 OLE 


OLEUM MORRHU®. Cod-liver Oil. (A fish oil 
obtained from several fishes belonging to the genus 
Gadus, by exposing to the sun the livers, cut in 
slices, and collecting the oil that runs out. That 
which runs out first resembles olive oil, and is called 
yellow cod-liver oil. If the livers are in a state of 
putrefaction, the oil becomes of a chestnut-brown 
color.) 

Diuretic, alterative, slightly diaphoretic. 

Use. Used extensively in scrofula, rickets, rheu- 
matism, chronic cutaneous diseases, chorea, tuber- 
cles, atrophy. A fashionable remedy of late in in- 
cipient phthisis. Its chief virtue is probably owing 
to its nutritive properties. 

Dose. Zij to Ziv two or three times a day; to 
children 3j, with lemon syrup, coffee or sugar and 
water. Externally in cases of ulcer, fistula, &c. 

OLEUM MYRISTICA. Oil of Nutmeg. 

OLEUM OLIVA. Olive Oil. 

Demulcent, emollient, gently laxative. 

Use. In catarrhs and pulmonary complaints; in 
emulsion with mucilage; in a simple state when 
acrid matters are taken into the stomach; exter- 
nally it has been advantageously used as a friction 
in plague; as an injection in gonorrhea; an adjunct 
to clysters in dysentery and abrasions; and in the 
formation of ointments and plasters. 

Dose. £3} to f3j triturated with mucilage or 
mixed with water by means of a few drops of liquor 
potassee or liquor ammonize. 

OLEUM ORIGANI. Oil of Origanum. 

Stimulant, narcotic. 

Use. Scarcely ever given internally ; a drop of it 
put into a carious tooth relieves the pain of tooth- 
ache. 

OLEUM PIMENTA. Oil of Pimento. 


OLE 119 


Stimulant. 

Use. In debilities of the stomach, colic, and 
tympanitis. 

Dose. MH iij to mv, rubbed with sugar. 

OLEUM RICINI, Castor Oil. (Bruise the castor 
seeds, previously decorticated; then express the 
oil without the application of heat.) Zxiv of the 
seeds yield about f Ziij of oil. 

Purgative. 

Use. In all cases where stimulant purgatives 
would be hurtful; particularly in dysentery, col- 
ica pictonum; calculous complaints and ileus; and 
as it operates very quickly, in spasmodic. affections. 
It is an excellent purge at all times for children, 
women in child-bed, and after surgical operations 
in which the viscera are at all concerned. It is 
also a good adjunct to clysters. 

Dose. f3ss to fZiss, either floated on a little 
water,and covered with a small quantity of brandy, 
or in the following draught: RK. Olei Ricini f Zss, 
Mucilaginis q. s. tere optime, et paullatim adde, 
Aquee Destillate f3j, Spir. Lavandule Comp. nxx, 
Syr. Tolutani fZss. Misce. 

OLEUM ROSMARINA. Oil of Rosemary. 

Stimulant. 

Use. In nervous complaints. 

Dose. Mi ij to mLvj rubbed up with sugar. 

OLEUM SABINA. Oil of Savine. 

Stimulant, emmenagogue; externally vesicant. 

Use. In the same cases for which the plant is em- 
ployed. 

Dose. ij to mvj. 

OLEUM SASSAFRAS. Oil of Sassafras. 

Stimulant, sudorific, diuretic. 

Use. In scorbutus, chronic rheumatism, cutane- 
ous diseases. An external application (3j to 3j Ol. 


120 OLE 


Oliv.), useful in indurated mamme of parturient 
women. 

Dose. tr ij to m.x rubbed with sugar. 

OLEUM SUCCINI. Oil of Amber. 

Stimulant, antispasmodic, diuretic, rubefacient. 

Use. In hysteria, epilepsy, and deficient menstrua- 
tion; externally in paralysis, and chronic rheuma- 
tism of the joints. The following is reccommended 
as a friction in tic douloureux: R. Ol. Succini f3j, 
Tinct. Opii fZss. Misce. 

Dose. WV to MW xij rubbed up with mucilage. 

OLEUM SUCCINI OXIDATUM. Oxidated Oil of 
Amber. ._(Olei Succini fZj, Acidi Nitrici fZiijss. 
Put the oil of amber in a glass vessel, and gradu- 
ally drop the acid into it, at the same time stirring 
the mixture with a glassrod. Let it stand for thirty- 
six hours, then separate the supernatant resinous 
matter from the acid fiuid beneath, and wash it re- 
peatedly, first with cold, and lastly with hot water, 
till the acid taste be removed.) 

Use. Recommended as a substitute for musk, to 
which it is analogous in its properties. 

OLEUM TEREBINTHINA. Oil of Turpentine. 

Stimulant, diuretic, sudorific, anthelmintic, rube- 
facient. 

Use. In chronic rheumatism, lumbago, and sci- 
atica; and in passive uterine hemorrhages ; dropped 
into the ear in deafness from defect of wax ; applied 
to indolent tumors ; and in embrocation in rheuma- 
tism and bruises. It is given in very large doses, 
alone, or united with honey, against the teenia so- 
lium, which it brings away entire, dead, after two 
or three doses. 

Dose. 1.x to fZj in the first cases; but for the 
expulsion of tenia f3ss to f Zij. 

OLEUM TIGLII. Croton Oil. 


OPT 121 


A powerful hydragogue purgative, acting gener- 

ally in moderate doses without pain, but-in large 

_ doses excites vomiting and severe griping pain. A 
drop placed on the tongue, in a comatose state, will 
usually operate. 

Use. In constipation and torpor of the intestines 
—in dropsy, apoplexy, mania, coma, inflammation 
of the brain, hydrocephalus, and whenever power- 
ful revulsion from the head is indicated. Exter- 
nally, as a revellent, or counter-irritant, producing 
a pustular eruption in twelve hours after the first 
friction—in rheumatism and gout, phthisical affec- 
tions, incipient phthisis, and in the neuroses, as 
palsy, hooping-cough, spasmodic. asthma. 

Dose. to } and } drop every two or three hours, 
in emulsion or pill. Externally, four to six drops 
may be rubbed in twice a day.. If the skin be very 
sensitive, mix it with an equal portion of some fixed 
or volatile oil. 

OLEUM VALERIAN A. Oil of Valerian. 

Dose. Four or five drops. 

ONION. Garden Onion. (Allium Cepa.) 

Stimulant, diuretic, expectorant, rubefacient. 

Dose. A teaspoonful of juice, with sugar, in non- 
inflammatory catarrhs of children. 

OPIUM. Opium. 

Stimulant in small doses, but in larger narcotic, 
antispasmodic, diaphoretic, sedative, anodyne; ex- 
ternally, its stimulant effects are considerable, but 
soon followed by its narcotic. 

Use. In all painful affections, where the inflam- 
matory diathesis is not very considerable; in diar- 
rhoea and dysentery; intermittents; in typhus, in 
smaller doses as a cordial, in larger to allay irrita- 
tion and produce sleep ; cholera and pyrosis ; in rheu- 


matism when inflammatory fever is not present ; re- 
11 


122 - OPI 


trocedent gout; and in convulsive and spasmodic 
diseases. When combined with calomel, in inflam- 
mation, after blood-letting, and in syphilis, as well 
as to arrest the progress of gangrene. It is employed 
in a watery solution, containing gr. ij in f3j of 
water, as an injection in gonorrhcea and spasmodic 
stricture, as an adjunct to clysters in diarrhoea; and 
by friction, united with oil in tetanus and other 
spasms. 

Dose. Gr. } to gr. ss, to produce its stimulant ef- 
fects; gr. j to grs. ij, is narcotic; but in spasmodic 
complaints it has been given to a very great extent. 

“Incomp. Lime-water, alkaline carbonates, bichlo- 
ride of mercury, nitrate of silver, sulphates of zinc, 
copper, and iron, infusion of yellow bark, astringent 
infusions and decoctions, solutions of catechu and 
of kino; acetates of lead. 

*.* When opium has been taken as a poison, the 
stomach should be first evacuated by the stomach- 
pump, worked with infusion of yellow bark, or by 
emetics containing very little water, and, after the 
whole of the opium has been evacuated, aromatic 
stimulants given, and mustard cataplasms applied 
externally. 

As the dose of opium varies much, according to 
circumstances, and as the quantities vary in phar- 
maceutical preparations, we have thought it advisa- 
ble to insert the following table of proportions for 
reference : 

Opium. Dose. + of a grain to 2 grs. or more. 

Acetum Opti (Black drop) contains 1 gr. Opium 
to NVil. 

Confectio Opii contains 1 gr. Opium in grs. xxxvi. 

Morphia. 1-6th of a gr. equivalent to gr. j} Opium. 

Morphia Acetas. 1-6th of a grain equivalent to gr. 
j Opium. 


PAN 123 


Liquor Morphie Acetatis. 1-6th gr. Morphia in mv. 
Morphic: Murias. Same as Morphia. 
Morphie Sulphas. Same as Morphia. 
Pilule Calomelanos et Opii. 1 gr. Opium to iij grs. 
Calomel. 
Pilule Opi. 1 gr. Opium in each pill. 
Pilule Plumbi Opiate. One-half gr. Opium in each. 
Pilule Saponis Composite. 1 gr. Opium in grs. v. 
Pulvis Ipecacuanhe et Opti. 1 gr. Opium in grs. x. 
Tinctura Opti (Laudanum). 1 gr. Opium in Mm xix. 
Tinctura Opti Camphorata (Paregoric). 1 gr. Opi- 
um in fZss. 
Tinctura Opti Acetata. 1 gr. Opium in Mxx. 
Trochisci Glycyrrhiza et Opi. One-tenth gr. in 
each. 
Vinum Opti. Same as Tincture. 
ORIGANUM. Common Marjoram. (0. vulgare.) 
Tonic, stomachic, emmenagogue ? 
Use. In debilities of the stomach: scarcely ever 
used. 
Dose. Grs. x to 9j in powder. 
OROBANCHE VIRGINIANA. Beech drops. Cancer- 
root. 
A parasite on the root of the beech. Astringent. 
OXYMEL SCILLA. Oxymel of Squill. (Melis lbiij, 
Aceti Scillz Oij. Evaporate in a glass vessel, over 
a sand-bath, to a proper consistence.) The boiling 
is hurtful, destroying the acrimony on which the 
virtue of the squill depends. 
Expectorant, diuretic, aperient; in large doses 
emetic. 
Use. In humoral asthma, chronic coughs, dropsy ; 
to excite vomiting in pertussis. 
Dose. fZss to fZij in cinnamon water, or any other 
aromatic water. 
PANAX. Ginseng. Root of P. quinquefolium. 
- Demulcent. The Chinese panacea. 


124 Pay 
PAPAVER. White Poppy Capsules. (P. somnife- 


rum.) 

Relaxant, anodyne. 

Use. Externally as a fomentation (Ziv of the dried 
heads being bruised and boiled in Oiv of water to 
Oij), to inflamed or ulcerated parts. The addition 
of a little distilled vinegar aids the narcotic power 
of the decoction. 

PAREIRA. (Pareira brava.) 

Tonic, aperient, diuretic. 

Use. In irritable bladder. 

Dosé. Grs. xxx to 3j. 

Tincture (one part to five of alcohol) f3). 

PETROSELINUM. Parsley Root. (P. satwum.) 

Aperient, diuretic. 

Use. In nephritic and dropsical affections—given 
in infusion. - 

PHOSPHAS SODA. Phosphate of Soda. 

Purgative. 

Use. In all cases where the bowels require to be 
opened. When dissolved in broth made without 
salt, the taste of the phosphate is not perceived. 

Dose. 3} to Zij. 

-Incomp. Alum, chalk, and all salts with an earthy 
base. 
PHYTOLACCA BACCH ET RADIX. Poke Ber- 
ries. Poke Root. (P. decandra.) 

Emetic, purgative, alterative, and narcotic. A 
narcotico-acrid poison. 

Use. The juice, evaporated to an extract, is em- 
ployed as an escharotic by cancer doctors. As an 
alterative in small doses in chronic rheumatism. 
As an ointment in psora, tinea capitis, and other 
cutaneous diseases. 

Dose. As an emetic, from grs. x to grs. xxx. As 
an alterative, from gr. i to grs. Vv. 


PTL 125 


PILULA ALOES. Aloetic Pills. (Aloes Socotrine, 
Saponis sing. partes zequales, q. s.) 

PILULA ALOES COMPOSITA. Compound Aloetic 
Pills. (Aloes contrite lbj, Ext. Gentianz Zss, Olei 
Carui mxl, Syr. q. s.) 

Dose. Grs. v to xx. 
PILULA ALOES CUM ZINGIBERE. Pills of Aloes 
and Ginger. (Aloes Hepat. 3j, Rad. Zingib. in Pulv. 
trite 3j, Saponis Hispanici 4ss, Ol. Essent. Menthe 
Pip. 3ss.) 
In their operation these three are alike, warm, 
stomachic, purgative. 
Use. In habitual costiveness. 
Dose. Grs. x to 5j made into pills. 
PILULZ ALOES ET MYRRHA. Aloetic Pills with 
Myrrh. (Aloes 3ij, Croci Stigmatum, Myrrhe sing. 
3j, Syr. q. s.) 
Cathartic, emmenagogue. : 
Use. In chlorotic, hypochondriacal, and cachectic 

habits, to stimulate and open the bowels. 
Dose. Grs. x to hj made into pills. 

PILULA ALOES ET ASSAFC@TIDA. Aloetic and 
Assafoetida Pills. (Aloes Socotr., Conf. Rosx, As- 
safcetidee, Saponis, sing partes equales, q. s.) 

Purgative, stomachic, anodyne. 

Use. In dyspepsia attended with flatulence and 
costiveness; hysteria; amenorrhea. 

Dose. Grs. x in pills twice’a day, or at bedtime. 

PILUL# ALOES ET FERRI. Pills of Aloes and 
Iron. (Sulph. Ferri grs. xxxvj, Aloes Barb. grs. 
xxiv; Pulv. Aromat. grs. lxx, Conf. Rose q.s. Ft. 
Pilule xlviij.) ' 

Use. An excellent combination of a tonic and 
purgative. 1-3 pills. 

PILULA ASSAF@TIDA. Compound Pills of Assa- 

11* 


126 PIL 


foetida. (Assafcetida, Galbani, Myrrhe, sing. Ziij, 
Conf. Rose, q. 8.) 
Use. In hysteria and other nervous affections. 
Dose. Grs. Vv to grs. xX. 

PILULA CALOMELANOS ET OPII. Pills of Calo- 
mel and Opium. (Calomel grs. xxiv, Opium grs. 
viij, Conserve of Roses, a quantity sufficient to make 
a mass to be divided into twelve pills.) 

Use. For rapidly bringing the habit under mer- 
curial influence. 

PILULH CATHARTICA COMPOSITA. Compound 
Cathartic Pills. (Take of Comp. Extract of Colo- 
cynth Zss, Ext. Jalap. Calomel, a4 Ziij, eee 
ij. M., ft. pil. No. 180.) 

Use. In constipation and hepatic conpesian A 
most useful pill. 
Dose. 3 pills. 

PILULA COPAIBA. Pills of Copaiba. (R. Copaiba 
3ij, Magnesia 3j. Mix, and set aside till it con- 
cretes into a mass, which is to be divided into 200 


pills.) 
Use. In 2 aps ate and affections of the mucous 
membrane. 6 pills. 


PILULZ DIGITALIS ET SCILLA. Pills of Fox- 
glove and Squill. (Digitalis, Squill, of each )j. 
Aromatic Electuary Rij. Make into xx pills.) 

Diuretic. 
Use. In dropsy. 1 or 2 pills. 
PILULA FERRI CARBONATIS. Vallet’s Iron Pills. 
Use. In chlorosis, &c. 
Dose. 10 to 30 grs. in 24 hours. 

PILUL FERRI COMPOSITA. Compound Pills of 
Iron. (Myrrhe"cont. 3ij, Sode Carbon. Ferri Sul- 
phatis, Sacch. sing. 3.) 

Tonic, emmenagogue. 
Use. In dyspepsia and chlorosis. 


; PIL 127 


Dose. Gr. x to 5j in pills, twice or thrice a day. 

PILUL FERRI IODIDI. Pills of Iodide of Iron. 
(Sulphate of Iron 3j, Iodid. Potas. Hiv, Tragacanth 
10 gr., Sugar 3ss. Mix with Syrup. Form 40 pills.) 
Hach pill contains about 4 gr. iodide of iron. 

PILULZ HYDRARGYRI CHLORIDI MITIS. Calo- 
mel Pills. (Calomel Zss, Gum Arabic 3j, Syrup. 
q. 8. Make 240 pills.) 1 gr. Calomel in each pill. 

PILULA OPII. Opium Pills. (Opium powder 3), 
Soap 12 gr. Make sixty pills.) 

Hach contains 1 gr. Opium. 

PILULZ FERRI SULPHATIS. Pills of Sulphate of 
Iron. (Sulph. of Iron gr. xxiv, Ext. of Taraxacum 
3j, Cons. of Roses grs. xxiv. Make into xxiv pills.) 

Use. As a tonic, in dyspepsia connected with a 
torpid state of the liver. 

PILULAH GALBANI COMPOSITA. Compound Gal- 
banum Pills. (Galbani 3j, Myrrhe, Sagapenii, sing. 
Ziss, Assafoetida Ziv, Syrupi q. s.) 

Both these forms of pills operate as antispasmodic 
and emmenagogues. 

Use. In chlorosis, hysteria, and hypochondriasis. 

Dose. Gr. x to hj made into pills, every night at 
bedtime. 

PILUL# HYDRARGYRI. Mercurial Pills. (Hy- 
drarg. Pur. 3ij, Confect. Rose Gallice Ziij, Glycyr- 
rhizee Rad. cont. 3j. Rub the quicksilver with the 
confection until the globules disappear; then add 
the liquorice-root powder, and beat the whole into 
a uniform mass.) 

Antisyphilitic, alterative; in large doses purga- 
tive. 

Use. In syphilis, perhaps the best form of the 
remedy; in some cutaneous diseases and intermit- 
tents, attended with visceral and lymphatic obstruc- 
tions; to purge in jaundice, dropsies, and ileus. 


128 PiY 


Dose. For the former objects, gr. v to gr. x twice 
a day, united with opium, if the bowels are easily 
affected; for the latter, gr. xij to Aj every three or 
four hours. 

PILULA QUINILA SULPHATIS. (Pills of Sul- 
phate of Quinine. R. Sulph. Quin. 3j, Gum Arabic 
3ij, Syrup q.s. M., ft. 480 pills.) 

PILULA RHEI. Rhubarb Pills. (Rhubarb in pow- - 
der 3ij, Acetate of Potassa 3j, Cons. of Roses Jss. 
Make into xliv pills.) 

Use. A moderate purgative. 

PILULA RHEI COMPOSITA. Compound Rhubarb 
Pills. (Rhei in puly. trite 3j, Aloes Zvj, Myrrhe 
Ziv, Saponis 3j, Ol. Carui 3ss, Syrupi q.s. Beat 
them into a mass.) 

Laxative, stomachic. 
Use. In dyspepsia attended with costivéness. 
Dose. Gr. x to Hj twice a day. 

PILULA SAPONIS COMPOSITA. Compound Pills 
of Soap. (Opii duri contriti Ziv, Saponis Ziij.) 
Gr. v contain gr. j of opium. 

PILULA SCILLA COMPOSITA. Compound Squill 
Pills. (Scillz Recent. exsiccate et cont. 3j, Zin- 
giberis contrite 3ij, Saponis Ziij, Ammoniaci con- 
triti Zij, Syr. q. s. Form a mass.) 

Expectorant, diuretic. 
Use. In asthma and chronic catarrh; as an ad- 
junct to digitalis in hydrothorax and other dropsies. 
Dose. Gr. x to Rj twice or thrice a day. 
PIMENTA. Pimenta Berries. (Myrtus Pimenta.) 
Stimulant, carminative. 
_ Use. Chiefly as a condiment, and as an adjunct 
to other medicines. 
Dose. Gr. v to Rij. 

PIPER LONGUM. Long Pepper. Similar to Black 

Pepper. 


BU. 129 


PIPER NIGRUM. Black Pepper. 

Tonic, antiperiodic, stimulant, carminative. 

Use. To check nausea in gouty habits; remove 
hiccough; and increase excitement in palsy. Steep- 
ed in rum it cures ague. <A watery infusion of pep- 
per has been found a useful gargle in relaxation of 
the uvula. . 

Dose. Gr. x to §j, variously combined. 

PIX... .Piteh: 

Stimulant, tonic. 

Use. In cutaneous diseases and piles. 

Dose. 10 gr. to 3j in pills; externally as ointment. 

PIX BURGUNDICA. Burgundy Pitch. 

External rubefacient. 

PIX CANADENSIS. Hemlock Pitch. ; 

As a gentle rubefacient, analogous to Burgundy 
pitch, and employed in the same cases. 

PIX LIQUIDA. Tar. 

Stimulant, diuretic, sudorific; ‘externally deter- 
gent. 

Use. Internally in ichthyosis: externally it is ap- 
piied to foul ulcers, and tinea capitis. 

PLANTAGO MAJOR. Plantain. 
Refrigerant, diuretic, deobstruent, but feeble. 
Used domestically as a dressing for sores. 
PLUMBI ACETAS. Acetate of Lead. 

Astringent in weak solutions, cooling and seda- 
tive; in strong (3j to water fZvj) stimulant. 

Use. Internally in visceral hemorrhages washed 
down with water. acidulated with distilled vinegar, 
which seems to prevent its deleterious effects. Ex- 
ternally, in solution in phlegmonous inflammations, 
burns, bruises, gonorrhea, Xe. 

Dose. Gr. ss to grs. jss, made into a pill with gr. 
ss of opium and crumb of bread: Distilled water 
must be used for the solution, and a little pee 
acid added. 


130 POT 


Incomp. Alkalies, earths, acids, alum; borax, 
soaps, tartarized iron and antimony; lime-water, 
hard water, sulphuretted hydrogen. 

PLUMBI CARBONAS. Carbonate of Lead. 
Astringent, sedative. 

Use. Sprinkled on parts affected with local in- 
flammation; in the formation of ointments and 
plasters. 

PODOPHYLLUM PELTATUM. May Apple. Man- 

drake. 

An active and certain cathartic, producing copi- 
ous liquid discharges, resembling jalap. 

Use. In most inflammatory affections, where brisk 
purging is indicated; also in bilious fevers and he- 
patic congestions; also in dropsical, rheumatic, and 
scrofulous complaints, in combination with super- 
tartrate of potassa. A substitute for calomel. 

Dose. Of the powdered root gr. xx. It is also 
used in the form of ay extract. 

POLYGALA RUBELLA. Bitter Polygala. 

Tonic, laxative, and diaphoretic, according to the 
dose. 

Use. To impart tone to the digestive organs, in 
the form of infusion. 

POLYGONUM PUNOTATUM. Water Pepper. 
Stimulant, diuretic, emmenagogue, vesicant. 
Dose. Fluid extract 10 to 60 drops. 

POPULUS TREMULOIDES. American Poplar. 
Tonic, diuretic, febrifuge. 

Used in intermittents. 

Dose. 4 to 8 gr. of populin. The buds of P. bal- 
samifera are often steeped in spirits and applied to 
bruises, &c. They are balsamic. 

POTASSA. Fused Potassa, (Prepared by evapo- 

rating the solution of potassa to dryness, in an iron 
vessel.) 


POT 131 


Powerfully escharotic. 

Use. For forming issues. It has also been used 
to remove strictures. 

POTASSA ACETAS. Acetate of Potassa. 

Mildly cathartic, diuretic, deobstruent. 

Use. In febrile diseases, dropsies, icterus, and 
visceral obstructions. 

Dose. Hj to Zj as diuretic; Zij to Ziij open the 
bowels. 

Incomp. Mineral acids, decoction of tamarinds, 
bichloride of mercury, nitrate of silver, sulphates 
of soda and of magnesia, hydrochlorate of ammonia, 
tartrate of potassa. 

POTASS# BICARBONAS. Bicarbonate of Potassa. 

Use. The same as that of the carbonate, but it is 
less acrid. 

POTASS# BITARTRAS.  Bitartrate of Potassa. 
Cream of Tartar. The tartar of wine purified. 

Mildly purgative, refrigerant, diuretic. 

Use. In ascites proceeding from v 
tions; and to open the bowels in i 
habits. Dissolved in water, with a smal 
of white wine, some sugar, and lemon-peel, it 
an excellent beverage in febrile diseases, under the 
name of Imperial. 

Dose. Aj to 3j combined with Dj soda biboras, 
to excite the kidneys; to open the bowels, Ziv to 3j 
are required. 

Incomp. Alkalies, alkaline earths, mineral acids. 

POTASSA CARBONAS. Carbonate of Potassa,. 
Salt of Tartar. 

Diuretic, antacid, deobstruent. 

Use. In dropsy, acidities of the prime vie, and 
glandular obstructions. 

Dose. Gr. x to 388 properly diluted ; }j dissolved 
in fZviij of water, and mixed with fZiv of lemon- 
juice, forms an effervescing draught. 





obstruc- 








132 POT 


Incomp. Mineral acids, borax, hydrochlorate and 
acetate of ammonia, alum, sulphate of magnesia, 
chloride of calcium, lime, lime-water, all the me- 
tallic salts. 

POTASS# CHLORAS. Chlorate of Potassa. 

Refrigerant, diuretic, &c. 

Use. In scurvy, scarlatina, &c., and as a wash in 
cancrum oris. 

Dose. Gr. X to Xxx. 

POTASSA NITRAS. Nitrate of Potassa, or Niter. 

Diuretic, refrigerant; in large doses purgative; 
externally cooling, detergent. 

d/se. In fevers, dropsies, herpetic eruptions, active 
hemorrhages, mania. A small piece allowed to dis- 
solve slowly in the mouth often removes incipient. 
cynanche tonsillaris; hence its utility in gargles. 

Dose. Gr. x to Zss. In doses of Zj it occasions 
hypercatharsis, bloody stools, and sometimes death. 

Incomp. Sulphuric acid, sulphates of soda and 
magnesia, alum, the metallic sulphates. 

POTASSA SULPHAS. Sulphate of Potassa. 

Purgative, deobstruent. 

Use. In the visceral obstruction to which children 

- are liable, and as an adjunct to other purgatives. 

Dose. Gr. x to 3j as a deobstruent; Zss to Zvj 
purge. 

Incomp. Nitric and hydrochloric acids, tartaric 
acid, chloride of calcium, salts of mercury, nitrate 
of silver, salts of lead. 

POTASSA TARTRAS. Tartrate of Potassa. 

Purgative. 

Use. To open the bowels in febrile diseases, ma- 
nia and hypochondriasis; and as an adjunct to 
senna, and the resinous purgatives in solution, the 
griping effect of which it corrects. 

Dose. 3j to Zj in solution. 


POT 133 


Incomp. Acids; infusion of tamarinds and other 
acid fruits; chloride of calcium; lime, magnesia, 
sulphates of soda, of potassa, and of magnesia; ni- 
trate of silver, acetate of lead, and hydrochlorate 
of ammonia. 

POTASSII BROMIDUM. Bromide of Potassium. 

Use. As Iodide of Potassium, but slower in effect. 

POTASSIT FERROCYANURETUM.  Ferrocyanuret 
of Potassium. 

Sedative, anodyne, diaphoretic, astringent; mostly 
used in the arts. 

Use. In dyspnea, neuralgia, &c. 

Dose. 10 to 15 grs. in solution. 

POTASSII IODIDUM. Iodide of Potassium. (Formed 
aa by decomposing the iodide of iron by carbonate of | 
potassa.) 

The same as that of iodine; but chiefly as an al- 
terative in secondary syphilis, rheumatism, lepra. 

Dose. Of the saturated solution from mvj to MLxx; 
of the dry salt from gr. ij to gr.x. See Tinct. Iodin. 

Incomp. Acids, metallic salts, not iodides. 

POTASSII SULPHURETUM. Sulphuret of Potas- 
sium. 

Expectorant, diaphoretic; externally detergent. 

Use. It has been given in chronic asthma, but 
without much benefit; chronic catarrh and rheu- 
matism; arthritic cases; hepatic and other cuta- 
neous diseases; and cancer. Its solution is useful 
as a wash in scabies and tinea capitis. As a bath, 
in the proportion of Ziv to thirty gallons of water; 
as a lotion in local cutaneous affections, in the 
strength of 2j to two quarts of water. 

Dose. Gr. ij to gr. x, combined with soap or ex- 
tract of conium, in pills or mixture twice or thrice 
a day; as an ointment, 3ss of the sulphuret to 3j 
of lard. 

12 


134 PUL 


Incomp. Acids, acidulous. salts, metallic and ~ 
earthy salts. 

PRENANTHES SERPENTARIA.  Lion’s Foot. 

Considered a remedy for the bite of the rattle- 
snake, &c. A decoction of the root is used inter- 
nally, and the moistened leaves externally. 

PRINOS. Black Alder. (P. verticillatus.) 

Tonic, astringent, alterative. 

Use. Intermittents, diarrhoea, gangrene, chronic 
and cutaneous peeouss locally in ill-conditioned 
ulcers. 

Dose. Of the le from 38s to 3j; of the de- . 
coction, made by boiling Zij of the bark with Oiij 
of water to Oij, from Zi to Ziij; or it may be given 
in tincture. “ 

PRUNUM. Prunes. (P. domestica.) 

Cooling, laxative, nutrient. 

Use. In costiveness attended with heat and irri- 
tation; an article of diet in fever. 

PRUNUS VIRGINIANA. Wild-Cherry Bark. 

Tonic and sedative. 

Use. In debilitated states of the stomach or gen- 
eral system, attended with irritation and nervous 
excitability. It allays the action of the heart, and 
is highly useful in the hectic fever of scrofula and 
consumption. In dyspepsia and intermittents. 

Dose. In powder, from 3ss to Jj. 

PULVIS ALOES CUM CANELLA. Powder of Aloes 
with Canella. (Aloes Hepaticze lbj, Canelle Albee 
Ziij. Rub them separately into a powder, and mix.) 

Warm, cathartic. 

Use. In costiveness, but not well adapted to be 
used as a powder. 

Dose. Grs. x to 

ULVIS AROMATICUS. Aromatic Powder. (Cin- 
namon, Ginger, ia 3ij; Cardamon Seeds, Nutmegs, 
aii Zj. Rub to fine powder.) 


PX R 135 


Stimulant, carminative. 
Dose. 10 to 30 grs. Asa spice plaster over the 
epigastrium in nausea and vomiting. 

PULVIS IPECACUANH # ET OPII. Dover’s Powder. 
(Pulv. Ipecac. Pulv. Opii, 4a 3j, Sulphate of Po- 
tassa, 3j. Make a fine powder.) 

Use. Anodyne, diaphoretic. 
Dose. Grs. V to xv. 

PULVIS JALAP4% COMPOSITUS. Compound Pow- 
der of Jalap. (Jalapze Ziij, Bitartratis Potassee 3 vj, 
Zingiberis Zij. Rub them separately to a fine pow- 
der, and then mix.) 

Purgative. 

Use. In costiveness, particularly of children with 
a tumid belly; in worm cases and in dropsy.. 

Dose. Wj to Vij for adults; grs. vj to grs. xij for 
children. 

PULVIS RHEI COMPOSITUS. Compound Powder 
of Rhubarb, (Magnesia lbi, Powd. Ginger 3ij, 
Powd. Rhubarb Ziv. Mix.) 

A laxative antacid, in bowel complaints of chil- 
dren. 

Dose. 38s to 3) for an adult; a child two or three 
years old, 5 to 10 grs. 

PULVIS SCILLA. Powder of Squills. (The bulb 
of Scilla Maritima sliced, dried, and reduced to a 
powder.) It should be kept in well-stopped phials. 

Diuretic, emetic, expectorant. 

Use. In the same cases for which the squill pill is 
employed. 

Dose. Grs. iij to grs. vj combined with soap and 
other substances, in pills or bolus. 

PYRETHRUM. Pellitory of Spain. (Anacyclus py- 
rethrum.) 

Use. Chewed, it excites a copious flow of saliva, 
hence it has been found useful in some affections of 


136 QUI 


the head; in strumous swellings of the tonsils ; 

toothache, and palsy of the muscles of the throat. 

It is also used in infusion as a gargle. 
PYRETHRUM PARTHENIUM. Feverfew. 

Donic.) Vie 

Dose. 3 to 10 grs., three times a day. 

QUASSIA. Quassia Wood. (Simaruba excelsa.) 

Tonic, stomachie. 

Use. In intermittents; bilious fever, combined 
with neutral salts: lienteria and cachexia; in hys- 
teria united with tincture of valerian; and with 
cretaceous powder and ginger in gout. 

- Dose. Of the raspings grs. v to 3ss, but infusion 
and extract are preferable forms of exhibiting it. 
QUERCUS. The Oak. 
Astringent, tonic. Not much used internally. 
Use. As astringent wash, gargle, or injection. 
QUINLH MURIAS. Muriate of Quinine. (Dissolve 
pure quinine in diluted muriatic acid and evapo- 
rate. 

A ek better adapted in cases of weak digestive 
powers than the sulphate; preferred by some to the - 
sulphate in intermittents. 

Dose The same as the sulphate. 

QUINILA SULPHAS. Disulphate of Quinia. (Prepared 
from yellow cinchona.) 

Tonic. 

Use. In intermittents and all periodic diseases, as 
a tonic; also as a febrifuge in bilious remittents, 
and whenever tonics are indicated; may be used 
with great advantage endermically where the 
stomach is irritable. 

Dose. Grs. ij to grs. X in any simple bitter in- 
fusion. 

Incomp. Alkalies and their carbonates, lime- 
water, salts of baryta, lime, nitrate of silver, and 
salts of lead. 


ROS 137 


QUINI® VALERIANAS. Valerianate of Quinia. 

Use. In neuralgia and hemicrania. 

Dose. | to 2 grs. 

QUINIA. See Cinchona, 
Incomp. Nitrate of silver, acetate of lead. 
RANUNCULUS. Crowfoot. (2. bulbosus.) 
Acrid irritant; similar to cantharides. - 
RESINA. Yellow Resin. (The residue, after the 
distillation of oil of turpentine.) 

Stimulant. 

Use. Inthe composition of plasters and ointments. 

RHAMNI. Buckthorn. (Berries and juice of R. Cathar- 
ticus.) 
Purgative. 

Use. In syrup, added to ry avaeeeee or diuretic 
mixtures. 

Dose. ¥j of recent berries, 3j of dried, 3j of juice. 

RHEUM. Rhubarb Root. (2. palmatum.) 

Purgative, stomachic, astringent. 

Use. In costiveness, from laxity of bowels, par- 
ticularly of children, and diarrhea. It is a useful 
adjunct to neutral salts and calomel, rendering their 
operation more easy. Externally the powder is 
sprinkled over ulcers, to assist their granulation and 
healing. 

Dose. Grs. x to 38s of the powder to open the 
bowels; grs. vj to grs. x, to act as a stomachic. 

RHUS GLABRUM. Sumach. (Fruit of R. Glad.) 

Astringent and refrigerant. 

Used as a gargle. 

ROSA. Rose Petals. 

Slightly laxative. 

ROSMARINUS. Rosemary. (R. officinalis.) 

Tonic, stimulant, emmenagogue, resolvent. 

Use. In nervous headaches, and in chlorosis, un- 
der the form of infusion ; but it is now scarcely ae 

% 


138 SAB 


used, unless as an adjunct, to give odor to sternu- 
tatory powders. 

Dose. Of the powder grs. x to Jss. - 

RUBIA. Root of Madder. (&. tenctorum.) 

Emmenagogue, astringent. 

Use. In chlorosis, and difficult or scanty men- 
struation ; in the atrophia infantum ; but its efficacy 
is very doubtful. 

Dose. Grs. xv to )j united with sulphate of po- 
tassa, three or four times a day. 

RUBUS TRIVIALIS VILLOSUS. Dewberry Root. 
Blackberry Root. 

Astringent and tonic. 

“Use. In diarrhea from debility, cholera infantum, 
chronic dysentery. In all cases where astringents. 
are indicated. 

Dose. Of the decoction (3j, Ojss water; boiled to 
Oj), from f3j to fZij three or four times a day. Of 
the powdered root, grs. xx to grs. Xxx. 

RUMEX. Duck-root. (&. Britannica and obtusifolius.) 

Mild astringent, tonic, alterative. 

Use. In scrofula and syphilis, externally in skin 
diseases. 

Dose. f Zij of decoction (3j dried root to Oj). 

RUTA. The leaves of Rue. (2. graveolens.) 

Tonic, stimulant, antispasmodic, emmenagogue? 

Use. In hysteria and flatulent colic; but chiefly 
in the form of strong infusion in clysters in the con- 
vulsions of children. 

Dose. Grs. xv to Rij 

SABADILLA. Sabadilla Seeds. (Veratrum sabadilla.) 

Cathartic, excitant, anthelmintic. 

Use. Seldom internally ; used in the form of pow- 
der to destroy pediculi. (Recommended by Turn- 
bull in painful rheumatic and neuralgic affections.) 

Dose. Gr. $ of the extract, grs. ij to grs. vi of the 

@ powder. ‘Tincture used externally. 


SAL 139 


SABBATIA. American Centaury. (S. angularis.) 

Tonic. 

Use. In autumnal intermittents and remittents. 

Dose. Infusion of 3j to Oj water, fZij every two 
hours. 

SABINA. Savine Leaves. (Juniperus sabina.) 

Stimulant, diaphoretic, emmenagogue, anthelmin- 
tic, escharotic. 

Use. In amenorrheea, with a languid pulse, but 
they require to be cautiously administered; in 
worms, rheumatism, and gout. Externally, the 
powder is applied to old ulcers, carious bones, &c. ; 
and the infusion, as a lotion, to gangrene, scabies, 
and tinea capitis. 

Dose. Grs. v to grs. x of the powder. 

SACCHARUM. Sugar. 
SACCHARUM LACTIS. Sugar of Milk. 
SAGAPENUM. 

Antispasmodic, emmenagogue, inferior to assa~ 
foetida. 

Dose. Grs. x to 3ss in pills. 

SAGO. Sago. (Sagus Rumphit. A modification of 
starch, containing traces of chloride of sodium.) 
SALICINA. Salicine. 

Tonic. 

Use. In intermittents, and in all cases where 
tonics are indicated. Its effects are analogous to 
those of quinine, but not much used. 

Dose. Grs. iv to grs. vi every three hours in in- 
termittents. In other cases, gr. j to grs. iij, three or 
four times a day. 

SALIX CORTEX. Willow Bark. (S. alba.) 

Tonic, astringent. 

Use. In intermittents and remittents; debilities 
of the intestinal canal ; convalescence ; and in hectic 
and phthisis. : 


140 SAN 


Dose. Bj to 3j of the powder; orfZjss of the de- 
coction, made with Zij of the bark, in Oij water, 
boiled down to Oj. 

Incomp. Solution of isinglass, alkaline carbonates, 
lime-water, sulphate of iron. 

SALVIA. Sage. (S. officinalis.) 

Tonic, astringent, aromatic. 

Use. Mostly as gargle, in infusion, with honey and 
alum. 

SAMBUCUS. (8S. Canadensis.) Common Elder Flowers, 
Berries, and Bark. 

Flowers diaphoretic, discutient ; berries aperient, 
sudorific; bark purgative, hydragogue, deobstruent 
in small doses. 

Use. The flowers in fomentations, to yield their 
flavor to water in distillation, and to form a cooling 
ointment; the berries, or their expressed juice, in 
febrile diseases, rheumatism, arthritic cases, and 
the exanthemata; the bark in dropsy and hemor- 
rhoids. 

Dose. Of the juice of the berries, f3j to fZij ; of 
the bark, grs. v to 38s, three times a day. 

SANGUINARIA. Blood Root. (S. Canadensis.) 

An acrid emetic ; stimulant, narcotic, diaphoretic, 
alterative. 

Use. It is principally used in chronic catarrh, 
bronchial affections and pertussis. Combined with 
antimony or ipecacuanha, it is a useful expectorant. 

Dose. As emetic, from grs. x to grs. xx; as alter- 
ative, gr. j to grs. iv. Of the tincture x to xxx drops. 
This is the best form of administration. 

SANTALUM. Red Saunders Wood. (Pterocarpus san- 
talum.) 

Used for coloring tinctures. 

SANTONIN. The active anthelmintic principle in 
European wormseed. 


* 


SCI 141 


Used in the form of lozenges with sugar. 

Dose. Three or four grs. twice a day, or less to a 
child. 

SAPO. Soap. 

Laxative, antacid, antilithic. 

Use. In dyspepsia, constipation, lithiasis, &c. 

Dose. Five grs. to 3ss, in pill. 

Incomp. Acids, earths, earthy and metallic salts. 

SARSAPARILLA. (Smilax officinalis.) 

Diuretic, demulcent. ‘ 

Use. In the sequel of syphilis, when, after & 
“mercurial course, nocturnal pains, enlargement of | 
the joints, and cutaneous ulcerations remain; in 
scrofula; elephantiasis, or cutaneous affections re- 
sembling it; chronic rheumatism; and whenever 
an alterative is indicated. 

Dose. From )j to 3j of the powder, or made into 
an electuary, three times a day. See Decoction, 
Syrup, and Ext. 

SASSAFRAS. Sassafras Wood and Root. (Laurus 
Sassafras.) 

Stimulant, sudorific, diuretic. 

Use. In cutaneous diseases ; chronic rheumatism ; 
and as an adjunct to the decoction of guaiac, &c. 

Dose. See Decoction. 

SCAMMONIUM. Scammony. (Convolvulus scam- 
monia.) 

Drastic purgative, hydragogue. 

Use. Th obstinate costiveness, worms, dropsy, in 
combination with some other cathartic, as aloes, 
rhubarb, calomel, &c. 

Dose. Grs. iii ‘to ers. xv triturated with sugar or 
with almonds. Made into an emulsion with milk, 
the taste cannot be distinguished; but pure virgin 
scammony is exceedingly scarce. 

SCILLA. The bulb of the squill. (8. maritima.) 


142 SEN 


Emetic in large doses; purgative; in small doses 
expectorant and diuretic. It owes its properties to 
a peculiar principle, which has been named scil- 
litina. 

Use. In pulmonary complaints, after the inflam- 
matory action is reduced ; humoral asthma; pertus- 
sis; in dropsy; and more useful if combined with 
a mercurial. 

Dose. Gr.j to grs. v of the dried root, powdered, 
and united with niter or ipecacuanha; or in pills to 
produce diuresis, united with the blue pill. 

Incomp. Gelatine, lime-water, alkaline carbonates, 
acetates of lead, nitrate of silver. 

SCOPARIUS. Broom Tops. (Cytisus scoparius.) 
Diuretic. 

Use. In dropsies. 

Dose. Fj to 3j of the powder. 

SCROPHULARIA NODOSA. Figwort, pilewort, Ce- 

landine. 

An old English remedy for piles and scrofulous 
tumors, in ointment or fomentation. 

SCUTELLARJA LATERIFOLIA. Scullcap. 

A tonic nervine. 

Used in tic douloureux, &c. 

Dose. Fluid extract, 38s to 3j. 

SENECIO AURENS. Life-root. 

Diuretic, diaphoretic, tonic. 

Useful in graveland uterine complaints ; promotes 
menstruation. ‘ 

Dose. Fluid extract, 3ss to 3). 

SENEGA. Senega Root. (Polygala senega.) 
Stimulant, expectorant, diaphoretic, diuretic. 
Use. In peripneumonia, after the inflammatory 

action is reduced; humoral asthma, chronic rheu- 
matism; dropsy; croup? The extract of it, with 
carbonates of ammonia, has been found useful in 
lethargy. 


SIM 143 © 


Dose. Grs. x to )j of the powder. Madeira wine, 
if it can be ordered, covers the taste of the powder. 
SENN FOLIA. Senna Leaves. (Cassia acutifolia.) 

Cathartic, hydragogue. (It is apt to gripe.) 

Use. In costiveness and dropsy; should always 
be given with aromatic and saline substances. 

Dose. Of the powder, )j to 3j rubbed with crys- 
tals of bitartrate of potassa, and united with ginger 
to prevent griping ; but the best form is that of in- 
fusion. 

SERPENTARIA RADIX. Snake Root. (Aristolochia, 
serpentaria. ) 

Stimulant, diaphoretic, diuretic. 

Use. In typhoid fevers, and diseases of debility ; 
to assist cinchona in the cure of intermittents; in 
the exanthemata, and dyspepsia; and externally as 
a gargle in cynanche maligna. 

Dose. Of the powder, grs. x to 38s; or of the fol- 
lowing infusion f3ss every four hours: R. Rad. 
contusi Serpentarie Ziv, Aque ferv. fZ xij. Macerate 
in a covered vessel for two hours. 

SESAMUM. Benne. (S. tndicum.) 

Laxative, demulcent, nutritious. 

Use. As a drink in cholera infantum, diarrhea, 
dysentery, catarrh, and affections of the urinary 
passages. 

* Dose. One or two green leaves in a tumbler of 
cool water will render it sufficiently viscid. 
SEVUM. Suet. 

Used in ointments, &c. 

SIMARUBA. © The Bark and Wood of Simaruba off- 
cialis. 

Tonic. 

Use. In dysentery, chronic diarrhcea, lienteria, 
and dyspepsia. 

Dose. 388 to 3j of the powder; but the infusion 
is a better form of exhibiting @his remedy. 


144 SOD 


SINAPIS. Mustard Seed. (S. alba-nigra.) 
Stimulant, diuretic, emetic, rubefacient, laxative. 
Use. In dyspepsia; a torpid state of the bowels, 
and chlorosis. The seeds are swallowed entire or 
only slightly crushed; a strong infusion of the flour 
is used to produce vomiting in apoplexy and para- 
lysis; externally, the flour is applied asa cataplasm 
to the legs and the soles of the feet in typhus and 
comatose affections. 
Dose. 3} to 38s; or fZij of the following infusion : 
» Jk. Sinapis pulveris, Armoracie rad., sing. Zij, Aq. 
ferventis Oij. » Infuse in a covered vessel for twelve 
hours; then strain and add Spir. Menthe Piper. 


J: 
sone ACETAS. Acetate of Soda. 

Purgative, refrigerant, diuretic. 

Use. In cases requiring a mild purgative. Chiefly 
used for making acetic acid. 

Dose. From jj to Ziv in any bland fluid. 

Incomp. Carbonate of lime, sulphuric, nitric, and 
hydrochloric acids. 

SODA BICARBONAS. Bicarbonate of Soda. 
Use. The same as that of the carbonate. 
Dose. Grs. x to 3ss. 

SOD BORAS. Borate of Soda. Borax. 

Diuretic, emmenagogue. 

Use. In nephritic and calculous complaints, de- 
pending on an excess of uric acid. As a detergent 
in aphthous affections of the mouth in children, 
rubbed up in sugar in the proportion of 1 to 7, or 
rubbed with honey. 

Dose. From grs. xx to grs. xl; or combined with 
cream of tartar. 

SODA CARBONAS. Carbonate of Soda. 

Antacid, deobstruent. 

Use. In dyspepsia, and acidities of the stomach ; 

@ 


SOD 145 


united with bitters; in uric acid and gravel, in 
hooping-cough, bronchocele, and in scrofulous af- 
fections. 

Dose. Grs. x to 3ss twice or thrice a day. 

Incomp. Lime, acids, unless as an effervescing 
draught, hydrochlorate of ammonia, earthy and 
metallic salts. 

SODA CARBONAS EXSICCATA. Dried Carbonate 
' of Soda (The carbonate made to undergo the wa- 
tery fusion; and, when dry, reduced to powder.) 

Antacid, lithontriptic. 

Use. In acidity of the stomach; but chiefly in 
calculus in the kidneys, and other affections of the 
urinary organs. 

Dose. Grs. v to grs. xv, made into pills, with some 
aromatic powder and soap. 

SOD ET POTASSA TARTRAS. Rochelle Salt. 

A mild, cooling purgative. 

Dose. 38s to 3}. 

SODA PHOSPHAS. Phosphate of Soda. 

A mild purgative. 

Dose. %j to Zij in gruel or weak broth. 

SODA SULPHAS. Sulphate of Soda, or Glauber’s 
Salts. (From the salt which remains after the dis- 
tillation of hydrochloric acid, the superabundant 
acid being saturated with carbonate of soda.) 

Purgative; in small doses diuretic 

Use. In costiveness: in bilious colics largely di- 
luted. 

Dose. Of the effloresced salt in powder, Ziij to 
3v)j; of the crystallized salt in solution, Zvj to 3xij; 
its nauseous taste may be corrected by lemon juice 
or cream of tartar. 

Incomp. Carbonas potasse, chlorides of calcium 

_ and barium, salts of lead, of silver. 


13 @ 


146 SPI 


SODIT CHLORIDUM. Chloride of Sodium. Muriate 
of Soda, or Sea Salt. 

Tonic, purgative, anthelmintic, externally stimu- 
lant. 

Use. In some cases of dyspepsia and worms; in 
sea scurvy, and purpura; in large doses to check 
vomiting of blood; as an ingredient in clysters; a 
fomentation to bruises; and, added to water, to 
form a stimulant bath. 

Dose. Grs. x to 388. In clysters Ziv to 3j. 

SOLIDAGO. Golden Rod. (S. odora.) 

‘Aromatic, stimulant, carminative, ‘tptarstie: 

Use. To relieve pain arising from flatulence: to 
allay nausea. 

SOLUTIO ACETATIS ZINCI. Solution of Acetate of 
Zine. (Sulphatis Zinci 3j, Aq. Destil. fZx, dissolve 
Acetatis Plumbi Div, Aq. Destil. fZx. Solve. Mix 
the solutions, and after they have remained at rest 
for a little time, filter the mixture. A limpid fluid.) 

Astringent. 

Use. Externally, as a collyrium in ophthalmia, 
after the vessels are unloaded; and as an injection 
in gonorrhea. 

(In this preparation a double decomposition takes 
place ; the sulphate of lead which is formed is in- 
soluble, and the acetate of zinc soluble, on which 
account they are thus easily separated; but when 
the acetate is intended to be used as an injection in 
gonorrhea, the mixture should not be filtrated.) 

SPIGELIA. Indian Pink Root. (S. marilandica.) 

Anthelmintic. | 

Use. For the expulsion of lumbrici; in the remit- 
ting fever of infancy. Its use should be preceded 
by an emetic, and followed by a warm purgative. 

Dose. Grs. x to 38s of the powdered root, every 
night and morning, till the worms are expelled; or 
an infusion combined with senna. 


SPI 147 


SPIRMA. Hardhack. (S. tomentosa.) 

Tonic, astringent. 

Use. In cholera infantum, diarrhoea, and all cases 
where a tonic combined with an astringent effect is 
needed. 

Dose. Of the extract, from grs. v to grs. xv; from 
f3j to fZij of the decoction. 

SPIRITUS ATHERIS NITRICI. Spirit of nitric 
Ether. Sweet Spirit of Niter. 

Refrigerant, diuretic, antispasmodic, diaphoretic. 

Use. In febrile diseases ; spasmodic asthma; and 
dropsies, as an assistant to more active remedies. 

Dose. xx to fZj in any convenient vehicle. 

SPIRITUS ATHERIS SULPHURICI COMPOSITUS. 
Compound Spirit of Ether. Hoffman’s Anodyne 
Liqnor. (Aitheris Sulph. f Zviij, Spiritus Rectifi- 
cati fZxvj, Olei Atherei fZiij. Mix.) 

Stimulant, antispasmodic. 

Use. In typhus fever, hysteria, and to allay irri- 
tation in painful diseases: in headaches externally, 
when the part to which it is applied is kept covered 
with the hand, in which case it acts as a rube- 
facient. 

Dose. £388 to fZij in any-convenient vehicle. 

SPIRITUS AMMONIA. Spirit of Ammonia. 

Stimulant, diaphoretic, antispasmodic. 

Use, In paralysis, faintings and nervous debilities. 

Dose. £3ss to f3j in water. 

SPIRITUS AMMONIA AROMATIOCUS. Aromatic 
Spirit of Ammonia. 

Stimulant, diaphoretic. 

Use. In the same cases as the Spirit of Ammania ; 
it is more grateful and less acrimonious. 

Dose. £38s to f£Zj in any convenient vehicle. 

Incomp. Acids, acidulous salts, metallic salts, 
lime-water. 


* 


148 SPI 
SPIRITUS AMMONIA FQITIDUS. Fetid Spirit of 


Ammonia. 

Stimulant, antispasmodic. 

Use. In hysteria, atonic gout, and spasmodic 
asthma. 

Dose. f3ss to 3j in water. 

SPIRITUS CAMPHORATUS. Spirit of Camphor. 
(Camphoree Ziv, Spirit. Rect. Oij.) 

Stimulant, anodyne, discutient. 

Use. Externally, against rheumatic pains, para- 
lytic numbness, chilblains, gangrene, and for dis- 
cussing. tumors. 

Incomp. Water, which precipitates the camphor. 

SPIRITUS JUNIPERE COMPOSITUS. Compound 
Spirit of Juniper. 

Stimulant, diuretic. 

Use. As an adjunct to diuretic infusion in drop- 
sies. 

Dose. £233 to £3). 

SPIRITUS LAVANDULA. 

Use. As a perfume, and to make the following 
articles : 

Spiritus Lavandule Comp., Linimentum Cam- 
phoree Comp. 

SPIRITUS LAVANDULAZ COMPOSITUS. Com- 
pound Spirit of Lavender. (Spir. Lavand. Ojss, Spir. 
Rosmarini Oss, Cinnamomi cont., Myristica cont. 
sing. Zliss, Pterocarpi cont. Zv 

Use. In fainting and chronic debility. 

Dose. WXxx to 3j. 

SPIRITUS MENTH# PIPERITA. Spirit of Pepper- 
mint. 

Carminative, stimulant. 

Use. In nausea, flatulence and faintings. 

Dose. f3ss to fZiij. 


SPO 149 


SPIRITUS MENTHA PULEGII. Spirit of Penny- 
royal. 

Use. The same as ‘that of spearmint. 

Dose. £3} to fZiv. 

SPIRITUS MENTHZ VIRIDIS. Spirit of Spearmint. 

Carminative, stimulant. 

Use. In nausea, flatulence and faintings. 

Dose. £388 to fZij, in any proper vehicle. 

SPIRITUS MYRISTICA. Spirit of Nutmeg. 

Cordial, carminative. 

Use. In faintings, and as an adjunct to griping 
purgatives. 

Dose. £388 to fzZiv. 

SPIRITUS PIMENTAl. Spirit of Pimento. 

Cordial, carminative. 

Use. In flatulent colic, atonic gout, &. 

Dose. £3j to fZiv. 

SPIRITUS PYROXILICUS. Wood Naphtha. 

Narcotic, sedative, antiemetic. 

Dose. 10 to 40 drops, three times a day. 

SPIRITUS ROSMARINI. Spirit of Rosemary. 

Stimulant. 

Use. In languors : externally to aha and bruises. 
A fragrant perfume. 

Dose. £3) to fZiv. 

SPIRITUS VINI GALLICI. Brandy. 
SPONGIA. Sponge. 

Use. External. For absorbing the acrid discharge 
from ulcers; suppressing hemorrhages, when the 
bleeding mouth of the vessel is compressed with it; 
to form tents for dilating wounds, in which case 
the sponge is immersed in melted wax, and cooled 
before being used; for making burnt sponge. 

SPONGLH USTA PULVIS. Burnt Sponge. (The 
sponge is cut into pieces, burnt to a friable coal in 
a covered_vessel, and rubbed to a powder.) 
13* 


150 STR 


Tonic, deobstruent, antacid. 

Use. In bronchocele, scrofulous complaints, and 
herpetic eruptions. 

Dose. 3j to Ziij, made into an electuary, with 
honey and powdered cinnamon. 

STANNI PULVIS. Powder of Tin. 

Anthelmintic. 

Dose, 38s in molasses, for several mornings, fol- 
lowed by a cathartic. 

STATICE. Marsh Rosemary. (S. caroliniana.) 

Astringent, antiseptic. 

Use. In gargles, in aphthous and malignant sore 
throat; and internally in chronic dysentery. 

STILLINGIA. Queen’s Root. (S. sylvatica.) 

Emetic, cathartic, alterative. 

Use. In secondary syphilis, scrofula, &c. 

Dose. Powder, 15 to 30 grs., tincture (Zij to Oj) 
fz}. 20 to 40 drops of fluid extract. 

STRAMONIT SEMINA FOLIA. The Leaves and Seeds 
of Thorn Apple. (Datwra stramonium.) 

Use. The same as the extracts. 

Dose. Seeds gr. j, powdered leaves grs. ij. 

STRYCHNIA. Strychnia. An alkali prepared from 
the Strychnos Nux Vomica. 

Use, As a tonic in pyrosis, passive diarrhoea, and 
leucorrheea; in cases of partial paralysis not de- 
pending on organic disease, especially when caused 
by carbonate of lead. 

Dose. From gr. 1-12 to gr. Ath, in acid solution. 

STRYCHNOS IGNATIA. Ignatia Bean. (lgnatia 
amara.) 

Tonic, and nervous stimulant, virtue depends on 
strychnia. 

Use. In dyspepsia of all grades. 

Dose. 5 to.10 drops of fluid extract. 

STRYCHNOS NUX VOMICA. iy 


SUL 151 


Tonic, stimulant; when taken in large doses, it 
produces tetanic spasms. 

Use. In dyspepsia, gout, rheumatism; and espe- 
cially in paralysis of the lower extremities. 

Dose. From grs. iij to grs. xij. 

STYRAX. Storax. (S. officinale.) 

Stimulant, expectorant. 

Use. Seldom used alone, but as an adjunct, 
chiefly on account of its fragrance and aromatic 
properties. 

Dose. Grs. x to ps. 

SUCCINUM. Amber. 
Use. To afford its essential oil and acid. 
SULPHUR PRACIPITATUM. Precipitated Sulphur, 
Lac Sulphuris. 

Laxative and alterative ; emmenagogue. 

Use. In cutaneous affections, and as a laxative in 
constipation and hemorrhoids. 

Dose. 3j in the form of an electuary, two or three 
times a day, or combined with magnesia or cream 
of tartar. 

SULPHUR SUBLIMATUM. Sublimed Sulphur, Plow- 
ers of Sulphur. 

Stimulant, laxative, diaphoretic, transpiring 
through the cutaneous exhalants. 

Use. As a laxative in chronic rheumatism, atonic 
gout, rachitis, asthma, and some pulmonary affec- 
tions ; in hemorrhoidal affections it is the only laxa- 
tive that should be employed, united with magnesia 
or. bitartrate of potassa. A specific in itch, and 
several cutaneous diseases, when either internally 
or externally exhibited. 

Dose. 38s to 3ij taken night and morning. 

SULPHURIS IODIDUM. Iodide of Sulphur. (KR. 
Iodine Ziv, Sulphur Zj. Rub together in a glass 
mortar till thoroughly mixed. Put the mixture into 


152 SYR 


a matrass, close the orifice loosely, and apply a 
gentle heat, so as to darken the mass without melt- 
ing it. When the coior has become uniformly dark 
throughout, increase the heat so as to melt the 
iodide; then incline the matrass in different direc- 
tions ; and, lastly, allow it to cool, break it, and put 
the iodide ‘into bottles, which are to be kept well 
stopped.) 

A powerful alterative, bepecially in lupus, acne, 
and psoriasis. 

Use. In cutaneous affections, secondary syphilis, 
rheumatism, &c. The ointment of iodide of sulphur 
should be made at first by mixing grs. x of the 
iodide with 3j lard: the strength may be gradually 
increased, as the skin can bear it, until it contains 
3ss to the 3j lard or spermaceti ointment. 

SYMPHYTUM OFFICINALE. Comfrey. 

Demulcent, astringent. 

Dose. 3ij to Ziv of fluid extract. 

SYRUPUS. Simple Syrup. (Sacchari Purif. Ibx, 
Aque Oiij. Dissolve the sugar in the water with a 
gentle heat.) 

Use. To cover naugeous tastes; but it seldom 
renders medicine more pleasant, and might well be 
altogether dispensed with. It is the base of most 
of the other syrups. 

N. B.—The Syrups should never be kept in a 
temperature that exceeds 55°. All syrups that 
contain vegetable mucilage are apt to become ropy 
and acescent, or deposit crystals of sugar. They 
are, therefore, more suitable for the winter season. 
They should never be prepared in quantities, so as 
to be kept long on hand. 

SYRUPUS ACACIA. Syrup of Gum Arabic. (Kk. 
Gum Arabic 8 parts, Sugar 64 parts, Boiling Water 
32 parts, Orange-flower Water 1 part. Dissolve the 


SYR 153 


gum in the boiling water, frequently stirring, then 
add the sugar; boil.so as to form a syrup, and 
strain; when cold, add the orange flower water.) 

SYRUPUS ACETI. Syrup of Vinegar. (Aceti Gal- 
lica 3xj, Sacch. Pur. Zxiv. Boil them so as to form 
a syrup.) 

‘ Refrigerant, antiseptic. 

Use. In fevers, diluted with water, as a beverage; 
and in scorbutus. 

Dose. £3} to f3ij. 

SYRUPUS ALLII. Syrup of Garlic. R. Of Fresh 
Garlic sliced Zvj, Distilled Vinegar Oj, Sugar lbij. 
Macerate the garlic in the vinegar, in a glass ves- 
sel, four days; then express the liquor, and set it 
by, that the dregs may subside; lastly, add the 
sugar to the clear liquor, and remove any scum 
that may form, and strain the solution while hot. 

SYRUPUS AMYGDALA. Syrup of Almonds. Syrup 
of Orgeat. (Take of Sweet Almonds lbj, Bitter 
Almonds Ziv, Water Oiij, Sugar lbvj. Having 
blanched the almonds, rub them in a mortar to a 
very fine paste, adding, during the trituration, f Ziij 
of the water and lbj of the sugar. Mix the paste 
thoroughly with the remainder of the water; strain, 
with a strong expression; add the remainder of the 
sugar to the strained liquor, and dissolve with the 
aid of a gentle heat. Strain through fine linen, and 
having allowed it to cool, bottle, cork tightly, and 
keep in a cool place.) 

SYRUPUS AURANTIT. Syrup of Orange Peel. 
(Aurant. Cort. recent. Zijss, Aqua Ferv. Oj, Sacch. 
Pur. lbiij. Macerate the peel in the water for twelve 
hours in a covered vessel; then to the decanted 
fluid add the sugar.) 

Slightly tonic; stomachic. 
Use. An elegant adjunct to stomachic draughts 
and mixtures. 


14" 4 SYR 


Dose. £3} to £3ij. 

SYRUPUS IPECACUANHA. Syrup of Ipecacuanha. 
(Ipecacuanha in coarse powder Ziv, Rectified Spirit 
Oij, Proof Spirit, Water, of each fZxiv, Syrup Ovij. 
Digest the ipecacuanha in the rectified spirit for 
twenty-four hours, squeeze, and filter. Repeat this 
process with the proof spirit; and again with the 
water.. Unite the fluids, and distil to Zxij. Add 
Zv of rectified spirit, and then the syrup.) 

Expectorant and emetic. 

Use. In bronchitis, asthma, croup and catarrh. 

Dose. £3) to £3ij. 

SYRUPUS KRAMERLA. Syrup of Rhatany. (Take 
of Extract of Rhatany Zij, Water 0j, Sugar lbijss. 
Dissolve the extract in the water and filter, then 
add the sugar, remove the scum, and strain while 
hot.) 

Astringent and tonic. 

Dose. £388. 

Use. In all cases where astringents are indicated. 

SYRUPUS LIMONUM. Syrup of Lemons. (Limonis 
Succi colati Oj, Sacchari Purif Ibijss.) 

Cooling, antiseptic. 

Use. To sweeten and acidulate barley-water, and 
other diluting fluids, in inflammatory and bilious 
fever. <A useful addition to detergent gargles. 

Dose. £3) to f3ij or more. 

SYRUPUS RHEI. Syrup of Rhubarb. (Take of 
Rhubarb bruised 3ij, Boiling Water Oj, Sugar lbij. 
Macerate the rhubarb in the water twenty-four 
hours, and strain; then add the sugar, and proceed 
in the manner directed for Syrup. Allii.) 

SYRUPUS RHEI AROMATICUS. Aromatic Syrup 
of Rhubarb. (Take of Rhubarb, bruised, Zijss, 
Cloves, Cinnamon, bruised, each Zss, Nutmeg, 
bruised, 3ij, Diluted Alcohol Oij, Syrup Ovj. Ma- 


SYR © RASS 


cerate the rhubarb and aromatics in the diluted 
alcohol for fourteen days, and strain; then, by 
means of a water-bath, evaporate the liquor to Oj. 
And while hot mix it with the syrup previously 
heated.) 

Dose. For an infant f3j. 

SYRUPUS SARSAPARILLA COMPOSITUS. Com- 
pound Syrup of Sarsaparilla. (Take of Sarsaparilla, 
bruised, lbij, Guaiacum Wood, rasped, Ziij, Hun- 
dred Leaved Roses, Senna, Liquorice Root, bruised, 
each 3ij, Oil Sassafras, Oil Anise, each mv, Oil of 
Partridge Berry mij, Diluted Alcohol Ox, Sugar 
Ibviij. Macerate the sarsaparilla, guaiacum, roses, 
senna, and liquorice root in the diluted alcohol 
fourteen days; then express and filter. Hvaporate 
the tincture by means of a water-bath to four pints, 
filter, add the sugar, remove any scum which may 
form, and strain the solution while hot.) 

Dose. fZss three times a day. 

SYRUPUS SENNA. Syrup of Senna. (Senne Fo- 
lior. Zijss, Foeniculi Contus. 3x, Manne Ziij, Sac- 
char. Pur. xv, Aque Ferv. Oj. Macerate the senna 
leaves and fennel seeds for twelve hours, strain, 
adding the manna and sugar to the juice, to form a 
syrup.) , 

Purgative. 

Use. For the costiveness of children, and persons 
of a delicate habit of body. 

Dose. £Zij to fZss or more. 

SYRUPUS PRUNI VIRGINIANA. Syrup of Wild 
Cherry Bark. (Powdered Bark Zv, Cold Water 
Oj, Sugar 2 lbs.) 

Dose. £3ss. 

SYRUPUS SCILLA. Syrup of Squill. (Aceti Scil- 

lee Oiij, Sacch. Pur. cont. lbvij.) 
Diuretic, expectorant, emetic. 


hi) SYR 


Use. In the same cases as those for which the 
oxymel is employed; as an emetic, it is given only 
to children. 

Dose. £3j to £31j. 

SYRUPUS SCILLAZ COMPOSITUS. Compound 
Syrup of Squill. Hive Syrup. (Take of Squill, 
bruised, Seneka, each Ziv, Tartrate of Antimony 
and Potassa gr. xlviij, Water Oiv, Sugar Ibiijss. 
Pour the water upon the squill and seneka, and 
having boiled to one-half, strain and add the sugar ; 
then evaporate to Oiij, and while the syrup is still 
hot, dissolve in it the tartrate of antimony and po- 
tassa.) 

Use. In croup, and as an expectorant in pul- 
monary and catarrhal affections. 

Dose. For children ten drops to 3). 

SYRUPUS SENEGA. Syrup of Seneka. (Take of 
Seneka, bruised, Ziv, Water Oj, Sugar lbj. Boil 
the water with the seneka to one-half and strain ; 
then add the sugar, remove the scum, and strain.) 

A very useful expectorant. 

Use. In bronchial and pulmonary affections. 

Dose. £3ss to f3ij. 

SYRUPUS TOLUTANUS. Syrup of Tolu. (Balsam. 
Tolutani 3x, Aq. Fery. Oj, Sacch. Pur. lbijss. Boil 
the balsam for half an hour in a covered vessel, oc- 
casionally stirring; strain when cold, and add sugar 
to the liquor so as to form a syrup ) : 

Use. Simply to give its agreeable flavor to 
draughts, mixtures, and emulsions. 

Dose. £3} to fZiv. 

SYRUPUS ZINGIBERIS. Syrup of Ginger. (Zin- 
giberis concise Zijss, Aquz Ferv. Oj, Sacch. Purif. 
lbijss. To the strained liquor add the sugar, so as 
to form a syrup.) 

Cordial, stomachic, carminative, 


TAR Ma ap Be 


Use. As an adjunct to bitter and tonic infusions. 


Dose. 3j to Ziij 
TABACUM. The Leaves of Tobacco. (Nicotiana 
Tabacum.) 


Narcotic, sedative, diuretic, emetic, cathartic, 
errhine, a violent poison, whether externally ap- 
plied or taken into the stomach. 

Use. In ileus and incarcerated hernia, in the form 
of clysters of the infusion, or the smoke in dropsy 
and dysuria; showing it relieves the pain of tooth- 
ache; and as an errhine, it forms the basis of all 
the snuffs in common use. The infusion has been 
used as a lotion in scabies, tinea capitis, and other 
eruptions, but it is apt to induce sickness. - 

Dose. See Infusum Tabaci. For clysters, 3j is 
infused in Oj of boiling water. 

TAMARINDUS. The Pulp of Tamarind. (7’. indica.) 

Laxative, refrigerant. 

Use. In dysentery and fevers, particularly those 
attended with an increased secretion of bile and 
putrid symptoms. Tamarind whey, made by boil- 

‘ ing Zij of the fruit with Ojss milk, and straining, is 
an excellent diluent in fevers. 

Dose. 388 to Zij often added to senna and to manna. 

Incomp. Carbonates, and acetates of potassa and 
soda; the resinous cathartics ; infusum senne. 

TANACETUM. Leaves of Tansy. (7. vulgare.): 

Tonic, deobstruent, anthelmintic. 

Use. In gout; hysteria, connected with suppres- 
sion of the menses; in worms, seldom used. 

Dose. 388 to 3j. It is drunk as a tea by gouty 
people. 

TAPIOCA. Tapioca (fecula of root VT keg Manihot). 

A nutritious diet. 

TARAXACUM. The Root of Dandelion. (Leontodon 
taraxacum.) 
14 


158 TIN 


Aperient, diuretic, resolvent. 

Use. In chronic inflammation, and incipient scir- 
rhus of the liver; chronic derangements of the 
stomach; dropsy, pulmonary tubercles, and jaundice. 

Dose. £3ij of the following decoction three or 
four times a day: k. The full-grown roots, sliced, 
Ziv, Water Oij. Boil gently to a pint, strain, and 
add bitartrate of potassa Ziij. 

Incomp. Infusion of galls, nitrate of silver, bi- 
chloride of mercury, acetates of lead, sulphate of 
iron. 

TESTA. Oyster Shells (burnt). 

Antacid, absorbent. 

Use. Chiefly in the acidities of infancy, and dur- 
ing dentition. 

Dose. Grs. x to Zij. 

TINCTURA ACONITI, FOLIORUM. Tincture of 
Aconite Leaves. (Aconite Leaves Ziv, Dil. Alco- 
hol Oij.. Macerate 14 days.) 

Dose. 20 to 30 drops. 

TINCTURA ACONITI RADICIS. Tincture of Aconite 

. Root. (Aconite Root 1 lb., Alcohol Oij. Macerate 
14 days.) 

Dose. mv, gradually increased. 

TINCTURA ALOKES. Tincture of Aloes. (Aloes 
cont. Zj, Ext. Glycyrrhize Ziij, Aqua Ojss, Spir. 
Rect. Oss. Macerate for 14 days, and strain.) 

Use. The same as the Extract of Aloes. 

Dose. £388 to fZjss. 

TINCTURA ALOES ET MYRRHA#. Compound 
Tincture of Aloes. Elixir Proprietatis. (Aloes 
cont. Ziv, Croci Zij, Tinct. Myrrhe Oij. Digest 14 
days, and strain.) 

Purgative, stomachic, emmenagogue. 

Use. To open the bowels in languid cold habits; 
in chlorosis. 

Dose. £3} to £3ij. 


TIN 159 


TINCTURA ARNICA. Tincture of Arnica. (Arnica 
Flowers 3jss, Proof Spirit Zxij. Digest seven days, 
express and strain.) 

Use. In paralysis, nervous headaches, &c. Exter- 
nally to sprains, &c. 

Dose. 3ss to 3ij. 

TINCTURA ASSAFCTIDA. . Tincture of Assafce- 
tida. (Assafcetida Zv, Spir. Rectif. Oij. Macerate 
for fourteen days and filter.) 

Use. The same as the Assafcetida. 

Dose. £Zj. (It becomes turbid when mixed with 
water. : 

TINCUTURA BELLADONN A. Tincture of Belladon- 
na. (Belladonna Leaves Ziv, Dil. Alcohol Ojj. 
Macerate fourteen days.) 

Dose. 15-to 30 drops. 

TINCTURA BENZOINI COMPOSITA. Compound 
Tincture of Benzoini. (Benzoini Ziijss, Styracis 
colati f Zijss, Balsami Tolutani 3x, Aloes 3v, Spir- 
itus Rect. Oij. Macerate for fourteen days.) 

Stimulant, expectorant, antispasmodic. 

Use. In old asthmatic cases; chronic catarrh ; 
phthisis with a languid circulation. It is applied 
to wounds and languid ulcers, which it stimulates 
gently, and covers from the action of the air. 

Dose. £388 to fZij rubbed up with the yolk of egg, 
and any fluid. 

TINCTURA BUCHU. Tincture of Buchu. (Buchu 
Zijss, Spiritus Tenuioris mensura lbj. Macerate 
for seven days and strain.) 

Use. The same as that of the leaves. 

Dose. From %}j to fZiv. 

TINCTURA CAMPHORA. Tincture of Camphor. 
(Camphore Zv, Spir. Rect. Oij. Mix, that the 
camphor may be dissolved.) 

Anodyne. 


160 TIN : 


Use. A useful topical application in rheumatic 
and other pains. 

TINCTURA CANNABIS INDICA. Tincture of In- 
dian Hemp. (Ext. Cannabis Ind. 3ss [avoirdu- 
pois], Rectified Spirit Oss [Imperial]. Dissolve.) 

Dose. ™,30 gradually increased. 

TINCTURA CANTHARIDIS. Tincture of the Span- 
ish Fly. (Cantharidis contus. Ziv, Spir. Ten. Oij.) 

Diuretic, stimulant, narcotic. 

Use. In gleet, hydrops ovarii, and leucorrheea ; 
but it is chiefly used as an external application, — 
united with Soap or Camphor Liniment, against 
rheumatic and other pains. 

Dose. x to f3j. 

TINCTURA CAPSICI. Tincture of Capsicum. (Cap- 
sici 3x, Spir. Ten. Oij.) 

Stimulant. 

Use. In the low stage of typhus, cynanche malig- 
na, and other diseases of debility. In gargles in 
malignant cynanche. 
ae fZss to fZj or more. f3Zij in a gargle of 
f Z vj. 

TINCTURA CAPSICI ET CANTHARIDUM. Tinc- 
ture of Cayenne Pepper and Blistering Flies. (Can- 
tharidum contusarum 3x, Capsici 3j, Alcoholis di- 
luti Oj. Digest for ten days and filter.) 

Stimulant, rubefacient. 

Use. As a counter-irritant in deep-seated painful 
affections. 

TINCTURA CARDAMOMI. Tincture of Cardamoms. 
(Cardam. contus. Ziijss, Spir. Ten. Oij.) 

Use. The same as of the seeds. 

Dose. £3j to f3Zij or more. 

TINCTURA CARDAMOMICOMPOSITA. Compound 
Tincture of Cardamom. (Cardamom Svi, Car- 
away 3ij, Cinnamom 3v, Raisins Zv, Cochineal 3), 


TIN 161 


Dilute Alcohol Oijss. Bruise. Macerate fourteen 
days.) 

Aromatic, carminative. 

Dose. £3j to fZij. 

TINCTURA CASTOREI. Tincture of Castor. (Cas- 
torei cont. Zijss, Spir. Rectificati Oij. Macerate for 
fourteen days.) 

Tonic, antispasmodic, 

Use. In the neuroses, hysteria, and spasmodic 
affections. 

Dose. WW xx to fZij or more.: 

TINCTURA CATECHU. Tincture of Catechu. (Ca- 
techu Ziijss, Cinnam. contusi Zijss, mp le: Ten. Oij. 
Macerate for fourteen days.) 

Astringent. 

Use. In chronic dysentery and diarrhea ; leu- 
corrheea, and debilities. 

Dose. £3j to fZij in wine or some bitter infusion. 
TINCTURA ‘CIN CHONA. Tincture of Cinchona. 
(Cinchone Cordifoliz cont. Zviij, Spir. Ten. Oij.) 

Use. The same as of the bark; but owing to the 
quantity required to be exhibited to produce the 
effect of cinchona, the infusion or decoction is pre- 
ferred. 

Dose. £3) to f Ziij. 

TINCTURA CINCHONA COMPOSITA. Compound 
Tincture of Cinchona. (Cinchone Lancifoliz cont. 
Ziv, Aurant. Cort. exsiccati Ziij, Serpentariz cont. 
3vj, Croci cont. Zij, Cocci cont. 3j, Spirit. Ten. Oij. 
Macerate for fourteen days, and filter.) 

Tonic, antiperiodic, diaphoretic. 

Use. The same as the former; but it is more 
grateful, and therefore more frequently used in 
dyspepsia, and as an adjunct to disulphate of quinia 
in agues. 

Dose. £3j to f3iij. 


162 TIN 


TINCTURA CINNAMOMI. Tincture of Cinnamon. 
(Cinnamomi contusi Ziijss, Spirit Tenuioris Oij.) 

Astringent, stomachic. 

Use. AS an adjunct to astringent infusions; in 
chronic diarrhoea and dysentery ; in dyspepsia, ad- 

' ded to bitter infusions. 

Dose. £3] to £3ij. 

TINOCTURA CINNAMOMI COMPOSITA. Compound 
Tincture of Cinnamom. (Cinnam cont. 3j, Cardam. 
cont. Zss, Piperis Longi cont., Zingiberis cont., 
sing Zijss, Spir. Ten. Oij.) 

Use. The sameasthe simple tincture; but is more 
cordial, and therefore more useful in languors and 
weakness. 

Dose. £3j to f3ij. 

TINCTURA COLCHICI. Tincture of Colchicum. 
(Seminum Colchici Autumnalis Zv, Spiritus Tenui- 
oris lbij. Macerate for fourteen days, and then 
strain.) 

Use. The same as those of the dried bulb. 

Dose. Mx to 3). 

TINCTURA COLCHICI COMPOSITA. Compound 
Tincture of Colchicum. (Colchicum Seeds 3v, 
Aromatic Spirit of Ammonia Oij [Imperial]. Ma- 
cerate seven days.) 

Dose. 30 drops to f3j. 

TINCTURA COLOMBO. Tincture of Calumba. Ca- 
lumbe concise Ziij, Spir. Tenuior. Oij. Macerate 
for fourteen days, and strain.) 

Use. The same as of the root; but more easily 
borne on the stomach than either the powder or the 
infusion. 

Dose. f3ss to fZiv. ‘ 

TINOTURA CONII. Tincture of Hemlock. (Conii 
Fol. siccat. 3v, Cardamomi contus. 3j, Spir. Ten. 
Oij.) 


TIN 163 

Use. The same as that of the leaves and extract. 

Dose. Mxxx to fj. 

TINCTURA CUBEBAI. Tincture of Cubebs. (Cu- 
bebe cont. Zv, Spiritus Rec. Oij. Macerate for 
fourteen days, and filter.) 

Dose. 3j to Zij. 

TINCTURA DIGITALIS. Tincture of Foxglove. 
(Digitalis Fol. exsiccat. Ziv, Spir. Ten. Oij.) 

Use. The same as of the leaves. It is, perhaps, 
the best form under which this powerful remedy 
can be used, and its virtues longest preserved ; but 
it should be made with recently dried leaves. 

Dose. x gradually increased to NLxx. _ 

TINCTURA FERRI CHLORIDI. Tincture of Muri- 
ate of Iron. (Ferri Sesquioxidi Zvj, Acid Hydro- 
chlorici Oj, Spir. Rectificati Oiij. Add the acid to 
the sesquioxide in a glass vessel, and shake it during 
three days. Add to the spirit and strain.) 

Tonic, antispasmodic. 

Use. Besides the cases for which salts of iron are 
usually employed, this tincture has been found ser- 
viceable in dysury, depending on spasmodic stric- 
ture of the urethra, in small doses repeated every 
fifteen minutes, till nausea is produced. Itis also 
applied as a styptic to bleeding vessels in cancer- 
ous and loose fungous sores. 

Dose. Wx gradually increased to £3). 

Incomp. Alkalies, lime-water, magnesia, and their 
carbonates ; astringent vegetable infusions and de- 
coctions ; mucilage of acacia. 

TINCTURA GALL. Tincture of Galls. (Galle 
contrit. 3v, Spir. Vini Ten. Oij.) 

Astringent. 

Use. In intestinal hemorrhages, and those of the 
prostate gland, obstinate protracted diarrhoea, and 
dysentery. 


164 TIN 


Dose. £3] to fZij. 

TINCTURA GALLA AROMATICUS. Aromatic 
Tincture of Galls. (R. Galle, opt. pulv. 3ss, Cin- 
namomi pulv. 3ij, Zingiber. pulv. 388, Spts. Vini. 
Gall. opt. Oss. M. Stand two hours, burn off the 
brandy, and strain.) 

The credit of this beautiful preparation, which I 
have found of service in entero-colitis, hemorrhoids, 
&c., is due to Dr. Couper, of Newcastle, Delaware. 

Dose, Gtt. xv to gtt. xl, every two to four hours. 

TINCTURA GENTIANA COMPOSITA. Compound 
Tincture of Gentian. (Gentiane concise Zijss, 
Aurant. Cort. exsiccat. 3x, Cardamomi contusi 3v, 
Spir. Ten. Oij.) 

Tonic, stomachic. 

Use. An elegant adjunct to stomachic infusions. 

Dose. £3} to £3ij. 

TINCTURA GUAIACI. Tincture of Guaiacum. 
(Guaiaci Res. cont. Zvij, Spir. Rect. Oij.) 

Stimulant, sudorific, laxative. 

_.. Use. In rheumatic and arthritic cases. 

‘Dose. £3) to fZiij, triturated with mucilage, or 
some viscid substance, as water alone precipitates 
the guaiacum. 

TINCTURA GUAIACI AMMONIATA. Compound 
Tincture of Guaiacum. (Guaiaci Resine cont. 3 vij, 
Spir. Ammoniz Aromat. Oj.) 

Stimulant, sudorific, antispasmodic. 

Use. In chronic rheumatism, for which it is more 
particularly adapted than the former preparation. 
Dose. 38s to fZj in milk, or any viscid fluid. 

Incomp. Nitrous acid, sweet spirits of niter, solu- 
tion of chlorine. 

TINCTURA HELLEBORI. Tincture of Black Helle- 
bore. (Hellebori concise Zv, Spir. Ten. Oij.) 

Alterative, emmenagogue, purgative. 


TIN 165 


Use. In uterine obstructions in full plethoric 
habits where chalybeates would be hurtful; in cu- 
taneous eruptions. 

Dose. £388 to fZj in water twice a day. 

TINCTURA HUMULI. Tincture of Hops. (Humuli 
ZV, epir. len, Oyj) 

Tonic, sedative. 

Use. In gout and rheumatism. 

Dose. £3} to Ziij. 

TINCTURA HYOSCYAMI. Tincture of Henbane 
(Hyoscyami fol. exsiccat. Zv, Spir. Ten. Oij.) 

Narcotic, anodyne. 

Use. To produce sleep and quiet in those cases 
for which laudanum is used. It does not affect the 
head nor occasion costiveness. 

Dose. xxx to fz}. 

TINCTURA IODINII. Tincture of Iodine. (Iodine 
3j, Rectified Spirit f3 xvj.) 

Use. The same as that of iodine. 

TINCTURA IODINIT COMPOSITA. Compound 
Tincture of Iodine. (lodinii 3j, Potassa Iodidi 3ij, 
Spiritus Rectificati Oij. Dissolve the lodine and 
filter. Preserve the mixture in a closely stoppered 
vessel.) 

Use. In scrofula, bronchocele, and chlorosis. 

Dose. From 1x to Xxx, in a little syrup and 
water three times a day. 

TINCTURA JALAPA. Tincture of Jalap. (Jalapz 
cont. 3x, Spir. Ten. Oij ) 

Cathartic. 

Use. As an adjunct to purgative draughts. 

Dose. £3j to £33). 

TINCTURA KINO. Tincture of Kino. (Kino con- 
triti Ziijss, Spir. Rect. Oij.) 

Astringent. 

Use. In chronic diarrheea, dysentery, fluor albus, 
and lientery. 


166 TIN 


Dose. £3j to £31). 

TINCTURA LOBELLA. Tincture of Lobelia. (Lo- 
belia in powder Ziv, Proof Spirit Ojss.) 

Emetic, diuretic, expectorant. 

Use. For the administration of the lobelia in 
minute doses in spasmodic asthma. 

Dose. xx to f3j. 

TINCTURA MYRRH. Tincture of Myrrh. (Myr- 
rhe contuse Ziij, Spir. Rect. Oij.) 

Tonic, deobstruent, antiseptic, detergent. 

Use. In the same cases as the powder; but it is 
chiefly used externally, united to infusion of roses 
and acids, in gargles; applied to foul ulcers, and 
exfoliating bones; and as a wash for the mouth 
when the gums are spongy. 

Dose. £388 to f3j. 

TINCTURA OLEI MENTH AD PIPERITA. Essence 
of Peppermint. (Peppermint Oil f3ij, Alcohol Oj.) 

Dose. 10 to 20 drops. 

TINCTURA OPII. Tincture of Opium. (Opii Duri 
contriti Ziij, Spir. Ten. Oij.) Nineteen minims con- 
tain one grain of opium. 

Anodyne. 

Use. To allay pain, relax spasms, and to procure 
sleep. Externally this tincture has a considerable 
effect when it is rubbed upon the skin. In fever it 
should be given when moisture begins to appear on 
the skin. 

Dose. 1.x to M/xxx or more. 

Incomp. Liquor ammonia; potasse, carbonas 
potasse ; sode; metallic salts; astringent vege- 
table infusions and decoctions. 

TINCTURA OPII ACETATA. Acetated Tincture of 
Opium. (Opium pulv. Zij, Vinegar f Zxii, Alcohol 
Oss. Mix the first two, add the alcohol, and ma- 

_cerate 14 days.) 


TIN 167 


Dose. 10, equal to one gr. opium. 

TINCTURA OPII CAMPHORATA. Paregoric. (Cam- 
phore Hijss, Opii Duri cont., Acidi Benzoica, sing. 
grs. lxxij, Anisi Olei fZj, Spir. Ten. Oij.) T. Opii 
camphorata, fZj contains nearly grs. ij of opium. 

Anodyne. 

Use. In catarrh, after the inflammatory symptoms 
are abated, to allay the tickling cough ; chronic 
asthma ; pertussis ; and in cases where quiet, rather 
than sleep is required. 

Dose. £3} to fZiij at bedtime, to children mv to 
MXx, in almond mixture. 

TINCTURA QUASSLA. Tincture of Quassia. (Ligni 
Quassie 3j, Spir. Vin. Ten. Oij.) 

Tonic. 

Use. AS an adjunct to stomachic infusions; or 
taken diluted with water, in dyspepsia and other 
cases of debility. 

Dose. £3} to £33). 

TINCTURA RHEI. Tincture of Rhubarb. (Rhu- 
barb powdered Ziij, Cardamom Seeds bruised Ziv, 
Proof Spirit Oij.) 

TINCTURA RHEI ET ALOKS. Tincture of Rhubarb 
and Aloes. (Rad. Rhei Palmati con. 3x, Aloes Soc. 
cont. Z3vj, Sem. Cardamomi cont. 38s, Alcoholis 
Diluti Oij.) . 

TINCTURA RHEI ET GENTIANA. Tincture of 
Rhubarb and Gentian. (Rad Rhei Palmati cont. 
Zij, Gentiane Lutee cont. Zss, Alcoholis Diluti 
Oij.) All these tinctures of rhubarb are stomachic 
or purgative, according to the dose of them em- 
ployed. 

Use. In dyspepsia, debility of the intestines, flat- 
ulent colic, diarrhoea ; and the costiveness of old 
people, or of cold phlegmatic habits. 

Dose. £3j to fZij, as a stomachic; fziv to f Zj, as 
a purgative. 


168 : TIN 


TINCTURA RHEI ET SENNA. Tincture of Rhu- 
barb and Senna. (Rhei 3j, Senna Zij, Coriander, 
Fennel, 4a 3j, Red Saunders Zij, Saffron, Liquorice, 
ai Zss, Raisins $ lb., Dil. Alcohol Oiij. Macerate 
14 days.) 

Dose. £3ss to f Zij. 

TINCTURA SANGUINARLA, Tincture of Blood- 
Root. (Sanguinariz contuse Zij, Alcoholis diluti 
Oj. Digest for ten days, and filter.) 

Use. In the same cases as the powder. 
Dose. From m,x to f3ss. 

TINCTURA SAPONIS CAMPHORATA. Campho- 
rated Tincture of Soap. (Castile Soap Ziv, Cam- 
phor 3ij, Oil Rosemary f3ss, Water fZiv, Alcohol 
Oij. 

TINCTURA SCILLA. Tincture of Squill. (Scillz 
recent. exsiccate 3Zv, Spir. Ten. Oij.) 

Use. The same as of the bulb in substance. 
Dose. x to fZj in almond mixture or mucilage. 

TINCTURA SENNA ET JALAPZ. Tincture of 
Senna and Jalap. (Senna Ziij, Jalap 3j, Coriander, 
Caraway, a4 Zss, te 3ij, Dil. Alcohol Oiij. 
Macerate 14 days.) 

Dose. £3ij to f3j. 

TINCTURA SERPENTARIAS. Tincture of Snake 
Root. (Serpentariz cont. Ziijss, Spir. Ten. Oij.) 

Tonic, stimulant, sudorific. 

Use, United with infusion of cinchona in typhoid 
and putrid fevers ; in gout; and periodic headache. 

Dose. f38s to f3ij. 

TINCTURA STRAMONII. Tincture of Stramonium. 
(Stramonium Seed Ziv, Dil. Alcohol Oij. Macerate 
14 days.) 

Dose. 10 to m,20, gradually increased. 

TINCTURA TOLUTANI. Tincture of -Balsam of . 
Tolu. (Balsami Toluiferee Zjss, Alcoholis f3xvj.) 


TOR 169 


Supposed to be expectorant; corroborant. 

Use. Scarcely ever used except on account of its 
pleasant flavor. The following is an elegant form 
of giving the medicine in obstinate coughs devoid 
of inflammatory symptoms: k. Tincture Balsami 

- Tolutani fzij, Mucilag. Gummi Acacia f3Zj, Aque 
Dest. fZivss, Tinct. Camph. Comp fZiij, Syr. Tolutan. 
fZiij. 

Sihke two tablespoonfuls occasionally when the 
cough is troublesome. 

Dose. £388 to £3] or more. 

TINCTURA VALERIANA. Tincture of Valerian. 
(Valeriane cont. Zv, Spir. Ten. Oij.) . 

Stimulant, antispasmodic. 

Use. In nervous and spasmodic affections ; but it 
has less efficacy than the powder. 

Dose. £38s to fZij. 

TINCTURA VALERIAN AMMONIATI. Compound 
Tincture of Valerian. (Valeriane Zv, Spir. Am- 
monize Aromat. Oij.) 

Use. The same as the former; but, on account of 
the ammonia, this is more useful in hysteria. 

Dose. £3ss to fZij in milk or some bland fluid. 

TINCTURA ZINGIBERIS. Tincture of Ginger. 
(Zingiberis concisi Zijss, Spir. Ten. Oij.) 

Stimulant, carminative. 

Use. In atonic gout, when it attacks the stomach ; 
flatulencies; and as a corrigent to griping purga- 
tives. 

Dose. £3j to Ziij. 

TORMENTILLA. Tormentil Root. (Potentilla tor- 
mentilla, ) 

Astringent. 

Use. In the same cases as other astringents ; but 
as it does not increase the heat of the body, tor- 
mentil is preferred in phthisical diarrhea. 

oe 


170 TRO 


Dose. Grs. x to 3j of the powder; or f Zij of the 
following decoction: K. Pulv. Tormentille 3j, Aq. 
Pure Oj, decoque ad fZxii et cola. 

TOXICODENDRON. Poison-oak. (Rhus toxiconden- 
dron. 

Siitnulate and narcotic ; an acrid narcotic poison. 

Use. In paralytic affections and hepatic erup- 
tions ; but in the former its efficacy is doubtful ; 
also in dropsy and phthisis. 

Dose. Grs. ss to grs. iv, twice or thrice a day. . 

TRAGACANTHA. Tragacanth. (Astragalus verus.) 

Demulcent. 

Use. Small quantities held in the mouth, and 
swallowed very slowly, sheathe the fauces and allay 
tickling cough ; but it is chiefly used for pharma- 
ceutical purposes, to suspend heavy, insoluble pow- 
ders, and to impart consistency to troches. 

Dose. Grs. x to 3). 

Incomp. Cupri sulphas, plumbi acetas, and sul- 
phas ferri, precipitate its mucilage, 

TRIFOLIUM PRATENSE. Red Clover. 
Recommended in cancerous ulcers. 
TRILLIUM PENDULUM. Bethroot. 

Astringent, tonic, antiseptic. 

Dose. 3} of powdered root, 3j to Ziij fluid ext. 
TRIOSTEUM PERFOLIATUM. Fever Root. 

Cathartic, emetic, and diuretic. 

Use. In the commencement of fevers. 

Dose. Jj to 38s of the powder acts as a eathar- 
tic; of the extract, grs. x to j. It may be given 
with advantage, combined with calomel. 

TROCHISCI ACACIA. Gum Troches. (Acacie Ziv, 
Amyli 3j, Sacch. Pur. lbj. Make up the troches 
with rose-water.) 

Demulcent. 

Use. For allaying tickling cough. 


TRO id 


Dose. Two or more, ad libitum.. 

TROCHISCI CRETA. Lozenges of Chalk. (Cretz 
Preepar. Ziv, Acacie 3j, Nuces Myrist. 3j, Sacch. 
Pur. Zvj. Rub them together, and form them into 
troches with water.) 

Antacid, absorbent. 
Use. Against acidity of the stomach; cardialgia. 
Dose. Two, three, or more occasionally. 

TROCHISCI GLYCYRRHIZ# ET OPII. Troches 
of Liquorice and Opium (Take of Opium in pow- 
der Zss, Liquorice in powder, Sugar in powder, Gum 
Arabic in powder, each 3x, Oil of Anise Zij. Mix 
the powder sintimately ; then add the oil of Anise, 
and with water form them into a mass, to be di- 
vided into lozenges, each weighing six grains.) 

TROCHISCI IPECACUANH A. Troches of Ipecacu- 
anha. (R. Of Ipecac. in powder 3ss, Sugar in 
powder Zxiv, Arrowroot Ziv, Mucil. of Tragacanth. 
q. 8s. Mix intimately, and make into troches of ten 
grains each. 

TROCHISCI MAGNESIA. Magnesia Lozenges. 
(Carb. of Magnesia Zvj, Pure Sugar Ziij, Nutmeg 


j.) 
Antacid. 
Use. In cardialgia and atonic dyspepsia. 

TROCHISCI MENTH 4 PIPERIT A. Troches of Pep- 
permint. (Take of Oil of Peppermint f3j, Sugar 
in powder lbj, Mucil. Tragacanth. q. s. Rub the 
oil of peppermint with the sugar till they are thor- 
oughly mixed; then with the mucilage form them 
into a mass, to be divided into troches, each weigh- 
ing ten grains. 

TROCHISCI MORPHIA ET IPECACUANHA. Mor- 
phia and Ipecacuanha Lozenges. (Maur. of Morphia 
Jj, Ipecacuanha in powder Jj, Tinct. Tolu fZss, Pure 
Sugar Zxxv. Make into lozenges weighing fifteen 

grains each.) 


172 UNG 


Use. A substitute for Dover’s powder. 

TUSSILAGO. Coltsfoot. (7. farfara.) 

Demulcent, expectorant. 

Use. In cough, phthisis, other pulmonary com- 
plaints, and cutaneous diseases. 

Dose. 338 to 3j in milk. It is more generally 
given in decoction, made with a handful of the 
leaves boiled in two pints of water to one pint; 
strained and sweetened with syrup; the dose, a tea- 
cupful occasionally. 

ULMUS. The inner bark of Elm. (U. tee) 

Tonic, alterative, diuretic, demulcent, nutritious. 

Use. In lepra and other cutaneous affections ; di- 
arrhoea, dysentery, diseases of the urinary organs. 
Externally as an emollient. 

Dose. Of decoction Ziv to Zvj. 

UNGUENTUM ANTIMONII. Ointment of Potassio- 
Tartrate of Antimony. (Antimonii Potassio-Tar- 
tratis in pulv. trite 3j, Adipis Ziv. Mix.) 

As a topical stimulant, to cause a pustular erup- 
tion on the skin, and produce counter-irritation. 

Use. In internal inflammations and rheumatism 
of the joints. 

UNGUENTUM AQUA ROSA. Ointment of Rose- 
Water. (Take Rose-Water, Oil of Almonds, each 
f3ij, Spermaceti Zss, White ‘Wax 3j. Melt together 
by means of a water-bath, the oil, spermaceti, and 
wax; then add the rose- water, and stir the mixture 
till cold. ) 

UNGUENTUM CANTHARIDIS. Ointment of Can- 
tharides. (Cantharidis pulveris subtil. 3j, Cerati 
Resini Ziv, Aque Destillate fZiv. Boil the can- 
tharides in the water to one-half, then mix the ce- 
rate to the strained fluid, and evaporate.) 

Irritant. 

Use. To keep open issues and blisters. 


UNG 173 


UNGUENTUM BELLADONN #. Ointment of Bella- 
donna. (Ext. Bellad. 3j, Lard 3j.) 

UNGUENTUM CREASOTI. Ointment of Creosote. 
(Creasoti 38s, Lard 3j. Rub and mix.) 

Stimulant. 
Use. As a counter-irritant, and as an application 
in porrigo scutulata. 

UNGUENTUM CUPRI SUBACETATIS. Ointment 
of Subacetate of Copper. (R. Subacetatis Cupri 3], 
Cerat. Simpl. Zxv. Mix.) 

UNGUENTUM GALL. Ointment of Galls. (3j of 
powered Galls with Zvij of Lard.) 

Use. An application in piles. 

UNGUENTUM HYDRARGYRI. Ointment of Mer- 
cury. (Hydrargyri lbij, Adipis Ovis Arietis 3), 
Adipis Zxxiij.) 3ij contain 3j of mercury, 

UNGUENTUM HYDRARGYRI NITRATIS. Ointment 
of Nitrate of Mercury. Citrine Ointment. (Hy- 
drargyri 3j, Acidi Nitrici f%xj, Adipis Zvj, Olive 
Olei fZiv. Dissolve the mercury in the acid; and 
to the liquor, while it is het, add the fat and oil 
melted together.) 

UNGUENTUM HYDRARGYRI OXIDI RUBRI. Red 
Precipitate Ointment. (Red Precipitate in very fine 
powder 3j, Simple Ointment 3j. Mix well.) 

Use. In indolent ulcers, porrigo, chronic ophthal- 
mia, &c. 

UNGUENTUM IODINII. Ointment of Iodine. (Io- 
dine grs. xx, Alcohol mxx, Lard Zj. Rub the Iodine 
first with the Alcohol, then with the Lard.) 

UNGUENTUM IODINIL COMPOSITUM. Compound 
Ointment of Iodine. (Iodinii 3ss, Potassii Iodidi 
3j. Spir. Rect. f3j, Adipis Zij. Rub the iodide and 
iodine with the spirit, and then add the lard. Rub 
together into an ointment.) 


15* 


174 UNG 


Use. As an application to scrofulous tumors and 
bronchocele. ° 

UNGUENTUM MEZEREI. Ointment of Mezereon. 
(Mezereon sliced transversely Ziv, Lard Zxiv, White 
Wax Zij. Moisten the Mezereon with Alcohol, beat 
well in a mortar, digest with the lard in a salt-water 
bath 12 hours, strain, and let it cool slowly. Sepa- 
rate the medicated lard, and melt with the wax at a 
moderate heat.) 

UNGUENTUM PICIS LIQUID. Tar Ointment. (Tar, 
Suet, 44 bj. Melt and strain through linen.) 

Stimulant, detergent. 
Use. Against Jepra and other cutaneous, scabby, 
and foul eruptions. 

UNGUENTUM PLUMBI CARBONATIS. Ointment 
of Carbonate of Lead. (Plumbi Carbonatis, in pul- 
verem subtilissimum redacti 3v, Unguenti Simplicis 
3Y; Acet. Plumb. 3ij, Ung. Simp. lbj. Mix. Make 
into an ointment.) 

Use In burns and irritable sores. 

UNGUENTUM SIMPLEX. Simple Ointment. (Olei 

Olives Europe partes v, Ceree Albz partes:ij.) 
Emollient. 
Use. For softening the skin and healing chaps. 

UNGUENTUM STRAMONII. Ointment of Stramo- 
nium. (k. Fol. Stramonii [recent] lbj, Adipis Ibiij, 
Cerze Flave lbss. Boil the Stramonium leaves in 
the lard till they become friable; then strain through 
linen. Lastly, add the wax, previously melted, and 
stir them until they are cold.) 

UNGUENTUM SULPHURIS. Sulphur Ointment. 
(Sulphuris Ziij, Adipis Prep. lbss, Bergami Olei 
Mee Mix.) 

Stimulant 
Use. In itch; the fourth part of the body should 
be well rubbed with the ointment every night, till 


UVA. 175 


the symptoms disappear. Sulphur should be taken 
internally at the same time. When the smell is ob- 
jected to, the following may be used: Potassa Sub- 
carb. Ziv, Aque Rose 3j, Hydrarg. Sulph. Rubri 
3j, Ol. Lavand. fZss, Sulph. Sublimati %xj, Adipis 
Ibjss. Misce. 

-UNGUENTUM SULPHURIS COMPOSITUM. Com- 
pound Sulphur Ointment. (Sulphuris lbss, Veratri- 
cont. Zij, Potassz Nitratis 3j, Saponis Mollis lbss. 
Adipis lbjss, Bergami Olei mxxx. Mix.) 

Use. The same as the former. It is more stimu- 
lant. 

UNGUENTUM SULPHURIS IODIDI. Iodide of Sul- 
phur Ointment. (lodide Zss, Lard 3j.) 

Use. In chronic cutaneous eruptions. 

UNGUENTUM VERATRI. Ointment of White Hel- 
lebore. (Veratri contriti Zij, Adipis 3 viij, Limonis 
Olei Mxx.) 

Stimulant. 

Use. In scabies and other cutaneous affections. 

UNGUENTUM ZINCI. Ointment of Oxide of Zinc. 
(Zinci Oxydi Zj, Adipis 3 vj.) 

Astringent, stimulant. 

. Use. In ophthalmia, acrid scabby eruptions, and 
excoriated nipples: 

UVA PASSA. Raisins. 

Laxative. 

UVA URSI. Leaves of Bear’s Whortleberry. Red- 
berried Trailing Whortleberry. (Arctostaphylos uva 
Urs.) 

Tonic, astringent. 

Use. In chronic diarrhoea and dysentery ; leucor- 
rhoea, and diabetes. It has been celebrated in cal- 
culous and nephritic complaints; but it appears to 
act in the same manner as other astringents, by 
merely allaying the pain and irritability of the 
bladder. In phthisis? 


176 VER 


Dose. Of the powder, grs. xv to 3ss. 

Incomp. Salts of iron, tartar emetic, nitrate of 
silver, salts of lead, infusion of yellow cinchona 
bark. 

VALERIANA. Valerian Root. (V. officinalis.) 

Antispasmodic, tonic, emmenagogue. 

Use. Hysteria, epilepsy, hemicrania, chlorosis. 

Dose. Of the powder }j to 3j three or four times 
a day, increasing it as far as the pomach can bear it. 

Incomp. Salts of iron. 

VERATRIA. Veratria. An alkali EO from Sa- 
badilla. 

A powerful topical excitant. 

Use. Externally applied as an ointment in neu- 
ralgia, and in gouty and rheumatic paralysis. 

Dose. Not more than one-twelfth of a grain. 

VERATRUM ALBUM. White Hellebore Root. 

Violently emetic; purgative, even when applied 
externally to an issue; errhine; externally stimu- 
lant. 

Use. It is never given internally, unless in ma- 
niacal cases, in which it is not more useful than 
other strong purges; and even its use to promote a 
discharge from the nose in apoplexy and lethargy 
requires great caution. For its external use, see 
Ointment. 

Dose. As an errhine, grs. iij or grs. iv, snuffed at. 
bedtime. 

VERATRUM VIRIDE. American Hellebore. 

Slightly acrid, sedative, emetic, diaphoretic. 

Use. It is becoming popular as an arterial seda- 
tive, in fevers, pneumonia, &c. 

Dose. Of the tincture mii to MLV, repeated every * 
hour or so, and watched till its effects appear on 
the pulse The fluid extract is, perhaps, the prefer- 
able form. 


VIN 177 


VERBASCUM THAPSUS. Mullein. 

Demulcent, emollient, anodyne. An effusion used 
in mild catarrhs. 

VERBENA OFFICINALIS. Vervain. 

Formerly of repute in scrofula. 

VIOLA. Violet. (V. Pedata.) 

Mucilaginous. Slightly laxative. 

VINUM ALOES. Wine of Aloes. (Aloes in pulv. 
trite Zij, Canelle cont. Ziv, Vini Xerici Oij. Ma- 
cerate fourteen days, shake often, and strain.) 

Purgative, stomachic, according to the dose. 

Use. In cold, phlegmatic habits, in paralysis, and 
gout, to clear the bowels; in dyspepsia, and chlo- 
rosis. 

Dose. £3j to fZij to produce purging ; f3]j to fzij 
as a stomachic. 

VINUM ANTIMONIIL. Solution of Tartarized Anti- 
mony. (Antimonii Tart. Rij, Vini Xerici Oj. Dis- 
solve the tartarized antimony in the wine.) f3j 
contains grs. ij of tartarized antimony. 

Emetic in large doses; diaphoretic. 

Use. To produce vomiting in children; in febrile 
and inflammatory diseases after purging, to produce 
sweat, without heating; contraindicated in low fe- 
vers. 

Dose. £3j to f3j or a teaspoonful every five min- 
utes produces full vomiting; ny xv to fZij every two 
or three hours, in any proper vehicle, excite diapho- 
resis. 

Incomp. Preparations of cinchona, and bitter 
astringent vegetables, &c. Vide Antimonii Potas- 
sio-Tartras. 

VINUM COLCHICI RADIOCIS. Wine of Colchicum 
Root. (RK. Colchici Cormi 3viij, Vini Xerici Oij. 
Macerate for fourteen days, and strain.) 

Diuretic, sedative, purgative. 


178 VIN 


Use. In gout, rheumatism, and all inflammatory 
affections. 

Dose. From xxx to f3j, in any mild fluid. 

VINUME RGOTA. Wine of Ergot. (Ergot, bruised, 
Zij, Sherry Wine Oj. Macerate 14 days.) 

Dose. In labor, £3ij to f Ziij. 

VINUM IFECAQUANH 4s. Wine of Ipecacuanha. 
(Ipecacuanhe concise Zijss, Vini Xerici Oij.) 

Emetic, diaphoretic. 

Use. A good emetic for infants, as it operates 
more mildly than the antimonial wine: in coughs, 
diarrhoea, dysentery, and hemorrhages. 

Dose. For the former intention fZiv to fZx in di- 
vided doses; for the latter, m.x to N.xxx in some 
proper vehicle, every two or three hours. 

VINUM OPII. Wine of Opium. (Extracti Opii Zijss, 
Cinnam. Cort. cont., Caryophylli cont. sing. Zijss, 
Vini Xerici Oij.) 

Narcotic, anodyne. 

Use. In the same cases in which tincture of opium 
is used; but it occasions less disturbance of the 
brain and nervous system; and is therefore better 
suited for very young patients, nervous habits, and 
where the head is much affected. 

Dose. 1x to 3}. 

VINUM RHEI. Rhubarb Wine. (Rad. Rhei concise 
Zij, Canelle pulv. 3j, Alcoholis Diluti Zijss, Vini 
Albi Hispani 3 xvjss.) 

Laxative, stimulant. 

Use. In weakness of the stomach and bowels; 
and in diarrhoea from viscid mucus. 

Dose. fZiv to fZss. 

VINUM XERICUM. Spanish White Wine, or Sherry. 

When good, and of a proper age, wine, in small” 
quantities, is tonic, antispasmodic, and nutritive ; 
when new, flatulent, and purgative, sooner intoxi- 


ZIN . 179 


cating, and, instead of strengthening, produces de- 
bility. 

Use. In the low and sinking stages of typhus fe- 
ver, the judicious exhibition of it fills the pulse, and 
restores its firmness, without increasing delirium ; 
but it is hurtful, if given when the skin is very hot 
and dry. It is useful also in tetanus, chorea, and 
some other convulsive affections; and in most cases 
in which tonics are indicated. In the convalescences 
from all severe diseases it is a remedy on which 
much dependence used to be placed; much less used 
at present. Hock is the best wine for dyspeptics. 

Dose. £3 ij to Oiij in twenty-four hours, according 
to the nature of the disease and the previous habits 
of the patient. : 

WINTERA AROMATICA. Winter’s Bark. 

Carminative, tonic. 

Use. As an adjunct to stomachic infusions, in 
dyspepsia, and scorbutus. 

XANTHORRHIZA. Yellow Root. (CY. apitfolia.) 
re TORIC 

Use. In all cases where a pure tonic is indicated. 
Its properties are analogous to those of columbo 
and quassia. 

XANTHOXYLUM. Prickly Ash. (2X. fraxineum.) 

Stimulant, diaphoretic, resembling mezereon and 
guaiac. 

Use. In chronic rheumatism, and as a topical 
remedy for toothache. 

Dose. Of the powder from grs. x to 38s; of the 
infusion, from f3j to fZiij, three or four times in 
twenty-four hours; or of the decoction, made by 
boiling 2j of the bark in Oij of water for fifteen 
minutes, fZiv to fZviij every three or four hours. 

ZINCI ACETAS. 


180 ZIN 


Use. As astringent collyrium, and as an injection 
in gonorrheea. 

Dose. Gr. j to ij to fj water. 

ZINCI CARBONAS PRASCIPITATUS. SS ae 
Carbonate of Zinc. 

Use. Same as Calamine. 

ZINGI CHLORIDUM. Chloride of Zinc. 

Use. As an alterative and antispasmodic in scrof- 
ula, epilepsy, &c. As an escharotic in scirrhous 
tumors, &c. 

‘Dose. 4 to 8 drops of ethereal tincture (Zss to 
fZiij 

ZINGE ‘ODIDUM. Iodide of Zinc. 

A solution of 10 to 30 grs. to fZj of water has 

been applied with advantage-to aniareed tonsils. 
ZINCI OXYDUM. Oxide of Zinc. 

Tonic, antispasmodic, externally detergent, exsic- 
cative. 

Use. In epilepsy, chorea, and other spasmodic 
affections. For its external use, see Ung. Zinci. 

Dose. Gr. j to vj twice a day. 

ZINCI SULPHAS. Sulphate of Zinc. 

Emetic, tonic, antispasmodic, externally astrin- 
gent. 

Use. As it operates very quickly, it is used, com- 
bined with infusion of ipecacuanha, to empty the 
stomach in the commencement of the cold stage of 
the intermittent paroxysm; and in other cases where 
immediate vomiting is required. As a tonic, it is 
useful in phthisis, dyspepsia, and nervous affections. 
Externally in collyria, in ophthalmia, after the in- 
flammatory action has subsided; in injections, in 
gonorrhoea; and as a lotion in external inflamma- 
tions, and to stop inordinate discharge. 

Dose. Grs. x to 38s, to produce vomiting; asa 
tonic, gr. j to grs. ij twice or thrice a day. 

® 


ZIN 181 


oa Incomp. Alkalies, earths, sesquicarb. ammonia, 
hydrosulphurets, lime-water, astringent vegetable 
infusions, milk. ; 

ZINGIBER. Ginger Root. (Z. officinale.) 

Carminative, stimulant, sialagogue. 

Use. In gout, flatulent colic, dyspepsia, and tym- 
panitis; as an adjunct to griping purgatives; less 
heating than pepper. 

Dose. Grs. x to Hj; an overdose is apt to induce 
spasmodic stricture. 


16 


182 


VIL. 


' PHARMACEUTICAL ARRANGEMENT OF 
THE MATERIA MEDICA. 


I.—INORGANIC PRODUOTS. 


MINERAL ACIDS—TONICS AND ASTRINGENTS. 


Acidum Carbonicum (see Aq. Medicata). 
“  Muriaticum, HCl,+-water. Dose 13 to 5. 
a fe dilutum. 1 pt. to 3 of water. 
Dose M15 to 40. : 
“¢ Nitricum. HO,NO,+3HO. Dose m1 to i: 
“ Nitroso-nitricum. HO »NO;+NO, Dose m1 


to 4. 
“  Nitricum dilutum. 1 to 6 pts. water. Dose 
M15 to 40. 
“  Nitro-muriaticum. 1 pt. Nit. 2 Mur. Acid. 
Dose m3 to 5. 


ak Sulphuricum. HO,SO,. Dose m1 to ij. 
‘3 dilutum. 1 pt. to 13 water. 
Dose m15 to 40. 

Ee Aromaticum—Alcoholic and 
Aromatic. Dose m15 to 30. 

m = OSpuone (glacial), HO,PO;. Solid. 

“s dilutum. 1 ‘vt. ‘to 10 water. 
Dose m15 to 40. 


THE ALKALIES AND THEIR SALTS. 
Group 1. 


Potash. From ley of wood ashes. 
Potassee Carbonas Impurus. (Pearlash.) 


INORGANIC PRODUCTS. 183 


Saleratus. 2KO,3C0,. 
Potassee Carbonas. KO,CO,,3HO. 
Liquor Potasse Carbonas. 3xij tof3Zxij water: An- 
tilithic antacid. Dose m10 to-f3j. 
Potasse Bicarbonas. KO,2CO,,HO. 
Liquor Potass. Boiling Carb. with Hydrate of Lime. 
Antacid. Dose m5 to fgss. 
Potassa. KO,HO. Caustic Potash. Escharotic. 
sé Cum Calce. Milder escharotic. 
Potassee Acetas. KO,Ac. Diuretic, Grs. 10 to Jij. 
“6 Citras. KO,Ci. Refrigerant, diaphoretic. 
Dose )j to 3ss. ; 
« Chloras. KO,C10;. Refrigerant, diuretic. 
Dose grs. 10 to Jss. 
Group 2. 
Sodii Chloridum. NaCl. (Common Salt.) 
Sodz Sulphas. ‘a »SO0,-+-10HO. Cathartic. Dose 
ss to 
te aacuie NaO,CO,+-10HO. (Sal Soda.) 
“¢  Carbonas LExsiccatus. NaO,CO,. Antacid. 
Dose grs. 5 to 15. 
‘© Bicarbonas. NaO,2CO,+HO. Antacid. Dose 
J to 3). 
6 de 2Na0,HO,PO,-++-24HO. Cathartic, 
diuretic. Dose 3ij to 3). 
Liquor Sode Chlorinate. Labarraque’s Disinfectant. 
Sod Acetas. NaO,Ac-+6HO. Used in preparing 
Acetic Acid. ae 
“ YValerianas. NaOQ,Va. For preparing other 
valerianates. 
Group 3. 
Crude Argols or Tartar. From wine casks. 
KO,HO,T (cream of tartar). 
Purified by recrystallization. Dose 
© 38s to 3). 


Potasse Bitartras. 


184 INORGANIC PRODUCTS. 


Sode et Pot. Tartras. KO,Na0,T-+8HO. Cathartic. 
Dose 3ij to 3j. ‘f 
Potasse Tartras. 2KO,2T. Dose 3j to 3j. 
Group 4. 


Potasse Nitras. KO,NO;. Sedative, diuretic. Dose 
grs. Vv to 3). 

Sal-prunelle—fused saltpeter. 

Potasse Sulphas. KO,SO,. Cathartic. Dose 3j to Zij. 

Sod, Boras. NaO,2BO,-+10HO. Used in gargles, &c. 


Group 5. 


Ammonize Murias. NH,,HCl. Stimulant, expecto- 
rant. Dose grs. 5 to 20. 
Liquor Ammoniz—aqueous sol. of ammonia. 


Spiritus $f alcoholic ‘ “a m,10 to 30 
largely dil. 
yf iH aromaticus ‘! with aromatics. 


Dose 1120 to f3j 
Ammoniz Carbonas. 2NH,0,3C0,+2HO. Stimulant, 
antacid. Dose grs. 5 
Liquor Ammon. Acetatis. (Spts. of Mindererus.) Dia- 
phoretic. Dose fzj to f3Zss. 


PREPARATIONS OF EARTHS. 
1. Lime. 


Creta Preparata. CaO,CO,. Antacid. Dose grs. 10 to 7}. 

Calcis Carb. Precipitata—same as above, but more 
elegant. 

Liquor Calcis—Lime-water. Antacid. f Dose £388 to 

{ fZij in milk. 

Calcii Chloridum. CaCl. 

Liquor Calcii Chloridi. 1 pt. CaCl in 2°5. Deob- 
struent. Dose m30 to f3j. 

Calx Chlorinata. Ca0,Cl0-+CaCl. Chloride of 


Lime. 
ee 


‘ INORGANIC PRODUCTS. 185 

Calcis Phosphas. 3Ca0,PO,.- Antiscrofulitic. Dose 
grs. 10 to ss. 

Syrupus Ferri Phosphatis Comp. Syrup of the phos- 
phates. Dose a teaspoonful. 


2. Magnesia, 


Magnesie Sulphas. Mg0,SO,4+-7HO. Cathartic. Dose 
38s to 3j. 
ef Carbonas. 4Mg0,CO,,HO,MgO,2HO. An- 
tacid. Dose Aj to 3j. 
‘ Bicarbonas. (Soluble Magnesia.) 
Magnesia. MgO. By calcining the Carb. Cathartic. 
Dose 3). 
Liquor Magnes. Citratis. Dosé 3j of salt in f3 xij bottle. 


3. Baryia. — 
Liquor Barii Chloridi. Dose 3j to fZviii water. De- 
obstruent. gtt. 5. 


4. Alumina. 
Alumen. KO,SO,,-++Al,0,,350,+24HO. Astringent, 
&c 


# Exsiccatum. (Burnt Alum.) Used externally. 


NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS. 
1. Lodine. 


Todinium. I. Alterative. 
Potassii Jodidum. Alterative. Dose grs. 2 to 5. 
Tinct. Iodinii. 3ss to f%j Alcohol. Used externally. 
de Oomp.'I, grs. LAT RLY sss. to. 13). 
Dose ™15 to 30. 
Liquor ‘* I, grs. 224 KI gr. 45 tofZj. Lugol’s 
Solution. Dose nm 10 to 20. 
16* 


186 INORGANIC PRODUCTS. 


2. Bromine. 
Brominum. Br. Obtained from bdittern, at Salt Works. 
Potassii Bromidum. Alterative. Dose grs. 5 to 10. 
Liquor Ferri Bromidi. Solution in excess. Alterative. 
~ Dose m5 to 10. 


3. Sulphur. 
Sulphur. 8. sublimed. Alterative, laxative. Dose 
Ai gers. 10 to 3ij. 
ie aieibes gis Alterative, epee Dose 


ij to 
Sulphuris Iodidum. 1S, . In ointment. 


METALLIC ELEMENTS. 
1, Jron. (Ferrum.) 


Ferri Pulvis. Fe. (Quevenne’s Iron by Hydrogen.) 
Dose gr. j to ilj. 
‘« Sulphas. FeO,SO,4-7HO. Hematic, astringent. 
Dose grs. 3 to 5. 
“¢ Subcarbonas. Fe,0,,2HO+Fe0,CO,. Dose grs. 
5 to 9j. 
8 era In Amenorrheea, &. Dose grs. 5 
to 10. 
Tinct. Ferri Chloridi. 32 grs. FeCl, in f3j alcohol. 
Astringent. Dose m10 to 30. 
Ferrum Ammoniatum. Deobstruent. Dose grs. 4 to 10. 
Liquor Ferri per Sulphatis. Fe,0,,350,-+-Aq. 
Ferri Oxidum Hydratum. Fe,0,,3HO. By adding Am- 
monia to the above. 
“ Citras. Fe,0,,Ci. Dose grs. 3 to 5. 
“ et Quiniz Citras. Dose grs. 2 to 5. 
* Lactas. FeO,L,3HO,. In Chlorosis., Dose grs. 
j to iij. 
“ et Potasse Tartras. Fe,0,,KO,T. Dose grs. 
10 to 20. 


INORGANIC PRODUCTS. 187 


Ferri Ferrocyanuretum. 3Cfy,4Fe. Sedative, tonic. 
- Dose ers. 5 to 15. 
Liquor Ferri Nitratis. Fe,0;,3NO,+Aq. Astringent. 
Dose m5 to 15. 
Ferri Iodidum. Fel. Decomposes. Dose grs. j to ij. 
Liquor Ferri Iodidum. Fel. grs. vii to 3i Syrup. 
Dose 1120 to 40. 
Ferri Bromidum. FeBr. Tonic, alterative. Dose grs. 
2 to 5. 
“ Valerianas. Fe,0,,3Va. In Hysteria, &c. Dose 
gr. j. 
2. Manganese. 
Manganesie Sulphas. MnO Bess Tonic, cath, 
Dose grs. 5 to 
Carbonas. 2MnO ’C0,-+HO. Dose grs. 5. 
Syrupus Manganesii Iodidi. 3j Mn Ito fZj. Dose m10. 


3. Copper. 


Cupri Sulphas. CuO,SO,4+-5HO. Tonic, astringent, 
&c. Dose gr. } to 5. 

Cuprum Ammoniatum. OCu0O,SO,+2NH,HO. An- 
tispasm. Dose gr. 4. 

Cupri Subacetas. 2000 ,Ac+6HO. Escharotic. 


4. Zine. 


Calamina Preeparata. (Carbonate.) ZnO,CO,. 
Zinci Sulphas. ZnO,SO,+-7HO. Tonic, 3 gr. to ij; 
Emetic 10 grs. 
“ Carbonas Precipitatus. Used in cerate. 
“ Oxidum. ZnQ. Tonic, astringent, dessiccant. 
“ Acetas. ZnO,Ac. Astringent; used in Colly- 
ria and Injection. 
¢ Chloridum. ZnCl. Escharotic, antiseptic. 
“ Cyanuretum. ZnCy. In Epilepsy, Chorea, &c. 
Dose gr.'4 toj.. _ 
“© Valerianas. ZnO,Va. In nervous affections. 
Dose grs. j to ij. 


188 INORGANIC PRODUCTS. 


5. Lead. 


Plumbi Oxidum Semivitreum. PbO. Litharge. 
«(Acetas. PbO,Ac,3HO. Sedative, astringent. 
Dose grs. % to iij. 
Liquor Plumbi Subacetatis. (Goulard’s Extract.) 
Plumbi Carbonas. PbO,CO,. Used externally. 
‘* - Nitras. PbO,NO,. Disinfectant. 
Iodidum: Pbl. een resolvent ointment. 


6. Silver. 


Argenti Nitras. AgO, NO,. (Crystals.) -Alterative- 
Dose gr. 4 to j. 
‘«  Nitras fasus (sticks). Lunar Caustic. 
“  Oxidum. AgO; a substitute for the Nitrate. 
Dose gr. 4 to ij. 


7. Bismuth. 
Bismuthi Subnitras. BiO,,NO;. Tonic, antispasm. 


8. Antimony. 


Aneniontt Sulphuretum. SbS,. Horse medicine. 
a Sulphuretum Preecipitatum: SbO,-+-5Sb, 
S,+16HO. Alterative. Dose gr. j to iij. 
a et Potasse Tartras. SbO,,KO,T+3HO. 
Emetic, grs. ij. Diaphoretic and expec- 
torant, gr.4 to} Sedative, 4 to j gr. 
Vinum Antimonii. Grs. ij tofZj white wine. Dose 
grs. 4 to fz}. 
Pulvis Antimonialis. (James’ powder.) Alterative, 
diaphoretic. Dose gr. iij to x. © 


9. Arsenic. 


Acidum Arseniosum. AsQ,. (White Arsenic.) 

Liquor Potasse Arsenitis. AsO;,KO,CO,, 64 grs. 
each to Oj.—grs. iv AsO, to fi. (Fowler’s Solu- 
tion.) Dose m3 to 15. 


ORGANIC PRODUCTS. 189 


Arsenici Iodidum. AsI;. 

Liquor Hydrargyri.et Arsenici Iodidum. AsI,+Hgl, 
each, 70 grs. to Oj. (Donovan’s Solution.) Dose 
M5 to 20. 


10. Mercury. 


Hydrargyri Chloridum Corrosivum. Hg(Cl. Alterative. 
Dose gr. 1-16 to 4. 
as Chloridum Mite. Hg,Cl. Cathartic and 
alterative. Dose 1-12 to 20 grs. 
‘ Sulphas Flavus. 3HgO, 280,. Emetic. 
Dose 3 gers. 
a“ Iodidum Rubrum. Hgl. Alterative. Dose 
1-16 to i gr. 
Ut Todidum. Hg,L. Viride, Alterative. Dose 
¢ to 1 gr. 
“ Sulphuretum Rubrum. HgS. Alterative, 
fumigations. 
a Sulphuretum Nigrum. Hg,S. Mild altera- 
tive. Dose grs. 5 to 3). 
a Oxidum Rubrum. HgO. Stimulant, ex- 


ternal. 

a Oxidum Nigrum. Hg,0. Alterative. Dose 
+ to 3 grs. 

a ee HgCy. Alterative. Dose 
1-16 to 4 gr. 


Hydrate yam Ammoniatum. Hg,C1,NH,. External. 
cum OCreta. 3Hg-+5, Cad, CO,. An- 
tacid alterative. Dose } to 3 ors. 


II. ORGANIC PRODUCTS. 
LIGNIN AND ITS DERIVATIVES. 


Lignin or Cellulose. ©,,H,,O. (Gossypium, cotton.) 
Collodium. Ethereal Solution of prepared cotton— 
Artificial cuticle. 


190 ORGANIC PRODUCTS. 


Carbo Ligni (Carbo animalis similar). Charcoal. Dose 
1 or 2 teaspoonfuls. 

Acidum Aéeticum. (Dilutum in 1 pt. to 7 of water.) 

Spiritus Pyroxylicus. C,H,0,. (Wood Naphtha.) Seda- 
tive. Dose 10 to 40 drops. 

Creasotum. (©,,H,O,. Internally to check nausea. 
Dose gtt j. 


FARINACEOUS, MUCILAGINOUS, AND SACCHARINE MEDI- 
CINES. 


1. Fecula.—Amylum (starch), Canna (tous le rita), 
Maranta (arrow-root), Sago, Florida arrow-root, 
Tapioca. 

2. Gums.—Acacia, Mezquite gum, Salep, Tragacan- 
tha. 

3. Sugars.—Saccharum, Saccharum candium (rock 
candy), Lactin (sugar of milk), Treacle (molasses), 
Mel (honey), Manna, Extractum glycyrrhize (li- 
quorice). 


PROTEIN AND SIMILAR PRINCIPLES. 


Fel Bovinum. (Inspissated ox-gall.) Laxative. Dose 
ers. 5 to 10. 
Ichthyocolla (Gelatine)—as dietetic and in plaster. 


ALCOHOL AND ETHERS. 


Alcohol. ©,H,0,HO. The standard has sp. gravity 
“836... Of ‘this, brandy has 55 per cent., Irish Whis- 
key 52, Rum 53, Gin 51, strong Port Wine 25, weak 
Port 19, Currant Wine ’20, Madeira 24, Sherry 19, 
Claret 12 to 17, Hock 12, Champagne 12, Cider 5 to 
9, Ale 6 to 8, Porter 4 to 6 per cent. 

Aither. C,H,O. Best Anesthetic 1 pt. Ether, 2 of 
Chloroform. 

Spiritus Aitheris Compositus. (Hoffman’s Anodyne.) 
Dose gtt. 20 to £3). 


ORGANIC PRODUCTS. 191 


Spiritus Aitheris Nitrici. Refrigerant, diaphoretic. 
Dose gtt. 10 to fZij. 

Chloroformum. C,HCl,. Anesthetic, anodyne, &c. 
Dose gtt. 20 to 60. 


FIXED OILS AND FATS, 

Glycerin. C,H,O;+HO (sweet principle). Lubri- 
cant, miscible with water, &c. 

List.—Adeps (lard), Oleum Adipis and Stearin (from 
lard), Sevum (mutton suet), Ol. Amygdalz, Ol. 
Macidis (from fruit of myristica moschata), Ol. Ca- 
cao, Ol. Olive, Ol. Papaveris, Ol. Sesami (benne 
oil), Ol. Lini (flaxseed), Ol. Bubulum, Ol. Morrhue 
(cod-liver), Ol. Cetacei, Ol. Ricini (castor oil), Ol. 
Tiglii (croton), Ol. Palme. 


VOLATILE OR ESSENTIAL OILS. 


Carbo-Hydrogen essential oils, are the oils of Turpen- 
tine, Savine, Juniper, Cardamoms, Lemon, Cedrat, 
Neroli, Bergamot, Orange, Cubebs, Copaibee, Pep- 
per, Ginger, Amber, Cloves, and Valerian. 

Oxygenated oils (most soluble), are oils of Anise, Ab- 
sinthium, bitter Almonds, Asarum, Achillea, Buchu, 
Cajeput, Canella, Caraway, Catnip, Cascarilla, Cloves 
(heavy), Chenopodium, Carrot seed, Cassia, Cinna 
mon, Chamomile, Coriander, Cumin, Dill, Erigeron, 
Filix mas, Fennel seed, Gaultheria, Hedeoma, Hops, 
Lavender, Marrubium, Matico, Matricaria, Melissa, 
Mint (pepper and spear), Monarda, Nutmeg, Ori- 
ganum, Pimenta, Pulegium, Rose (attar), Rosemary, 
Rue, Salvia, Sambucus, Sassafras, Serpentaria, Tan- 
acetum and Valerian (heavy). 

Sulphuretted oils, are oils of Mustard, Horse-radish, 
Garlic or Onion, and Assafcetida. 

Camphors have a close relation to essential oils ; many 
of which deposit them. ° 


4 


192 ORGANIC PRODUOTS. 


RESINS. 


1. Resins proper.—Resina, Mastich, Copal, Elemi, 
Sandarac, Pix Canadensis, Pix Burgundica, Guaiaci 
resina, Succinum, Copaivic acid. 

2. Oleo resins.—Terebinthina (white turpentine), Tere- 
bintha Canadensis (balsam of fir), Terebinthina 
Veneta (Venice turpentine), Copaiba. 

3. Gum-resins—Ammoniacum (stimulant, expecto- 
rant), Assafoetida (antispasmodic), Galbanum (stim- 
ulant, antispasmodic), Sagapenum (stimulant like 
assafcetida), Gambogia (acrid cathartic), Scammo- 
nium (cathartic), Olibanum (frankincense), Myrrha 
(emmenagogue and astringent). 

4. Balsams.—Benzoinum, Balsamum Peruvianum 
stimulant, expectorant), Balsamum Tolutanum 
pee: expectorant), Styrax (stimulant and’ 
expectorant). 

5. Other articles containing resins or resinoid active prin- 
ciples.—Calamus, Cimicifuga, Colocynthis (colo- 
cynthin), Extract. Cannabis (cannabin), Guaiaci 
lignin, Helleborus (helleborit Jalapa (jalapin), 
Mezereum, Podophyllum (podophyllin), Pyrethrum 
(pyrethrin), Zingiberis, and drugs containing es- 
sential oils. (See Resinoid Extracts). 


NEUTRAL -ORGANICO PRINCIPLES. 


Names of alkaline principles terminate in 7a, neutral 
or subacid principles in a or me. 

1. Extractive matters, soluble in water —Aurantiin (from 
cortex aurantii and limonis)—Bitter extractive of 
Anthemis, of Canella, of Chimaphila, of Coptis, of 
Cornus Florida, of Eupatorium, of Gentiana, of Mar- 
rubium, of Serpentaria, and acrid extractive of 
Scille—Cathartin (in senna, cassia, and rhamni 
bacca), Ergotin (extractive of ergot), Extractive of 
Juglans (cathartis), Ilicin (in ilex, used as substi- 
tute for quiniz). 


2. 


ORGANIC PRODUCTS. 193 


Neutral crystalline principles—Absinthin (from 
absinthium), Aloin (from aloe), Amygdalin (from 
amygdala amara), Asparagin and Althein ae 
asparagus, altheea, glycyrrhize, and symphytum), 
Apocynin (from apocynum cannabinum, emetic and 
cathartic), Asclepione (from asclepias syriaca, nar- 
cotic), Caffein (from coffee, isomeric with thein), Can- 
tharidin (from cantharis), Cascarillin (from cascar- 


. illa,) Cetrarin (from cetraria), Columbin (from col- 


omba), Cubebin (from cubeba), Cusparin (from 
angustura,) Daphnin (from mezereum), Digitalin 
(from digitalis, a violent poison ; Dose, one thirtieth 
of a grain), Elaterin (from elaterium, powerful 
cathartic; Dose one-tenth grain), Hsculin (from 
eesculus), Helleborin (from helleborus), Hesperidin 
(from cortex limonis, &c.), Hydrastin (from hy- 
drastis—see page 86), Limonin (from seeds of 
lemon), Liriodendrin (from liriodendron), Maticin 


' (from matico), Meconin, Narcein and Narcotin (from 


et) 


opium), Phloridzin (from apple, cherry and plum 
trees), Picrotoxin (from cocculus indicus), Piperin 
(from piper nigrum and longum), Quassin (from 
quassia and simaruba), Salicin (from salix, &c.), 
Santonin (from semen santonica—a popular anthel- 
mintic—Dose 1 to 4 grs.), Saponin (from saponaria), 
Sarsaparillin (from sarsaparilla), Scillitin (from 
scilla), Scoparin (from scoparius), Senegin (from 
senega), Taraxacin (from taraxacum), Thein (from 
tea—see Caffein), Theobromin (from theobrome 
cacao), Xanthoxylin (from xanthoxylum). 


. Coloring principles.—Indigotin (from indigo), Orcine 


(from litmus), Chlorophylle (from leaves), Cartha- 
mus (red and yellow), Carmine (from coccus), Poly- 


 croite (from crocus—yellow), Curcumin (from cur- 


cuma—yellow), Hematin (from hematoxylon), 
Quercitrin (quercitron—yellow), Santalin (from 
17 


194 ORGANIC PRODUCTS. 


santalum), Rubian, Alizarin and Purpurin (from 
rubia), Anchusin (from anchusa—red, green), Rha- 
barbaric acid (from rheum—yellow, red, with al- 
kali), Sanguinarina (from sanguinaria), Hydrastine 
(from hydrastis—yellow). 


VEGETABLE ACIDS. 


a 


. Fruit acids.—Citric (in lemon, &c.), Tartaric (in 
grapes, used in effervescing drinks), Malic (in ap- 
ples, &c.), Oxalic (in rhubarb, sorrel, &c.), Pectic. 

. Astringent and allied acids.—Tannic (styptic, dose 
2 to 10 grs.), Gallic (astringent, dose 5 to 20 grs.), 
Ellagic, Catechu-tannic (in kino, catechu, &Xc.), 
Cincho-tannic (in cinchona bark), Cephelic (in 
ipecac.). 

3. Balsamic, having relation to essential otls.—Benzoic, 
Cinnamic, Valerianic and Hydrocyanic (sedative). 
Dose of officinal dilute acid m2 to 5. 

4. Combined with alkaloids in plants.—Meconic (with 

morphia, &c., in opium), Kinie (With quinia, &c., 

in cinchonas), Aconitic (with aconitia, &., in aco- 

nite), Strychnic or Igasuric (with strychnia and 
brucia in nux vomica), Veratric (with veratria in 
cevadilla seed), Calumbic (with bebeerina, in co- 
lumbo), Cevadic (with colchicia, in colchicum), 

Coccalinic (with menispermina, in cocculus indi- 

cus). 


bo 


VEGETABLE ALKALOIDS. 


Aconitia (4 to 2 grs. to 3j of ointment in neuralgia), 
Delphinia, Berberina, Cissampelina, Menispermina. 
The opium alkaloids are Morphia, Narcotin, Codeia, 
Paramorphia or Thebaina and Papaverina. Dose of 
morphia salts 4 to } gr.—Sanguinarina, Conia. The 
Cinchona alkaloids are Quinia, Quinidia, Cinchonia 
(Quinoidine or Chinoidine is precipitated extract), 
(Quine Sulphas is the well known antiperiodic—the 


PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. 195 


sulphates of the other alkaloids have been used as 
substitutes), Emetia or Emetina (active principle of 
ipecac), Arnicina, Lobelina, Strychnia (tonic, excito- 
motor, dose 1-12 gr.), Brucia (like strychnia, from 
nux vomica, &c., less powerful), Atropia (used in 
solution for dilating the pupil of the eye), Daturia, 
Hyoscyamia, Solania, Nicotia or Nicotina (active 
principle of tobacco), Bebeerina (the sulphate is 
tonic and antiperiodic, dose 3 to 10 grs.), Veratria 
(used in neuralgia and gout, dose 1-12 gr., or ex- 
ternally in ointment, Hj to Zj), Colchicia. 


III. PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. 


MEDICATED WATERS. 


1st Class.—By trituration with an insoluble substance, and 
subsequent filtration. 


Aqua Camphora. Camphor 3j. Carb. Magnes. Zij 
to Oj. Dose fZss. 
“ Amygdale Amare. Oil mxvi, Carb. Magnes. 
3j to Oij. Dose f3j. 
“ Cinnamomi. Oil mxvi. Carb. Magnes. 3] to Oj. 


Dose f3ij. 

“ Feeniculi. Oil xvi. Carb. Magnes. 3j to Oj. 
Dose fZij. 

“¢ Menthe Pip. Oil xvi. Carb. Magnes. 3] to Oj. 
Dose f3ij. 


‘Menthe Virid. Oil xvi. Carb. Magnes. 3j to 
Oj. Dose fZij. 
2d Class.—By distillation. 
Aq. Rosa. Rose petals lbj to Oj. . 
3d Class.—By charging water with gas. . 
Aq. Acidi Carbonici, 5 parts CO, to 1 of water. 


196 PHARMACEUTICAL. PREPARATIONS. 


INFUSIONS. 
lst Class.— With boiling water, by maceration. 
Group. 1.—3Zj to Oj. 
Infusum Cinchone Flave. Tonic. 
& Cinchonz Rubre. Tonic. 


2g Cascarille. Stimulant tonic. 
oe Eupatorii. Tonic—a diaphoretic, and emetic 


7 when hot. 
at Kramerie. Astringent. 
3 Sarsaparilla. Alterative, diaphoretic. 


“¢ — Ulmi. Demulcent. 

# Buchu. Demulcent, diuretic. 

«(  Armoracize (with mustard seed 3j). Stimu- 
lant, diuretic. s 

«© Senna (+ Coriander 3j). Cathartic. 


Group 2.—Dose Zss to Oj. 


Ay Angusture. Stimulant, tonic. 

“‘’Anthemidis. Tonic, emetic when hot. 

de Colombe. Tonic. 

‘i Serpentariz. Tonic. 

3 Valerian. Stimulant, antispasmodic. 

¢  Capsici. Arterial stimulant. Dose f3Zss. 

Jy Zingiberis. Carminative. 

~ Humuli. Tonic, mild narcotic. 

iy Spigeliz. Anthelmintic. 

“¢  Catechu Comp. (+Cinnamon 3j). Astrin- 
gent. 

«¢  Lini Comp. (+ Liquorice Root Zij). Demul- 
cent. 
Group 3.—Proportions varied. 

as Caryophylli 3ij to Oj. Stimulant. 

“ Rhei 3ij to Oj. Cathartic. 

oc Tabaci 3j to Oj. Sedative injection in hernia. 


PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. 197 


Infusum Digitalis 3j to Oss. -+ Tinct. Cinnam. f3j. 
Narcotic. Dose fzij. 
if Rose Comp. Zss to Oijss. + Sugar, Diluted 
Sulphuric Acid, Water. Adjuvant to as- 
tringent gargles. 
oe Taraxaci Zij to Oj. Diuretic. a3 


2d Class.— With cold water, by maceration or displace- 
ment. 


Infusum Cinchona Comp. 3j to Oj. -+ Arom. Sulph. 

Acid f3j. Tonic. 

“«  Pruni Virginians Zss to Oj. Sedative, tonic. 

“ — Quassize Zij to Oj. Tonic. 

. Gentianes Comp. Zss to Oj. + Bitter Orange 
Peel, Coriander, Dil. Alcohol, Water. 
Tonic. 

“¢ ‘Sassafras Medulle 3j to Oj. Demulcent. 


TINOTURES. | 
lst Class —Made with diluted alcohol. 
Group 1.—3Zij to Oj Alcohol Dil. 
Tinct. Aconite fol... Nervous sedative. Dose 20 to 30 
drops. 
“ Belladonna. Narcotic. Dose 20 to 30 drops. 
“© Stramonii. Narcotic. Dose 20 to 30 drops. 
“¢ Conii (or cicute). Alterative narcotic. Dose 
30 to 60 drops. 
“¢ Hyoseyami. Narcotic. Dose 30 to 60 drops. 
« Digitalis. Diuretic narcotic. Dose 10 drops. 
“¢ Lobeliz. Emetic, narcotic. Dose fZss to £3); : 
emetic fZss. 
“ Sanguinariz. Emetic, stimulant. Dose, f3Zss. 
“ ©Scilla. Emetic, diuretic expectorant. Dose 10 


to 30 drops. 
17* 


198 PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. 


Tinct. Colchici Sem. Diuretic, &c. Dose 10 drops 
to £3). 


Group 2.—Proportions varying. Incompatible with 
Iron Salts. 


pa Galle Zij to Oj. Dose fZij. Astringent. 
Catechu Zjss to Oj, with Z3j Cinn. Dose fZij. 
Astringent. 
“« Kino Zjss to Oj. Dose fZj. Astringent. 
“ . Kramerie Ziij to Oj. Dose f7j. 
“ Cinchone. Yellow Bark Ziij to Oj. Dose f3ss. 
Tonic. 
Red bark, 
Orange peel, 
Comp Serpentaria, [ Dose fZss. Tonic, 


| Saffron, aromatic. 
| Saunders. 
“« Colombe Zij to Oj. Dose fZss. Tonic, aro- 
matic. 


Gentian, Dose fZss. 
“ " Gentian Comp. | Orange pel, ’ Tonic, aro- 
Cardamom. matic. 
“« Quassia Zj to Oj. Dose fzZij. Tonic, aromatic. 
“ Humuli Zijss to Oj. Dose fzij. Tonic, sedative. 
Group 3.—Proportions varying. 
“ YValerianze Zij to Oj. Dose fZij. Tonic, anti- 
spasmodic. 
«¢  Serpentariz Zjss to Oj. Dose fZij. Tonic, 
stimulant. 
“  Cubebe Zij to Oj. Dose fZij. Stimulant. 
“ Cantharidis Zss to Oj. Dose gtt..20. Stimu- 
lant. 
“  Capsici Zss to Oj. Dose fZj. Stimulant.: 
« Cinnamomi Zjss to Oj. DosefZss. Carmina- 
tive. 
“  Cardamomi 3ij to Oj. Dose fZj. Carminative. 


PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. 199 


, ’ te ee Dose f3Zss 
Tinct. Cinnam. Comp. + Cardamom, ee araiia ee 
Ginger. he 

( Cardamom, } 
| Cinnamom, Dose fess 
“¢ Cardam. Comp. { Caraway, Paine. 
| Raisins, eS mace a 

| Cochineal. 


Group 4.—Proportions varying. 
“© Hellebori Zij to Oj. Dose fZj. Emmenagogue 
cathartic. 
“¢  Jalape Ziij to Oj. Dose fZj. Cathartic. 
“  Rhei Zjss to Oj. + Cardamom Zij. Dose f3Zss. 
Tonic, cathartic. 





Rhubarb, 
“  Rhei et Aloes. < Aloes, hele oe 
Cardamom. ; 
; z Rhubarb, | Dose fZss. Lax- 
oe iC hs ee { Gentia. ative, tonic. 
(Rhubarb, 
| Senna, . 
Coriander, 
Dose f3ss. 
; Fennel , 
“  Rhei et Senne. PL: Any Laxative, to- 
» | Saffron, eh 
Liquorice, 
| Raisins. J 
{ Senna, 
| Cored tse £588. 
‘¢ Senne et Jalapa. J Carddritiet Carminative, 
5 | : 
Caraway, | | laxative. 


| Sugar, J 


200 


PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. 


2d Class.—Made with Oficinal Alcohol, specific gravity 


*835. 
Group 1.—Saturated Tinctures. 


Tinct. Aconiti Rad. Zvi to Oj. Dose gtt. 5 to 10. 


Nervous sedative. 
Nucis Vomice Ziv to Oj. Dose gtt. 5 to 15. 
Nervous stimulant. 


Zingiberis Ziv to Oj. Dose fZj. Carminative. 


Group 2.—Resinous Tinctures. 
Myrrhe Zij to Ojss. Dose fZj. Astringent, 


emmenagogue. 
' Aloes 3jss, Dose fzj. 
Aloes et Myrrhee. | Saffron 3 ss, } Laxative, 
Tinct. Myrrh Oj. ) emmen. 
Guaiaci Ziij to Oj. Dose fzij. Alterative, 
diaphoretic. 
Assafoetida 3ij to Oj. Dose fZj. Antispas- 
modic. 


‘Castorei 3j to Oj. Dose fgss. Antispasmodic. 


Lupuline 3ij to Oj. Dose fZj. Tonic, nar- 
cotic. 

Tolutani Zjss to Oj. Dose fzss. Stimulant, 
expectorant. 


[ rg eee Dose  fss. 
Benzoini Comp. Syd beet “ Turlington’s 
; , >| Balsam.” 
{| Aloes. 


Group 3.—Simple Solutions in Alcohol. 

Camphore Zij to Oj. Dose gtt. 20. Stimu- 
lant. 

Ol. Menth. Pip. fZij to Oj. Dose gtt. 20. Car- 
minative. 

Ol. Menth. Satives fZij to Oj. Dose gtt. 30. 
Carminative. 


PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. 201 


Tinct. Iodinii Zj. Dose gtt. 15. Alterative. 


Iodine 3ss, as ett. 


Iodide Potass 3). ert 


‘¢  Todinii Comp. 


Soap, Use ex- 
«¢  Saponis Camphorata. { Camphor, tern- 
Oil Rosemary.) ally. 


3d Class.—Made with Aromatic Spirits of Ammonia. 


Tinct. Guaiaci Ammoniata Ziv to Ojss. Dose f3j. 
Stimulant, diaphoretic. 
“ Valerianze Ammoniata Zij to Oj. Dose f3j. 
Antispasmodic. | 


MEDICATED WINES. 


White or Sherry wines used in making them. 
Vinum Aloes 3j+Cardamom, pes J: eel 
Gingero) aperient. 


«  Rhei Ziij+Canella 3j, | tal Oe ieee 5), t0 


Diluted Alcohol £3 ij peace sama 


“¢  Colchici Rad. Zvi to Oj. Dose gtt. 10 to fz). 
Diuretic, nervous sedative. 

‘¢ Colchici Sem. Zij to Oj. Dose fzj to fzZij. 
Diuretic and nervous sedative. 

‘ Ergote Zij to Oj. Dose fzj. Excito-motor 
stimulant. 

“¢ Jpecacuanhe 3j to Oj. Dose fzj to fZss. 
Expectorant. 

‘¢ Tabaci Zj to Oj. Dose gtt. 20. Diuretic. 

¢  -Veratri Albi Ziv to Oj. 

«  Antimonii, 2 grains Tartar Emetic to fZj. Dose 
fj to fZss. Expectorant, emetic. 


202 PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. 


VINEGARS. 
With 1 part Acetic Acid to 7 of water. 


Acetum Colchici 3j to Oj, Alcohol fZss. Dose gtt. 
30 to fZij. Diuretic, sedative. 
Acetum Scille Zij to Oj. Dose gtt. 30 to fZj. Diu- 
retic, sedative. 
“| Opii Zijss to Oj) "Dose git. 5 to 10. See 
below. 


PREPARATIONS OF OPIUM. 


( Opium Zss, aired 
Tinct. Opii Cam- | Camphor )j, to 8 ee: 
phorata4 Benzoic Acid Zss, te co- 


hol. Dose 
(Paregoric) | Oil Anise fZss, 
| H oney 33, £3] to fZss. 
rs Opik (Landainuin) Opium 51 to Zij to Oj. Dose 
gtt. 25. 
Opium 3j, 
‘« Opii Acetata~ Alcohol fZiv, } Dose gtt. 20. 
Vinegar f3 vi. 
Py Opium 3ij : 
«  Opii (Syden- Gi ? {to Sherry Oj. 
me innamon 
ham’s Laud.) Cloroahel 33 Dose gtt. 20. 


( Opium Z viii, 
Acetum Opii pe utmeg 3ss, | to OiijfZiv when fluid. 
(Black drop) } Saffron Zss, Dose gtt. 5 to 10. 
Sugar 3 xii 
Liquor Morphia Sulphatis, 4 grain Morphia to f3j. 
(Magendie’s Solution, used in New York and Boston, 
has 16 grains to fZj.) Dose f3j. 


DECOCTIONS. 


Decoctum Chimaphile 3j to Ojss; boil to Oj. Dose 
Oj per diem. Alterative. 


J 


PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. 203 


Decoctum Uve Ursi Zj to fZxx; boil to Oj. Dose 
fZij. Astringent, diuretic. 
re Dulcamaree 3j to Ojss; boil to Oj. Dose 
fZij. Alterative, narcotic. 
Hematoxyli 3j to Oj; boil to Oj. Dose 
fZij. Astringent. 
ae Quercus Alb. 3j to Ojss ; boil to Oj. Dose 
fZij. Astringent. 
¢ Cinch. flav. 4j to Oj; boil ten minutes. 
Dose fZij. Tonic. 
“ Cinch. rub. 2j to Oj; boil ten minutes. 
Dose f3ij. Tonic. 
Cornus Floridz 4j to Oj; boil ten minutes. 
Dose fZij. Tonic. 
ts Senega 3j to Ojss; boil to Oj. Dose fZij. 
Stimulant, expectorant. 
¥e Hordei 3ij to Oivss ; boil to Oij. Ad libitum. 
Demulcent. 
. Cetrarie Zss to Ojss; boil to Oj. Dose Oj 
per diem. Tonic, demulcent. 
ee Taraxi. Zij to Oij; boil ten minutes. Dose 
fZij. - Diuretic. 
M: Sarsap. Comp.: 
Pheenagnt | to Oiv ; boil fifteen 
Goatie minutes. D ose 
Liquorice aa 3), pink Se 
Mezereon Jiij Reape 
EXTRACTS. 
lst Class.—Narcotic inspissated juices. 


Extractum Aconiti. Dose 1 to 2 grs. 


a Belladonnee. Dose 1 to 2 grs. 
“ Stramonii fol. Dose 1 to 2 grs. 
e Conii. Dose 2 to 3 grs. 


fe Hyoscyami. Dose 2 to 3 grs. 


204 PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. 


2d Class.—Hydro-Alcoholic and Alcoholic Extracts. 


Extract. Aconiti Alcoholicum. 3 gr.tolgr. Narcotic. 


te 


Belladonni Alcoholicum. Dose $ gr. to 1] gr. 
Narcotic. 

Stramonium Seminis. Dose 3 gr. to 1 gr. 
Narcotic. 

Conii Alcoholicum. Dose 1 to 2 grs. Nar- 
cotic. 

Hyoscyami Alcoholicum. Dose 1 to 2 grs. 
Narcotic. 

Nucis Vomice. Nervous stimulant. 

Hellebori. Dose 10 to 15 grs. Cathartic. 

Jalape. Dose 10to 15 grs. Cathartic. 

Rhei. Dose 10 to 15 grs. Cathartic. 

Podophylli. Dose 5 to 10 grs. Cathartic. 

Cinchon. Flav. Dose 10 to 15 grs. Tonic, 
alterative. 

Cinchon. rub. Dose 10 to 15 grs. Tonic, 
alterative. 

Sarsaparille. Dose 10 to 15 grs. Tonic, 
alterative. 

Colocynthidis Comp. (Colocynth made into 
tincture, and evaporated, aloes, scammony, 
soap, and cardamom added.) Cathartic. 


3d Class.—By displacement with cold water and evap- 


oration. 


Extract. Gentiane. Dose 10 to 20 grs. Tonic. 


(¢ 


Quassiz. Dose 3 to 6 grs. Tonic. 

Dulcamare. Dose 3 to 6 grs. Alterative, 
narcotic. 

Krameriz. Dose 10 to 20 grs. Astringent. 

Juglandis. Dose 10 to 20 grains. Cathartic. 

Opii. Dose 1 gr. Narcotic. 


PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. 205 


Extract. 


(79 


ée 


Jalapin. 


4th Class. 


Hematoxyli. Dose 10 to 20 grs. Astringent. 
(By decoction in water, straining and evap- 
orating.) 

Taraxaci. Dose )j to 3j. Diuretic, &c. 
(Expressing milky juice, and evaporating.) 

Colchici Aceticum. Dose 1 to 3 grs. Diu- 

retic. (Evaporating a medicated vinegar.) 


UNOFFICINAL AND PSEUDO-EXTRACTS. 


Digitalis Ale. Dose 4 gr. Sedative, diuretic. 
Ignatia Amara. Dose 3? gr. Tonic, excito- 
motor. 
Lupulin. Dose 3 to 5 grs. Narcotic. 
Cimicifuga. Dose 3 to 10 grs. Sedative 
tonic. 
Valerian. Dose 3 to 10 grs. Antispasmodic. 
Calisayicum. Dose 2 to 5 grs. Tonic, 
antiperiodic. 

Ergota (aqueous). Dose 2 to 5 grs. Excito- 
motor. 

Pareira (aqueous). Dose 10 to 30 grs. 
Tonic, diuretic. 

Uva Ursi (aqueous). Dose 10 to 30 grs. 
Tonic, diuretic. 

Lobeliz Aceticum. Dose 2 to3grs. Nar- 
cotic sedative. 

Cannabis Sativa. Dose 1 gr. Narcotic 
stimulant. 

Glycyrrhize (Liquorice). Demulcent. 


CONCENTRATED OR RESINOID EXTRACTS. 


Dose 3 to 8 grs. Cathartic. 


Podophyllin. Dose 1 to 3 grs. Cathartic. 
18 


206 PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. 


Macrotin (impure resin of Cimicifuga). Dose 1 to 6 
grs. Sedative, tonic. 

Stillingin. Dose 2 to 4 grs. 

Leptandrin. Dose 2 to 4 grains. 

Hydrastin. Dose 1 to 2 grains. Tonic. 


FLUID EXTRACTS. 
1. Concentrated Syrups. 


ACh Senne fluidum. Dose fZss. Cathartic. 
Rhei fluidum. Dose fZj. Cathartic. 
66 Spigelize et Senne fluidum. Dose fZj. An- 


thelmintic. - 
i Sarsaparille fluidum. Dose 13): Diaphoretic, 
alterative. 


2. Alcoholic. 


cs Valeriane fluidum. Dose f3j. Antispas- 
modic. 


3. Oleo-resina, prepared with Ether. 


Cubeba fluidum. Dose 5 to 30 drops. Stimu- 
lant. 

a Piperis fluidum. Dose 1 to 5 drops. Stimu- 
lant. 


UNOFFICINAL FLUID EXTRACTS. 
lst Class.—Syrups. 


= Cinchona fluidum. Dose £3). 

ut Buchu fluidum. Dose f3j. 

“ Hydrangea fluidum. Dose fZss. 
«Rhubarb and Senna fluidum. Dose f3ss. 
ue Ergot fluidum. * Dose f3). 

i Serpentaria fluidum. Dose fZss. 


2d Class.— Alcoholic. 
“ Buchu fluidum. Dose fj. 


PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. 207 


a Serpentaria fluidum. Dose m,20 to 30. 
Taraxacum fluidum. Dose fj. 
‘ Gentian fluidum. Dose fj. 
‘(Lobelia fluidum. Dose m5 to 20. 
“  Cimicifuga fluidum. Dose m30. 


3d Class.—Oleo-resins, with Ether. 


Piperoid of Ginger. Used in confectionery. 
Oleo-resin Capsicum. Used in confectionery. 
Oil of Male Fern. 

Oil of Ergot. Dose 1,20. In parturition. 


SYRUPS. 


Syrupus Simplex.—Sugar 2 lbs., water 1 pint. Dis- 
solve by heat. 


lst Class.—Infusions or Decoctions mdde permanent by 
Sugar. 


Syrup Aurantii Corticis. By maceration with boiling 
water. An adjuvant. 

Syr. Senna (with Fennel). Digest with hot water. 
Laxative. Dose f3j to fZij. 

Syr. Krameria. Displacement with cold water. As- 
tringent. Dose fZss. 

Syr. Pruni Virginiane. Displacement with cold water. 
Sedative, tonic, and expectorant. Dose fZss. 

Syr. Senege. Decoction. Stimulant, expectorant. 
Dose f3j to fZij. 

Syr. Scille Comp. Decoction. Stimulant, expector- 
ant. Dose 120 to f3j. ; 


2d Class.—By evaporation from a diluted Alcoholic 
Extract, and Sugar added. 


Syr. Ipecacuanhe Zss in Oj Syrup. Expectorant. 
Dose f3j to fZss. 


208 PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. 


Syr. Scilla Comp. Squill and Seneka, Expectorant. 
+Tart. Em. gr.j tofZj. Dose gtt. 20 to fz). 
Syr. Rhei 3j in Oj Syrup. Laxative. Dose fZss to 
f Ziv. 
5 Sarsaparilla Guaiacum, ) Alter’e. 
Syr. Sarsaparilla. Roses, Senne igsore, | Dose 
and essential oils. fZ ss. 


3d Class.—Containing Acetic Acid. 


Syr. Allii. Macerate Garlic in dil. acet. acid and add 
sugar. Antispasmodic. Dose fzj. 

Syr. Scille. Acet. Scille Oj-Sugar lbij. Expector- 
ant. Dose f3j. 


4th Class.—Simple Syrup as a base. 
® 
Syr. Acidi Citrici 3j to Oj Oil of Lemon mj. Ve- 
hicle. 
Syr. Krameriz (2d process). Ext. 3j to Oj. Astrin- 
gent. Dose f3ss. 
Syr. Tolutanus. Tinct. 3v to Oj. Adjuvant. 
Syr. Zingiberis. Tinct. fZss to Oj. Adjuvant. 


{ Rhubarb 3’; 7 Car- 

Cloves, mina- 

Cinnamon 4a Jj, tive, 

Syr. Rhei Aromaticus. J Nutmeg 33s, |. laxa- 


| Dil. Alcohol q. s. [ tive. 
Displace Oss Tinct. | Dose 
Rvaporate to Ziv; | fZijto 
| Add Ojss Syrup. J f3j. 
Syr. Amygdalis. 1 pt. bitter almonds, 3 pts. sweet 
almonds. Demulcent. 
Syr. Limonis. Lemon-juice Oj, Sugar Ibij. Vehicle. 
Syr. Acacie. Gum 3j, Sugar 3 vii, Water fZiv. Ex- 
cipient for pills. 


PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. 209 


CONFECTIONS. 


Confectio Rose. Powd. Rose 2 pts., Sugar 15 pts., 

Honey 3 pts., Rose-water 4 pts. 

# Aromatice. Arom. Powd. 54, Saffron, 3, 
Syr. Aurant. 6, Honey 2. 

Sy Opii (1 gr.in 36). Opium Powd. 44, Arom. 
Powd. 48, Honey 112. 

re Senne. P. Senna and Ooriander, with 
Figs, Prunes, Cassia, &c. 


SPIRITS, OR ESSENCES. 


Spiritus Myristica. Nutmeg Zij to Dil. Alcohol 1 
gal. Distillation. 
4 Juniperi Comp. Oils of Juniper, Caraway, 
and Fennel. Solution. 
a Pimenta. Oil of Pimenta in Dil. Alcohol. 


Solution. 

““  Rosmarini. Oil fgiv to 1 gal Alcohol. So- 
lution. 

* Lavandule. Flowers lbij to 1 gal. Alcohol. 
Distillation. 


a Layandule Comp. 
Cinnamon, Cloves, { to Sp. Davelde: Maceration, 
Nutmeg, Saunders, & Sp. Rosemary. displacement. 


POWDERS. 


Medicines adapted to the form of powders are in- 
soluble mineral substances, vegetable products, and 
some soluble substances. 

Insoluble—too large doses for pills.—Carbo-ligni, Mag- 
nesia, Calcis Phosph., Pot. Bitrart., Sulphur Sub., 
Creta Ppt., Ferri Subcarb., Calomel, &. Vegetable 
powders, as Powd. Cinchona, Colomba, Gentian, 
Rhubarb, Jalap, Cubebs, &c. 

In certain combinations, and when pills are objected to.— 
Powd. pil. Hydrarg., Ext. Colocy., Opium, Digitalis, 

18* 


210 PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. 


Nux Vom., Kino, Tannic Acid, Gallic Acid, Potas. 
Nit., Opium Alkaloids, Cinchona Alkaloids, Sub- 
nit. Bismuth, &c. 

Diluents for powders.—Sugar, Lactin, Powd. Acacia, 
Cinnamon, Arom. Powd., Ext. Liquorice, Gum Tra- 
gacanth, Elm Bark, &c. 


PILLS. 


Medicines adapted to the pilular form are, powders 
in léss than 15 grain doses, gum-resins, extracts, and 
oleo-resins and oils in small proportions. 

Unadhesive materials—Calomel, Dover’s Powders, Sub- 
nit. Bismuth, Morphia Acetas, &c., Strychnia, Pulv. 
Digitalis, Pulv. Ipecac., Plumbi Acetas, Ant. et Pot. 
Tartrate, Ant. Sulph., Argenti Nitras, Argenti Oxi- 
dum, Ferri Pulvis, Ferri Subcarbonas, &c., Potass. 
Iodid., Camphor, &c. 

Medicinal excipients.—Extracts, Pil. Hydrarg., Pil. Co- 
paibe, Pil. Ferri Carb., Terebinthina. 

-With moisture.—Powd. Aloes, Rheum, Kino, Tan- 
nin, Opium, Scilla, Ferri Citras, Assafoetida, &c. 

With alcohol.—Guaiacum, &c. 

With dilute SO,.—Quinie Sulph., Cinchoniz 
Sulph., Quinidize Sulph., Quinoidine. 

Inert excipients.—Powd. Acacia, Tragacanth, Soap, 
Bread crumbs, Confections, Syrup of Gum, Honey, 
Molasses, Syrups. 


LIQUIDS. 


Suitable medicines are most soluble salts, light in- 
soluble powders, extracts, gum-resins, oils, &c. 

Forming eligible solutions with water.—Alumen, Ammon. 
Murias., Ant. et Pot. Tart., Barii Chloridum, Calcii 
Chloridum, Ferri Sulph., Ferri et Pot. Tart., Man- 
ganesii Sulph., Magnesiee Sulphas, Potassz Acetas, 
Pot. Bicarb., Pot. Carb., Pot. Citras, Pot. Chloras, 


PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. 211 


Pot. Tartras, Potassii Bromid., Pot. Iodid., Morphia 
Acetas, Morphia Sulphas, Morphia Murias, Sod 
Bicarb., Sod. Boras, Sod. Carbonas, Sod. Sulph., 
Sod. et Pot. Tart., Sod. Chlorid., Sod. Phosph., Acid 
Citric, Acid Tartaric, Acid Tannic. 

Mixing, but not forming clear solutions in water diffused 
by agitation —Magnesia, Potas. Bitart., Sulph. Prae- 
cip., Pulv. Cinchone, Pulvy. Ipecac., Quinizs Sulph. 

Miscible by trituration alone.—Ext. Aconiti, Ext. Bellad., 
Ext. Conii, Ext. Hyoscyami, Ext. Stramon., Ext. 
Taraxaci, Ext. Kramer., Ext. Glycyrrh., Confections, 
Assafoetida, Ammoniac, Guaiacum, Myrrha, Scam- 
mony. 

Suspended by viscid excipients. —Copaiba, Ol. Amygdala, 
Ol. Ricini, Ol. Terebinth., Olea Essentia, Ferri Pro- 
tocarb. 

Requiring additions to form solutions.—Quin. Sulph., 
Cinchon. Sulph., Quinid. Sulph., Chinoidine, Jodine, 
Hydrarg. Iodid. Rub. 

Requiring viscid substances—Ammon. Carb., Hyd. 
Chlorid. Corros., Pot. Cyanuret, Potassa. 

Vehicles or correctives (especially of salines).—Aq. 
Medicate, Syrups, Tinct. Cinnamomi, Tinct. Cin- 
nam. Comp., Tinct. Cardam. ° 

Tinct. Card. Comp., Infus. Rosa Comp., Saccha- 
rum, Olea destillata, Tinct. Tolutana, Tinct. 
Zingiberis. 


\ 


CERATES AND OINTMENTS. 
1st Class.—Simple, much used as Vehicles. 
Ceratum Simplex. 1 pt. White Wax, 2 Lard. Firmest 
healing dressing. 
ak Cetacei. 1 Sp. Cet., 3 White Wax, 6 Olive 
Oil. Firm healing dressing. 
Unguentum Simplex. 1 White Wax, 4 Lard. Softer 
healing dressing. 


212 PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. 


Ung. Aquz f Almond Oil, Sp. Ceti, Softest heal- 
Rosee. White Wax, Rose Water. f ing dressing. 

Ceratum / 5 Resin, 8 Lard, ) Stimulant healing dress- 

Resine. | 2 Yellow Wax. ing. (Basilicon.) 


2d Class.—Mechanical mixture of Medicinal Substance 
with unctuous ingredient. 


Group 1.—By fusion. 


Cerat. Resin, Suet, Yellow Wax,) Stimu- 
Resinze Comp. | Turpentine, Flaxseed Oil. f lating. 
Ung. Picis Liq. Tar and Suet, equal parts. Stimu- 

lant, antiseptic. 

Cerat. Canth. 12 pts., Lard 10, ) Epispastic, 
Cantharidis. | Yel. Wax, Resin 4a 7 pts. f blist. cerat. 


Group 2.—By trituration. 


Cerat. Sabine. 1 pt. Savin, 6 Resin Cerate. Stimu- 
lant dressing. 
Ung. Galle. 1 pt. Galls, 7 Lard. Astringent. 
Ung. Veratri alb. 1 pt. Root, 4 Lard and Oil Lemon. 
In itch. 
Cerat. 3iij Calamine, Zxii Lard, ) Mild ast. and 
. hae Ziij Wax. desiccant. 
Cerat. 1 pt. ZnO0,CO,, 
Zinci Carb. | 5 Simple Ointment. 
le aa : pt Sa \ id astringent. 
Ung. Cuprif 1 pt. 2Cu0,Ac,6HO, Mild 
Subacet. { 15 pts. Simple Ointment. { escharotic. 
Ung. - f1 pt. KO,SbO,,T, 
Antimonii. | 4 pts. Lard. 
Ung. Hydrargyri. Equal parts Hg and Lard. Al- 


\ Mild astringent. 


\ Vesiccant. 


terative. 
Ung. Hydrargyri {.1 pt. Hg,01,NH,, Desiccant, 
Ammon. 12 Simple Ointment, { alterative. 
Ung. Hydrargyri f 1 pt. HgO, Stimulant 


Oxid. Rub. 8 Simple Ointment, f alterative. 


PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS. 213 


Ung. f1 ptI, one-fifth pt. KI, ) Discutient, altera- 


Todinii. | 24 Lard. tive. 
Ung. Iodinii f 1 pt. I, 2 pts. KI, ) Discutient, altera- 
Comp. 32 Lard. * tive. 

Ung. Potassii { 1 pt. KI+-1 pt. Ag., ) Discutient, al- 
Todid. 8 Lard. terative. 
Ung. Plumbi f 1 pt. PbO,CO,, ) Astringent, desic- 

Carb. 6 Ung. Simp. cant. 


Ung. Sulphuris. 1 pt. S, 2 pts. Lard. In Itch. 
Sulph. 3j, Ammon. Merc. 3}, } 

| Beng. Acid 3), Ol. Berg. £3), In 
Sulph. Acid f3j, Nit. Potas.-{ Itch. 
3ij, Lard Zvi. 

Ung. Belladonne. 1 pt. Ext., 8 Lard. Anodyne. 

Ung. Stramonii. 1 pt. Ext.,8 Lard. Anodyne. 

Ung. Creasoti. Creasote fzss, Lard 3j. Antiseptic, 

stimulant. 


Ung. Sulphuris 
Comp. 


3d Class.—By digesting the ingredient in Lard. 


Ung. Tabaci. 3j Leaves to lbj lard. Narcotic. 

Ung. Mezerei. Ziv Bark to Zxiv Lard, Zij Wax. 
Stimulant. 

Ung. Cantharidis (with boiling water), Zij to 3viij 
Resin Cerate. Stimulant. 


4th Class.—The unctuous ingredient is decomposed. 


Ung. Hydrarg. Nit. (Citrine Ointment). Powerful 
stimulant and alterative. 

Cerat. Saponis. Soothing dressing. 

Cerate PlumbiS. Acet. (Goulard’s Cerate.) Cooling. 


214 


VIII. 
TABLE OF SYMPTOMATOLOGY. 


A. TOPOGRAPHICAL. 
1. General Aspect of Patient. 


I, ATTITUDE. 


Unusual languor—invasion of acute disease—course 
of chronic ones. 

Unnatural boldness—insanity—delirium. 

General immobility—catalepsy. 

Irregular and perpetual movement—chorea. 

Distorted features, altered position, and impaired mo- 
tion of limbs—hemiplegia. 

Tonic spasm of trunk—tetanus. 


II. DECUBITUS. 


Constantly dorsal—cerebral apoplexy, organic disease 
of brain and spinal marrow, acute ee gen- 
eral articular rheumatism. 

Prone—generally in gastric, intestinal, hepatic, and 
renal colic. 

Lateral—some stages of pleurisy or pneumonia (not 
general) ; in consumption, when one lung is affected, 
the diseased side is usually lain on. 

Sitting—diseases of heart and lungs, which interfere 
with respiration. 

Head thrown back—laryngeal and tracheal disease. 


SYMPTOMATOLOGY. 215 


Restlessness, jactitation, &¢.—the invasion of acute 
inflammation, idiopathic fevers, many affections of 
children, delirium and acute mania. 


III. VOLUME OF BODY. 


‘General enlargement—anasarca, or emphysema from 
a wound of the chest. 


2. Signs furnished by Head, Face, and Neck. 


Head bent to one side—convulsions, hemiplegia, tor- 
ticollis, dislocation of cervical vertebra, cervical 
glandular swellings, cicatrices of neck, after: burns. 

Head bent forward—vertebral malformation. 

Head bent back—diseases with dyspnoea, as croup, 
laryngismus stridulus, suffocative catarrh, &c. Te- 
tanus, spinal meningitis of neck. 

Cranium increased in size—chronic hydrocephalus— 
hypertrophied brain. 

(Edematous scalp—erysipelas, smallpox. 

Facies stupida (dull expression)—typhoid fever. 

Facies vultuosa (full, red face, injected eyes)—cardiac 
hypertrophy, cerebral congestion. 

Pinched countenance (opposite of last)—acute peri- 
tonitis, in health, from exposure to severe cold. 

Facies hippocratica—in chronic disease just before 
death, in unusually prolonged acute disease. 

3. Physiognomical Ruge. 

Rugee transverse (in forehead)—excessive pain rising 
externally. 

R. oculo-frontales (from forehead vertically to root of 
nose)—distress, anxiety, anguish, and severe in- 
ternal pain. In acute disease, an imperfect or false 
crisis, impending efflorescence, and often fatal ter- 
mination. Linea oculo-zygomatica (from inner 
angle of the eye below the cheek-bone)—in chil- 


216 SYMPTOMATOLOGY. 


dren, a cerebral or nervous affection; in adults, 
disorder or abuse of the generative organs. 

Linea nasalis (from upper border of ala nasi, curved 
to outer margin of the orbicularis oris)—strongly 
marked in phthisis and atrophy, inferior part indi- 
cates gastric disease, upper part affection of the 
upper part of intestine. Conjointly with retraction 
of the cheek, and with the L. oculo-zygomatica, the 
eyes being fixed and complexion wan, an indication 
of worms. 

L. labialis (from angle of mouth to lower part of 
face)—in children, a thoracic affection with dys- 
pneea. 

L. collateralis nasi (in a semicircular direction toward 
the chin, external to last two)—chronic and obsti- | 
nate disease of thoracic or abdominal viscera. 

(Edema of face and See Dua ae ss sometimes 
in anemia. 

Transient redness or flushing of face—women suffer- 
ing from menstrual irregularity, and at the critical 
period. 

Hectic flush—phthisis, wasting, chronic affections. 

Paleness of face—cold stage of fever, and acute in- 
flammation, chronic diseases, especially Bright’s 
disease, in convalescence. 

Dingy white or greenish face—aneemia. 

Yellow tint—jaundice. 

Yellow at labial commissures and ale nasi—slight 
hepatic derangement. 

Citron tint—in cancerous affections. 

Bluish hue—impeded venous circulation, as in as- 
phyxia, Asiatic cholera, typhus fever, cyanosis. 

Slate color—from the use of Nit. Silver. 

Perpetual motion of eyelids—some cases of mania and 
idiocy. 

Forcible closure of eyelids—photophobia. 


SYMPTOMATOLOGY. 217 


Eyelids open—injury of portio-dura from paralysis of 
the orbicularis. 

Paralysis of upper lid—lesion of third pair of nerves. 

Ephiphora (flowing of tears over the cheek)—obstruc- 
tion of lachrymal duct, in initial stage of ophthal- 
mia, and in some neuralgic affections of the eye, 
presence of a foreign body. 

Nostrils dilating forcibly and rapidly—difficult respi- 
ration. 

Itching nostrils—in children a sign of intestinal worms. 


4. Region of the Throat. 


Enlarged—some anginose affections, in the first months 
of pregnancy, and at the approach of puberty in 
females. : 

Violent pulsation of carotid arteries—acute mania, 
cerebral inflammation, hypertrophy of heart with 
dilatation of right ventricle, anemia, sometimes in 
typhoid fever. 

Pulsation of arteria innominata (above the sternum, 
in front and to the right of the trachea)—aortic 
regurgitation. 

Circumscribed swellings—glandular enlargements. 


5. Region of the Chest. 


General expansion of one side—large pleuritic effusion. 

Bulging at base of lung—gravitating pleuritic effusion. 

Bulging at anterior superior parts of chest—emphy- 
sema. 

Bulging in right hypochondrium—enlargement of 
liver. 

Bulging in precordial region—effusion into pericar- 
dium, or hypertrophy of heart. 

Tumor about the junction of third rib, with right side 


of sternum—aneurism of ascending aorta. 
19 


218 SYMPTOMATOLOGY. 


Tumor between the base of scapula and the spine— 
aneurism of descending aorta. 

Retraction of one side (usually the left)—after absorp- 
tion of pleuritic effusion. 

Depression or local retraction—absorption of circum- 
scribed effusion, phthisis. 

Respiration increased (healthy ,standard about 20 a 
minute)—dyspnoea, as in spasmodic asthma. 

Respiration diminished—pleurisy and pleurodynia, 
paralysis of respiratory muscles, pneumonia, em- 
physema, pneumothorax, phthisis, &c. 

Respiration jerking—spasmodic asthma, obstruction 
of larynx and trachea, pleurodynia. 

Respiration costal—abdominal inflammation and dia- 
phragmatic pleurisy. 


6. Abdominal Region. 


General increase of volume—ascites, meteorism, tym- 
panites (these latter known by resonance, and occur 
in adynamic diseases, peritonitis, intestinal obstruc- 
tion, hysteria, &c.). 

Enlargement of hypochondria—diseases of liver or 
spleen. 

Enlargement in epigastrium—hysteria and cancer of 
stomach. 

Enlargement in hypogastrium—distention of bladder, 
ovarian tumors, fecal accumulation, &c. 

Diminished size—in most chronic diseases, as chronic 
dysentery, in lead colic (with hard muscles). 


7. Genital Organs. 


Enlarged penis in children—vesical calculus, mastur- 
bation. 

Cartilaginous hardness of corpora cavernosa—from 
onanism. 

Retraction of testicles—renal calculus. 

Distended scrotum—hydrocele, hematocele, sarcocele. 


SYMPTOMATOLOGY. 219 


Enlarged labia majora—general dropsy, local affec- 
tions. 


8. Hxtremities. 


Immovable—paralysis. 

Contracted and rigid—softening of brain, &c. 
(Edematous—from embarrassed circulation. 
Articulations swollen—rheumatism, hydrarthrosis, 
_ white swelling, &c. 

Diminished in size—-paralysis. 


B. PHYSIOLOGICAL. 
1. Functions of the Nervous System. 


I. SENSATION. 


Morbidly augmented—acute inflammatory affections 
of brain and spinal marrow, idiopathic fevers, hys- 
teria. 

Tensile pain—phlegmonous inflammation. 

Dull, heavy pain—enlarged viscera, internal tumor, 
effusion in serous cavities, in the loins previous to 
menstrual and hemorrhoidal discharges. 

Smarting pain—skin deprived of cuticle, or under in- 
fluence of irritants. 

Lancinating pain—cancer and neuralgia. 

Boring pain—constitutional syphilis, rheumatism, 
gout, inflammation of periosteum, &c. 

Contusive pain—from bruises, in acute diseases. 

Itching and formication—cutaneous disorder. 

Exaltation of vision—ophthalmia, inflammation of 
brain and meninges, some nervous affections. 

Musce volitantes—affections of brain and optic nerve, 
dyspepsia. 

Hearing painfully acute—cerebral inflammation, hys- 
teria. 

Hearing obtuse—in typhus fever. 


220 SYMPTOMATOLOGY. 


II. VOLUNTARY MOTION. 


Increase of strength—acute disorder, with delirium, 
cerebral infammation, mania. 

Debility—in most diseases. 

Paralysis—indicative of lesion of brain or spinal mar- 
row, as apoplexy, spinal softening, &c., or of injury 
to a nervous trunk, or it may be functional, as in 
some cases of hysteria. 

Trembling—cold stage of fever, nervous affections, 
ataxic fevers, in old persons, action on the system 
of lead, mercury, strong coffee, alcoholic liquor, 
tobacco, and opium. 

Rigidity of limbs—in upper, extremities, a symptom 
of softening of the brain, cerebral extravasation, 
hysteria. 


Ill. REFLEX OR EXCITO-MOTORY SYSTEM. 


Cramp—pregnant women, hysteria, painter’s colic, 
&:, Gee 

Tetanus (another form of tonic spasm)—may be tris- 
mus when the muscles of mastication are affected, 
emprosthotonos, with the body bent forward, opis- 
thotonos, if bent backward, and pleurosthotonos, 
with lateral curvature. 

Clonic or temporary spasm—seen in convulsions of 
children, in hysteria, and some affections of the 
brain, in subsultus tendinum taking place in acute, 
ataxic diseases, in hiccough, &c. 

Morbid rhythmical movements—disease of cerebellum 
or its commissures. 

Reflected or sympathetic sensations, as pain at ex- 
tremity of penis from calculus of bladder, pain in 
right shoulder from congested liver, in left shoulder 
from disordered stomach, &c., are numerous. 


SYMPTOMATOLOGY. 221 


IV. INTELLECT. 


Exaltation of affections—hypochondriasis. 

Abolition of moral sensibility—mania, typhus fever. 

Illusion and hallucination —insanity. 

Exaltation of intellect—melancholia, sometimes at 
close of life. 

Enfeebled intellect—typhus fever. 

Delirium—diseases of brain and its meninges, typhus 
fever, the exanthemata; diseases of chest and -ab- 
domen. 

Insomnia—mania, &c. 

Drowsiness—typhoid fever, some affections of the 
brain, &c. 


2. Function of Respiration. 
I. DYSPN@A. 


1. From the access of pure air impeded. 


a. Mechanical. 

Rigidity of parts—cartilages ossified, pleura indurated, 
rickety distortion. 

Pressure of parts—tumors or dropsies of abdomen. 

Obstructiofis of air-tubes—effusions, swellings, or 
tumors pressing on them, spasm of glottis or bronchi. 

Compression of lungs—effusions or tumors in pleural 
sac, in pleurisy, hydrothorax, pneumothorax, aneu- 
rism, &c. 

Alteration in tissue of lungs—enlargement of the ves- 
sels, effusions, as cedema, hepatization, tubercle, 
&c., altered structure, or emphysema, dilated 
bronchi, vomica, &c. 

b. Chemical. 
Deficiency of oxygen in the air—mephitic gas, rarified 


air, 
19* 


222 SYMPTOMATOLOGY. 


c. Vital. 
Pain of parts moved in respiration—pleurodynia, 
pleuritis, peritonitis, &c. 
Paralysis of muscles—injury of spinal marrow. 
Weakness of muscles—prostration in ataxic fever, &c. 
Spasm of muscles—tetanus, spasmodic asthma. 


2. From the state of the blood. 
a. Mechanical. 


Obstruction to the passage of blood—diseases of heart 
and great vessels, tumors pressing on them. 


b. Chemical. 


An excessively venous state—violent exertion. 
Deficiency of red particles—anzmia, chlorosis. 


3. From the nervous relation of parts. 


Excessive sensibility of par vagum—hysteric dyspnea, 
cerebral fevers. 

Defective sensibility of par vagum—coma, narcotism, 
&e. 


II. COUGH. 


Hollow or barking—in last stage of consumption, 
chronic bronchitis, in some nervous affections. 

Sharp or ringing—in croup. 

Hoarse—incipient catarrh, chronic laryngitis, angin- 
ous affections. 

W heezing—asthma. 

Belching—some disease of larynx. 

Paroxysmal—hooping-cough, hysteria. 

On auscultation, bronchial (harsh, rapidly evolved, 
concentrated)—phthisis, pneumonia, pleurisy, dila- 
tation of bronchi. 

On auscultation, cavernous (hollow)—tubercular ex- 
cavation, dilated bronchi. 

On auscultation, amphoric (metallic or ringing)— 


SYMPTOMATOLOGY. 223 


broncho-pleural fistula, large, tubercular excava- 
tion. 


Ill. EXPECTORATION. 


Scanty—first stage of acute affections of lungs. 

Copious—decline of acute disease of air-passages or 
lungs, in chronic affections. 

Serous or watery—forming stage of bronchitis, pul- 
monary congestion, and vesicular emphysema. 

Mucous—bronchitis, and pneumonia. 

Purulent—phthisis, third stage of pneumonia. 

Nummular (like coin)—tubercular phthisis, bronchitis 
of measles, occasionally in chronic bronchitis. 

Flocculent, muco-purulent—advanced phthisis. 

Tubular—plastic bronchitis, pneumonia. 

Whitish—beginning of acute affections of the lungs. 

Yellowish or greenish—acute bronchitis. 

Rusty—pneumonia. 

Putrid smell—gangrene of lungs. 

Faint and sweetish smell—bronchitis, and first stage 
of phthisis. 

Alliaceous odor—broncho-pleural fistula. 


IV. PAIN. 


Dull, heavy, aching, round the base of the chest— 
acute bronchitis. 

Soreness in sternal region, and between the shoul- 
ders—acute bronchitis. 

Sharp, lancinating, sudden, usually below the nipple— 
pleuritic. 

Darting from anterior part of chest to interscapular 
region—in phthisis. 

Constant pain between the shoulders—in phthisis, 
chlorosis, other chronic diseases. 


Vv. EFFECTS OF PERCUSSION. 


Increased clearness of sound—in pneumothorax and 
emphysema. 


224 SYMPTOMATOLOGY. 


Dullness of sound—pneumonia, pleurisy, phthisis, hy- 
drothorax, &c. 

Wooden sound—chronic pleurisy, with dense mem- 
branes. 

Tympanitic—pneumothorax and emphysema. 

Tubular—pleuritic effusion, tubercular excavation. 

Amphoric (imitated by filliping the inflated cheek)— 
tubercular cavities. 

Cracked metal sound—cavities near the surface. 


VI. EFFECTS OF AUSCULTATION. 


Exaggerated respiration—in portion of lungs adjoining 
those unfit for respiration. 

Weak respiration—from obstruction to entrance of air 
to the part. 

Suppressed respiration—when mucus clogs up a large 
bronchus. 

Jerking respiration—incipient pleurisy, spasmodic 
asthma, tuberculous infiltration. 

Incomplete respiration (inspiratory murmur defi- 
cient)—spasmodic asthma. 

Bronchial respiration (like the top of sternum and root 
of lung naturally)—in pneumonia, tubercles, &c. 

Cavernous and amphoric—tuberculous excavation. 


Dry Rhonchi. 
Sibilant—in bronchitis, from modified caliber of air- 
cells. 
Sonorous—in bronchitis, from modified caliber of air- 
cells. 
Dry, crackling (few in number, coexisting with inspi- 
ration)—first stage of phthisis. 


Humid Rhonchi. 


Crepitation (imitated by rubbing a lock of hair be- 
tween the fingers near the ear)—pneumonia in 
stage of engorgement and of resolution. 


SYMPTOMATOLOGY. 225 


Subcrepitant (more moist than last)—in capillary 
bronchitis, pneumonia at resolution, pulmonary 
apoplexy, codema of lung. 

Mucous—bubbling through liquid in bronchi of large 
size. 

Cavernous or gurgling—same as last, but in the pul- 
monary excavation, 

Friction sound—from diseased pleura. 

Diminished vocal resonance—in vesicular emphy- 
sema, pneumothorax. 

Exaggerated vocal resonance, or bronchophony—tu- 
bercle, pneumonia in stage of hepatization. 

Aigophony (nasal tone like a bleat of a goat)—pleu- 
ritic effusion. 

Pectoriloquy (resonance, as in a hollow, and trans- 
mitted in articulate words)—tubercular caverns, 
and dilated bronchi. 

Metallic, tinkling sound (imitated by striking gently 
a hollow glass vessel with a pin)—in pneumo-hy- 
drothorax, with bronchial fistula, in some excava- 
tions of the lungs. ; ° 


3. Circulatory Functions. 
I. AUSCULTATION OF THE HART. 


a. Its Impulse. 


(Is correspondent with the pulse at the wrist, unless 
mechanical impediments exist.) 


Strong—in fevers and inflammations. 

Small vibratile—after hemorrhage, in anzmia, &c. 

Full, strong, heaving, and somewhat diffused—hyper- 
trophy. 

Still more powerful, felt over the whole precordial 
region—hypertrophy with dilatation. 

Feeble and diffused—ventricular dilatation. 


226 SYMPTOMATOLOGY. 


Sharp, concentrated—in anzmic or nervous persons, 
atrophy of the muscular walls of the heart with 
fatty degeneration. 

Visible at scrobiculus cordis—obstruction anterior to 
tricuspid valve. 

Visible at scrobiculus cordis, as well as between the 
ribs of left side—disease of mitral valve. 


b. Its Rhythm. 


(The natural rhythm is a long sound, a short sound, 
and an interval.) 


Altered rhythm—most frequent cause is valvular 
change, dilatation of heart and atrophy of walls of 
ventricles, effusions into the pericardium. 


c. Its Sound. 


(Natural sound represented by lub-tub-lub-tub.) 
Louder and clearer—dilatation of the cavities, with 
thinning of the walls, without valvular disease. 
Clearer, but not louder—muscular atrophy of the 
parietes. 
Decreased sounds—impeded action, hypertrophy. 


(Unnatural sounds, or murmurs.) 


Endo-cardial, (or blowing murmurs, bellows murmur, 
rasping murmur, filing murmur, musical murmur)— 
indicative of valvular lesions, of diseased blood, as 
anemia, of nervous disease of heart. 

Exocardial (rubbing murmur and its varieties)—peri-° 
carditis, from the attrition of roughened surfaces. 


II. CHARACTER OF THE PULSE. 


a. As to its Force and Intensity. 
Strong resists compression by the finger. In inflam- 
matory affections, especially of the parenchyma of 
the solid viscera, as lungs and liver, in the active 


SYMPTOMATOLOGY. 227 


hemorrhages. In plethoric and strong individuals, 
any derangement of circulation will cause it. 

Weak (easily compressible)—disease with prostration, 
nervous and chronic affections, especially when 
caused by perverted nutrition, produced by fear, 
diseases of old men, women, and children. 

Full, volume of artery seems increased—natural pulse 
of plethoric and tall persons, diseases with strong 
pulse, cerebral congestion and apoplexy, cardiac 
disease. 

Small, opposite of full—often from narrowing of aortic 
orifice, in the serous phlegmasiz, as_ peritonitis, 
pericarditis, inflammations of stomach, intestines, 
bladder, &c., in hysteria, hypochondriasis, and other 
nervous affections, in chlorosis, in cold stage of 
fevers, diseases with violent paroxysms of pain, a 
symptom of adynamic and ataxic diseases, and of 
purulent resorption. 

Corded (hard, sharp, or contracted, giving a vibra- 
tory sensation to the fingers)—in the membranous 
phlegmasie, sanguine congestions, active hemor- 
thages, neurosis, lead colic, &c. 

Soft (compressible or liquid, yields readily to pres- 
sure)—in adynamic affections. 


b. As to its Rhythm. 

Frequent—febrile and inflammatory disease, hemor- 
rhages, &c. 

Slow or infrequent—apoplexy, acute tubercular men- 
ingitis, some adynamic affections, sometimes in dis- 
eases of heart. 

Unequal (dicrotous or double in beat)—convalescence. 


4. Function of Digestion. 


Tongue diminished in size (generally also trembling 
and dry)—typhus and other low fevers. 


228 SYMPTOMATOLOGY. 


‘Tongue coated, &c.—Dr. Louis’ observations indicate 
that the tongue does not show the true state of the 
stomach. This is a subject worthy of further in- 
vestigation. 

Appetite voracious—pregnancy, hysteria, and insanity. 

Appetite diminished—most acute diseases. 

Thirst increased—acute affections, especially of stom- 
ach and bowels—after hemorrhage, in diabetes. 
Thirst abolished—some cerebral diseases with coma. 
Vomiting—beginning of acute inflammatory and fe- 
brile affections, early pregnancy, in colic, cerebral 

diseases, hernia. 

Pain aggravated by pressure—inflammation of vis- 
cera, peritonitis. 

Pain relieved by pressure—overdistention, neuralgia, 
colic. 

Tormina—acute colic. 

Tenesmus—in‘dysentery. 

Feeces watery—serous diarrhea, Asiatic cholera. 

Feces mucous (like white of egg)—-chronic inflam- 
mation of the colon. 

Feces hard and scybalous—constipation, colic, cancer 
of stomach, &c. 

Feces clay color—deficiency of bile. 

Feces yellow or dark brown—excess of bile. 

Feces dark green——from bile, after calomel in children. 

Feeces red or streaked with blood—dysentery, when 
the blood is dark, and, mixed with the feces, it is 

‘ usually from the upper part of intestinal canal. 

Feces pitchy black—-melena. 

Feces pure blood, unattended with colic-—-hemor- 
rhoids. 

Feces semi-transparent and colorless, with whitish 
clots (like rice-water or turbid whey)—Asiatic 
cholera. 

Feeces black—from iron as medicine. 


SYMPTOMATOLOGY. 229 


Feces with shreds of false membrane—dysentery and 
diarrhcea, biliary or intestinal calculi, worms, &c. 

Feces with fat—diabetes, phthisis. 

Feces fetid—adynamic diseases. 


5. Urinary Secretion. 


Suppression or diminution—most inflammatory and 
febrile diseases, dropsy. 

Retention in the bladder—from paralysis, typhoid 
fever, hysteria, &c. 

Increased amount—diabetes, cold stage of fevers, hys- 
teria, from various passions of the mind. - 

Urine darker than usual in inflammatory affections ; 
if much blood is abstracted during their progress, 
it becomes clearer; at the height of the inflamma- 
tion it is clear and deeply colored; when it sub- 
sides, there is a yellow or reddish sediment of uric 
acid and urates. 

Deposits of uric acid (red or yellow sand sediments)— 
fever, acute inflammation, rheumatism, phthisis, all 
the grades of dyspepsia, diseases attended with 
arrest of perspiration, diseases of genital apparatus, 
from blows and strains of the loins, excessive in- 

dulgence in animal food, too little exercise. 

Deposits of earthy phosphates (white sediment)—in- 
dicate a depressed state of the nervous energy of 
serious importance. 

Deposits of oxalate of lime—digestive derangement. 

Urine containing blood—hemorrhage of kidneys or 
urinary tract. 

Albuminous urine—Bright’s disease, dropsy after scar- 
latina, &c. 

Mucous urine—irritated or inflamed state of genito- 
urinary mucous membrane. 

Sugar in urine—dyspepsia; when excessive, diabetes 
mellitus. 

20 


230 SYMPTOMATOLOGY. 


6. Perspiration. 


Profuse—acute rheumatism, decline of acute inflam- 
mations and fevers (the latter often critical). 

Diminished—early stage of acute disease, dropsy, dia- 
betes. 

Night sweats—phthisis (profuse, debilitating). 

Excessive acid odor—(rheumatism, gout). 

Odor fetid—some adynamic fevers. 

Odor mouldy—measles, scarlet fever. 

Odor ammoniacal—sometimes in typhoid fever. 

Odor peculiar in insanity. 

Odor of chlorine or rotten-stone—miliary. 


7. Animal Heat. 


General heat of surface—in fevers. 

External local heat—in inflammation. 

Forehead hot—cephalalgia, 

Scalp hot—cerebral disease. 

Integument of chest hot—thoracic inflammation. 

Hands and feet hot—pbhthisis. 

Peculiar acrid heat (burning the applied hand)—in 
typhus fever. 

Chill—initial of fever, and of the phlegmasiz, particu- 
larly pneumonia. 

Temperature generally low—from languid circulation. 

Coldness of hands and feet—in nervous and anzmic 
persons. 


231 


IX. 


OUTLINES OF GENERAL PATHOLOGY AND 


THERAPEUTICS. 


A. PRIMARY ELEMENTS OF DISEASE. 


I. Properties of Contractile arse Fiber. 


1 


ad. IRRITABILITY. 


Excessive. Seen in excessive strength, as in deli- 
rium; or in quickness, as in convulsions or clonic 
spasm; or in unusual duration, in tonic spasm 
(cramp, catalepsy, and tetanus). Aemedies.—If from 
flow of blood, antiphlogistic ; firm pressure on mus- 


_ cles in cramp (masseter muscle in trismus). If from 


— 


b 


nervous irritation, narcotics and antispasmodics, 
especially stramonium, belladonna, sulphuric ether, 
and Indian hemp. 


. Defective. In force (weakness and paralysis) or in 


readiness to contract (as from opium, digitalis, &c., 
and some cerebral diseases). Remedies.—Repose, 
if from exhaustion; stimulants, as ammonia, bran- 
dy, &c., (often large quantities), electricity, cold 
water dash; strychnia and cantharides in paralysis 
(endermic application best). 


b. TONICITY. 
(Cold increases tonicity and impairs irritability. ) 


. Excessive. Remedies.—Antimony, &c., to relax the 


fiber. 


. Defective. Remedies.—Tonics, especially cold, Pe- 


ruvian bark, iron, the mineral acids, and generous 
living. 


>» 


. 232 PATHOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS. 


LI. Properties of Nerves. 


ad. SENSIBILITY (GENERAL). 


1. Hxcess. Narcotics mostly required, as opium, hen- 
bane, hemlock, &c. If vascular excitement, anti- 
phlogistic treatment; with weakness, slow pulse, 
and absence of fever, tonics and stimulants as well 
as narcotics required. (Inhalation of ether the most 
powerful anodyne.) 

2. Defective (as in coma, &c.). Sometimes depletion ; 
if no disease, mental excitement, bodily exertion, 
the cold dash, and friction; from narcotics and re- 
tained excrement: use purgatives, diuretics, emetics, 
&c. If anemia, stimulants. 

3. Perverted Sensibility (illusory or depraved sensa- 
tions). Chalybeates, &c.; narcotics, &., as palli- 
atives. 


5. LOCAL SENSIBILITY. 


1. Excessive (from disease, &c., as the pain of pleurisy, 
&c.). If from inflammation, antiphlogistics; if re- 
maining after inflammation, anodynes (endermic 
application of morphia often useful; remove the 
cuticle by a blister, and apply one or two grains of 
a soluble salt of morphia; as the acetate or hydro- 
chlorate ; repeat once or twice daily, and keep the 
surface moist); counter-irritation and warmth (as 
gastrodynia relieved by a sinapism at the pit of the 
stomach). In a weak circulation, especially if the 
pain be intermittent, tonics are useful (as neuralgia 
treated with quinine, and iron; hemicrania with 
quinine, or liquor arsenicalis). 


C. VOLUNTARY MOTION. 


1. Excessive. Depletion, antimonials, cold to the head, 


PATHOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS, 233 


if determination of blood. If more nervous, nar- 
cotics. 

2. Defective. Excite the nervous centers through 
the circulation, as by stimulants, &c. (Hysterical 
coma often removed by a turpentine injection, or 
croton oil purge, which acts both as a revulsive to 
the vessels, and a stimulant to the nerves.) 

3. Perverted Volition. Treatment various; in delir- 
ium tremens by narcotics, as opium; in chorea, by 
nervous tonics, especially iron and zinc. 


d. REFLEX ACTION. 


Connected with organic life. The contractions of 
all the sphincters, and the regular action of the 
muscles of respiration depend on it. (A nervous 
influence, independent of the will conveyed by af- 
ferent nerves from the surface to the spinal marrow, 
and reflected from it through efferent nerves to the 
muscles of the parts.) 

1. Hxcess. Seen in spasm of throat in hydropho- 
bia, tetanus, hysteria, &c.; in convulsive motions 
of lower limbs when tickled, &c., in paraplegia, 
&c. Also in epileptic and apoplectic convulsions, 
which are centric when resulting from diseases in the 
head or loss of blood; or eccentric when from irri- 
tation of the extremities of afferent nerves; as from 
teething, intestinal, uterine, and renal irritation, 
passing a bougie, sometimes, &c.; also in partial 
spasms and sympathetic irritation of distant parts. 

If these inordinate reflex actions are general or 
extensive, as convulsions, tetanus, and paraplegia, 
we refer them to undue excitement, or erethism of 
the spinal marrow; the more partial examples (sym- 
pathetic irritation, &c.) may arise from a small por- 
tion of it only, or of the afferent or efferent nerve 


of the part. Increased flow of blood to the medulla, 
20* 


234. PATHOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS. 


or its nerves, or the branches of the sympathetic 
nerve; the direct action of poisons, as strychnia ; 
mechanical irritation on the spinal marrow, or its 
nerves (as in tetanus, tumors, and spicula of bone 
in spinal canal, &c.), may cause this excitement. 
The involuntary excito-motory property is also ac- 
cumulated by rest and sleep. Hence narcotism, in- 
jury of the spine, sedentary habits, too much sleep, 
&c., by suspending volition, may cause a morbid 
excess of involuntary nervous power and develop 
convulsive and spasmodic symptoms, which are the 
result of its overflow. 

Remedies.—Often antiphlogistic, because often de- 
pendent on determination of blood. If more purely 
nervous, as tetanus, &c., a narcotic used (hydrocy- 
anic acid, woorara, resin of Indian hemp, conium, 
&c., reduce the power of the spinal system, and cause 
general relaxation of muscles, but they may destroy 
life by arresting respiration; useful, however, in 
small doses in slighter irritations, as vomiting, nerv- 
ous palpitation, and hiccough.) Extract of bella- 
donna and stramonium, useful in convulsive cough 
and spasmodic asthma, and combined with opium in 
the spasms of colic, dysentery, and dysuria. 

In weak subjects, without inflammation, medi- 
cines which act as stimulants to the heart, and ves- 
sels, and cerebral functions, and also as sedatives 
to the medullary system (the stimulant antispas- 
modics, as ether, ammonia, musk, essential oils, ex- 
ternal heat and counter-irritation, &c.). Tonics also 
reduce the excitability of the spinal excito-motory 
system, especially metallic tonics, as iron, nitrate of . 
silver, sulphate and oxide of zinc, and sulphate of 
copper, cold baths, change of air, and exercise 
useful. 

»,” Defective reflex actions ; seen in paralysis of sphinc- 


‘ 
PATHOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS. 235 


ters, eyelids, and muscles of respiration; and ex- 
treme debility from fatigue, excitement, or directly 
depressing influences. 

Remedies.—Stimulants, narcotics, tonics (indis- 
criminate use of narcotics, hazardous in extreme 
weakness) ; should be preceded or combined with 
stimulants; those least depressing to be preferred, 
as opium; give suitable nourishment also in liquid 
form. 


é. REFLECTED (OR SYMPATHETIC) SENSATION. 


Reflex action referred to motion, but the impressions 


which cause sensation may be reflected in a similar 
manner: thus, ascarides in the rectum cause itching 
of the anus, congestion of the liver, often a pain in 
the right shoulder-blade, and the pains of angina 
and gastrodynia often extend to the whole chest; 
the former especially radiates to the left arm. 

Remedies.—1st. Those that remove the irritating 
cause. 2. Anodynes, by deadening sensibility (the 
efficacy of trisnitrate of bismuth and hydrocyanic 
acid in gastrodynia, and some kinds of angina, not 
referable to a narcotic property). Tonics are often 
useful, as morbid sympathies, like other nervous 
disorders, are exalted by weakness or irregularity 
of the circulation. 


III. Properties of Secretion. 


Excessive Secretion weakens, from the drain it causes 
from the blood. Its effects may be forward on the 
parts to which the secretion goes, or backward on 
the organ which secretes it and the blood from 
which it is formed. 

(Forward effects of excessive secretion of bile 
seen in bilious diarrhoea or cholera; of profuse mu- 


236 PATHOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS. 


cous secretion in the intestines in simple diarrhea ; 
in the bronchi in dyspncea and cough; in the stom- 
ach, seen in pyrosis or water-brash, &c. Backward 
effects seen in torpid bowels after diarrhcea. ) 

Remedies.—If dependent on the quantity and qual- 
ity of the blood, depletion, derivation, and evacu- 
ants. (The excessive secretion then a means of 
relief, and arrested by increasing it, as a purge of 
calomel will stop a bilious diarrhcea, from an en- 
gorged liver.) If from nervous or other irritation, 
causing weakness and disturbance of the functions, 
it may be checked by tonics and astringents (as 
cold to the part, alum, superacetate of lead, sul- 
phates of zinc and copper, gallic acid and tannin, 
vegetables which contain tannin, &c., mineral acids, 
&c. These act by direct application, as in diarrhea 
or leucorrheea, or through the circulation. Some 
agents, without a general astringent effect, diminish 
the secretion of particular organs, as opium, which 
remarkably lessens the secretion of the liver, and 
sometimes that of the kidneys). 

If excessive secretion have caused febrile disturb- 
ance, means to increase other secretions may restore 
a proper balance. Thus, in bilious cholera, saline 
diuretics and diaphoretics are serviceable; in renal 
irritation, with copious secretion of lithic acid, blue 
pill to augment the bile is often beneficial (combi- 
nations of medicines more useful in any disturbance 
of secretion, especially if long continued, as mercu- 
rials with diuretics, antimonials with salines, &c.). 

2. Defective. May cause general plethora, or local 
congestions, leading to dropsical effusions, fluxes, 
hemorrhages, or inflammations. Forward effects 
instanced in disorder in the latter stages of diges- 

< tion, from deficiency of bile. Backward effects often 
». ada in congestion of the organ; and very remarka- 


PATHOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS. 237 


bly in the case of the excretions, as urine and bile, 
which poison the blood when retained, causing ty- 
phoid symptoms, extreme depression, coma, and 
death. Ifthe suppression be incomplete in the lat- 
ter instances, the poisoning process is more tardy, 
producing various functional and visceral derange- 
ment, as delirium, or lethargy, dyspnoea, palpitation, 
vomiting, diarrhoea, &c. (The excrementitious mat- 
ters may then be detected in the blood, and other 
parts of the body; as the color of bile in the text- 
ures in jaundice; urea in the blood, &c., in gland- 
ular degeneration of the kidneys, &c. Gout, rheu- 
matism, degeneration, dropsies, &c., are often caused 
by various degrees of defective excretion.) 
Remedies —If from defective supply of blood, 
stimulants, &c.; if from inflammation or conges- | 
tion, depletion or derivation. Often the first dis- 
order is in the secreting structure itself, and the 
remedy must be those agents which increase the 
respective secretions; as mercury for the liver; col- 
chicum, niter, &c., for the kidneys; croton oil, jalap, 
sulphate of magnesia, &c., for the intestines, &c. 
(These specific stimuli in excess, or too long con- 
tinued, may cause not only general weakness, but 
also an exhaustion of the vital properties which 
they excite; as long or excessive use of mercury 
causes torpidity of the liver; of purgatives, imper- 
fect action of bowels; of diuretics, scanty, albu- 
minous, or watery urine;—hence they should be 
intermitted and alternated with tonics, as bitters 
with mercurials; chalybeates with saline aperients 
and diuretics.) In chronic cases, medicines which 
are inferior in efficacy to be preferred, because less 
exhausting—(examples: taraxacum, iodine, sarsa- 
parilla, nitric and nitro-muriatic acids). Where 
defective secretions are not readily restored, they 


238 PATHOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS. 


may sometimes be compensated for by artificial 
substitutes. Thus ox-gall, aloes, and soap, or 
toasted bacon at breakfast promotes the action of 
the intestines, in defective secretion of bile; and 
defective secretion of mucus may be remedied by 
mucilage, &c. 

3. Perverted Secretion often accompanies excess and 
defect. In febrile diseases, the secretions of the 
kidneys and the alimentary canal are altered as 
well as diminished; inflammation and determina- 
tion of blood change as well as increase the secre- 
tion from mucous membranes, rendering it more 
saline and sometimes albuminous, &c. Altered se- 
cretion may be unfit for use; as a thin, acrid mucus 
irritates instead of protecting the membrane, as in 
coryza and mucous diarrhoea; viscid, dry mucus 
obstructs the tubes; altered gastric juice causes in- 
digestion; sebaceous matter accumulating in the 
follicles of the skin causes irritation, inflamma- 
tion, &c. 

Remedies.—Usually those which increase secre- 
tion. In some cases tonics may be advantageously 
combined with them. Such a combination is pre- 
sented in most of those remedies called alteratives. 


IV. Constituents of the Blood. 


The principal constituents of the blood, necessary to 
be mentioned here, are the red particles, fibrin, and 
albumen, either in excess, defect, or alteration. The 
other constituents of the blood are oil, salts, and 
water. In malignant cholera, the defect of saline 
matter and water, owing to the excessive evacua- 
tions, seems to be the cause of the obstructed cir- 
culation, lividity, and collapse, and hence the tem- 
porary efficacy of injection, of saline solutions into 
\. the veins of such patients. 





PATHOLOGY AND THERAPUETICS. 239 


a. RED PARTICLES. 


The red particles of the blood are distinct structures— 
living cells, floating in the liquor sanguinis; they 
have a tendency to cohere in piles or roleaus in 
fresh-drawn blood, and this tendency is strongest 
in blood taken from a person affected with inflam- 
mation. . 

1. Hxcess. Seen in sanguineous plethora. A slight 
increase has been detected in the early stage of in- 
flammations and fevers, especially eruptive fevers, 
as measles and scarlatina. 

Remedies.—Blood-letting the speediest agent. Low 
or vegetable diet and the antiphlogistic regimen 
generally : saline medicines, much diluted and taken 
copiously, have a remarkable effect. © 

2. Defect. Seen in the lymphatic temperament, also 
after a great loss of blood, in chlorosis and other 
ansemic states, in scrofulous and tubercular dis- 
eases, in the latter periods of fevers, and after severe 
inflammations, in granular degeneration of the 
kidney, &c., &. Known by paleness of parts natu- 
rally red, pallid or sallow complexion, a weak state 
of the functions generally. 

Remedies.— Air; light nourishing food, especially 
brown meats; tonics, particularly iron (Quevenne’s 
metallic iron, Merrum per Hydrogen). 

3. Alteration. Of the red particles is evinced by change 
of color in the blood, and change of form in the in- 
dividual corpuscles, as seen by the microscope. 

Seen in scurvy; in the Walcheren and other 
malignant fevers, in cachemia, from malarious in- 
fluence, generally in connection with a diseased 
spleen ; in congestive typhoid fevers, &c. 

Remedies.—Saline medicines have been recom- 
mended in typhoid and malignant fevers; but reme- 
dies to increase the excretions in connection with 


240 PATHOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS. 


those mentioned under the last head, are less 
questionable; in malarious and anemic cachzemia ; 
the use of purgatives and diuretics, combined with 
chalybeate tonics, has produced the best effects. 


b. FIBRIN. 


But little difference between fibrin and albumen, in 
chemical composition, yet fibrin is distinguished by 
its being organizable or susceptible of life. It 
causes the coagulation of the blood; it constitutes 
the buffy coat and coagulable lymph } and is prob- 
ably the material by which chiefly the textures are 
nourished and repaired. 

1, Hxcess. In all true inflammatory diseases, especiaily 
those of a sthenic character, and in acute rheuma- 
tism. There is a relative excess also in diseases 
connected with a deficiency of red particles. 

Remedies.—Blood-letting and low diet; yet fibrin 
is less reduced by them than excess of red particles. 
Remedies which increase the more solid secretions 
probably diminish the fibrin. 

2. Defect. Seen in fluidity, or but slight coagulation 
of blood when drawn, or in asthenic tendency to 
hemorrhage, and unmanageable oozing of blood 
from an accidental wound, &c., in cases of poisoning 
with hydrocyanic acid, &c., in adynamic fevers, &c., 
in cases of asphyxia, cyanosis, &c. 

Remedies.— Assist the functions on which the sup- 
ply of fibrin depends. If the digestive organs will 
bear them, meat, eggs, bread and other articles 
abounding in protein: assist digestion and assimi- 
lation by stimulants, bitters, quinine, and the min- 
eral acids; help respiration by the access of pure, 
cool air; avoid fatigue; secure sleep, if necessary, 
by narcotics; toxicological means, of course, if 
called for. 


PATHOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS. 241 


3. Alterations. Seen in the varieties presented by the 
buffy coat, and contractions of the clot of blood. 
Also in the varieties of the reparative process. False 
membrane, deposits, &c., in a healthy subject, may 
be euplastic, or in a high degree organized and 
healthy. But in many instances the nutritive ma- 
terial is caco-plastic, or susceptible of only a low 
degree of organization, as in induration, from chro- 
nic inflammation, in fibro-cartilage, cirrhosis, gray 
tubercle, &c. It may also be aplastic, or not or- 
ganizable at all, as in pus, curdy matter, yellow 
tubercle, &c. 

Remedies.—The increased properties of separation 
and contraction manifested by blood in inflamma- 
tion, are reduced by blood-letting, &c. Yet if anti- 
phlogistic remedies do not remove localinflammation, 
they may render its product more injurious by 
lowering its plasticity. Hence the necessity of en- 
deavoring to remove inflammation before they be- 
come chronic, and when there is risk of such event, 
improving the condition of the blood by a tonic and 
nutritive plan, conjoined with local antiphlogistic 
measures. A similar tonic treatment is indicated in 
scrofulous, chlorotic, and other cachectic states, 
where the fibrin is relatively copious with a ten- 
dency to aplastic deposits. In addition, remedies 
likely to keep the fibrin dissolved, as alkalies, and 
iodide of potassium, are advisable, although the 
efficacy of these means has not been fully proved. 


c. ALBUMEN. 


1. Excess. Exists in most cases of inflammations, and 
fevers, especially during their more active stages. 
Its increase is not, however, in proportion to that 


of fibrin. Its_excess in cholera is due to the removal 
21 


242 PATHOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS. 


of the water of the blood. Very poor living, exten- 
sive hemorrhage, and other drains will reduce it. 

2. Defect. Met with in cases of albuminuria, and in 
diabetes: it seems to be a chief constituent of the 
dropsical diathesis. 

Remedies—Those which restrain wasting dis- 
charges and improve general nutrition. Cod-liver 
oil recommended for the last purpose. 


V. Changes in the Blood by Respiration. 


The change of venous into arterial blood is never in 
excess, for the activity of the respiration is adapted 
to the rapidity of the circulation, and the correspond- 
ing need of change. 

Defect of the change is the essence of asphyxia or 
apnoea. ; 

Remedies.—Rest, fresh air and sedative medicines 
(as digitalis, hyoscyamus, &c.), or antispasmodics. 
Sometimes an enfeebled circulation may require 
stimulants, or an engorged venous system calls for 
depletion. In suspended animation from drowning, 
&c., artificial respiration, frictions, the warm bath, 
stimulants, &c. 


VI. Changes in the Blood by Excretion. 


See Sect. III. Property of Secretion. 

Other changes may be produced in the blood from the 
transformation of the chyle and or the textures, in- 
cluding the processes of nutrition and reparation 
(probably the cause of gout, diabetes, and obesity). 
The presence of foreign matters in the blood, also, 
may excite various contagious epidemic or endemic 
diseases ; but too little is yet ascertained to supply 
any certain knowledge. 


PATHOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS. 243 


b, PROXIMATE OR SECONDARY ELEMENTS OF DISEASE, 
I, Anemia. 

The exciting causes of anemia are circumstances 
which injure or withdraw the blood; profuse dis- 
charges of other fluids; scanty or poor food; im- 
pure air; chronic diseases, and uterine irregularity, 
as chlorosis. 

The general symptoms are weakness, both muscular 
and organic; defective nutrition; and imperfect 
sanguification; the nervous system is also fre- 
quently excited. 

ftemedies.—(See A, Section IV.) Those which in- 
crease the constituents of the blood. 


II. Hyperemia, or Excess of Blood. 

This may be general (plethora), with increased motion 
(sthenic), or with diminished motion (asthenic) ; or 
it may be local, with diminished motion (conges- 
tion), or with increased motion (determination of 
blood). The results of these may be hemorrhage, 
flux, dropsy, &c. Another variety of hyperemia 
may be distinguished by an altered or perverted 
action of the vessels. This is chiefly local, and in- 
cludes inflammation. 

Remedies.—For plethora, blood-letting and other 
evacuants. In the sthenic kind, sedative and relax- 
ing remedies are also indicated, but in the asthenic, 
tonics, and even stimulants; or alterative aperients 
as mild mercurials, with rhubarb, aloes, or senna, 
salines, and taraxacum, iodide of potassium, &c., 
may prepare the way for various tonics. 

For congestion, the most important means are those 
which contribute to a removal of its cause, as the 
loosening of a ligature, reduction of a compressing 
tumor, moderating the action of a diseased heart, 
or restoring the secretion of the liver, &. In con- 


244 PATHOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS. 


gestion from atony of the vessels, a change of pos- 
ture sometimes gives relief, as in congestive fevers, 
when the head is affected, it should be elevated ; 
congested uterine, or hemorrhoidal, vessels, and 
varicose limbs, are assisted by the recumbent pos- 
ture. Pressure, as by bandages, &c., is also useful 
at times. Astringents are sometimes useful by in- 
creasing the contractility of the vessels. Stimulants 
also are often very effective, as diluted spirit lotion 
to a congested conjunctiva, capsicum gargle to a 
congested throat, or a stimulant wash to a purple 
sore, &c. 

For determination of blood, the removal of stimuli or 
irritants from the part, or the reduction of their ac- 
tion by soothing or diluent remedies, is the first in- 
dication. The atonic distention of the arteries sup- 
plying the part may be relieved by cold, astringents, 
and derivants; as cold lotions to the head, and the 
hot foot-bath in determination to the head. Evacu- 
ants, also, and frequently blood-letting, are indi- 
cated as derivants. 

Inflammation.—In incipient inflammation, for the con- 
gestion, aStringents, stimulants, or evacuants may 
be useful. For the irritation of the nerves and 
vessels, sedatives, derivatives, and evacuants. 

In local inflammation, the remedies for congestion and 
determination are applicable. For impeded circu- 
lation in a part, moist heat, and other stimulants; 
but, for increased circulation, the remedies for de- 
termination. In inflammation with fever, general 
blood-letting and other evacuants are called for; 
relaxants, as antimony, &c.; low diet, &c. 

(A remarkable fact has been discovered by Dr. Mar- 
shall Hall, viz., that in inflammatory diseases a much 
larger quantity of blood may be drawn without 
producing syncope, than can be taken in health, or 


PATHOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS. 245 


in other diseases.) He says: “In cases in which it 
is doubtful whether the pain or other local affection 
be the effect of inflammation or of irritation, the 
question is immediately determined by placing the 
patient upright, and looking upward, and bleeding 
to incipient syncope. In inflammation much blood 
flows ; in irritation very little.” This he considers 
a rule for blood-letting, a guard against undue and 
inefficient blood-letting, and a “ source of diagnosis, 
in the fullest sense of the word.” 

The following table shows the results of his investi- 
gations, as to the tolerance of blood-letting in differ- 
ent diseases, before incipient syncope. 


I, AUGMENTED TOLERANCE. 


1. Congestion of the brain, 3 xI-l. 

2. Inflammation of serous, synovial, and fibrous mem- 
branes, 3xxx-xl. 

3. Inflammation of the parenchyma of organs (brain, 
lung, liver, mamma, &c.), Zxxx. 

4. Inflammation of the skin and mucous membranes 
(erysipelas, bronchitis, dysentery), 3xvj. 


II. HEALTHY TOLERANCE. 


This depends on the age, sex, strength, &c., and on 
the thickness of the parietes of the heart; and is 
about Zxv. 


III. DIMINISHED TOLERANCE. 


. Fevers and eruptive fevers, 3 xj-xiv. 

. Delirium tremens and puerperal delirium, 3 x—xij. 

. Laceration or concussion of the brain. Accidents 
before the establishment of inflammation. Intestinal 
irritation, 3 viij—x. 

. Dyspepsia, chlorosis, 3 viij. 

. Cholera, Z vj. 


Soi wet 


Ot 


21* 


246 PATHOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS. 


The exhaustion from long-continued inflammation 
often renders stimulants and tonics necessary; as 
also the depression arising from the influence of 
purulent or gangrenous matter. The effused pro- 
ducts of inflammation require evacuants, attenuants, 
alteratives, stimulants, friction, &c. 

Varieties of Inflammation.—The sthenic form requires 
of course all the antiphlogistic measures, but in the 
asthenic form, local blood-letting is better than 
general, which is illy borne. Antimony or mercury, 
and blisters, form the chief treatment. The diet, 
though light, should not be too spare. 

Erysipelatous inflammation is generally asthenic, and 
often requires stimulant and tonicagents. The local 
treatment consists of punctures and incisions; 
cauterization by nitrate of silver; and mercurial 
ointment, which is supposed to modify the character 
of the poison. A solution of sulphate of iron in 
water, one ounce to a pint of: water, applied to the 
part by moistened rags, acts like a charm. 

The aphthous inflammation of children is to be treated 
by aperients, with a local application of borax, ora 
weak solution of sulphate of zinc. 

Scrofulous inflammation owes its peculiarity to a de- 
graded condition of the plasma, or nutritive material 
of the blood; and hence it is most benefited by 
tonics, nourishing diet, &c. Cod-liver oil, iodide of 
potassium, &c., are medicines in repute. 

Rheumatic and gouty inflammation require means to 
eliminate the morbid matter from the system, as 
mercury and colchicum. Active antiphlogistic mea- 
sures are often necessary, however, before these 
medicines will act. 

Gonorrhceal inflammation requires mild antiphlogistic 
and demulcent measures at first, and astringent in- 
jections and terebinthinate remedies afterward. 
Mercury is the chief specific in syphilis. 


PATHOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS. 247 


c. STRUCTURAL DISEASE. 


Ineluding increased nutrition (hypertrophy), dimin- 
ished nutrition (atrophy), and perverted nutrition, 
would open a field too extensive for a table like the 
present. It pertains, too, rather to the department 
of morbid anatomy than to pathology proper. (See 
A, Section IV.) 


MODES OF DEATH. 


I. Beginning at the heart. 1. Suddenly (syncope). 
This is instantaneous; the subject suddenly turning 
pale, falling back, or dropping down, and expiring 
with one gasp. 

2. Gradually (asthenia). The symptoms are,—in- 
creasing weakness of, body and mind, with perhaps 
no marked derangement in any particular function ; 
increased frequency, and diminishing strength of 
the pulse; the face, lips, &c., becoming paler and 
paler, or of a peculiar sallowness; extremities be- 
come cold and cedematous; tongue often dry and 
brown, or furred, and the mouth aphthous; excre- 
tions imperfectly voided at first, then the sphincters 
lose their power, and the discharges are involun- 
tary ; general sinking. 

II. Beginning at the breathing apparatus (asphyxia or 
apnoea). Symptoms: increased feeling of suffocation ; 
face, neck, &c., congested, and changing from red 
to purple, and from purple to livid; stupor; reduc- 
tion of temperature; weak and irregular pulse ; 
rapid reduction of muscular strength. 

III. Beginning at the brain (coma). Its symptoms 
are those of interrupted function of the brain, in- 
sensibility, and suspension of voluntary motion, 
the heart’s action not being materially impaired. 
The excito-motory system of the medulla is often 
affected, as well as the sensorial and voluntary 


248. PATHOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS. 


functions: hence respiration is interrupted, convul- 
sions sometimes. ensue, and the sphincters are re- 
laxed. 

IV. Beginning at the medulla (paralysis). This mode, 

- like that of the last, is really by apnoea, but the ex- 
cito-motory function is the first to fail.. Of course 
there can be no respiration when. this ceases. 

V. Beginning with the blood (necremia). The symp- 
toms are typhoid, putrid, or malignant ; a congested 
surface, the color being dusky or livid; exanthe- 
matous patches on the skin, or petechie ; ecchymo- 
ses, or oozing of thin, bloody fluid from the gums, 
nostrils, &c.; extreme prostration; obtuse senses 
and mental faculties; sometimes with delirium and 
twitching of the limbs; half-closed eyes and dilated 
pupils; frequent and unequal respiration; no ap- 
petite; intense thirst; a dry, brown tongue with 
dark sordes on the lips and teeth; progressive fall 
of temperature ; cold, clammy, and fetid perspiration ; 
hiccough; subsultus tendinum; scanty, offensive 
urine; involuntary discharges. 


INDEX. 


A. 


Abbreviations .....0...+6. 
Abdominal symptoms..... 
Absinthium ......... ARBOR 
IN CHELU Os alee aiacs Bialels<tieeteie re 
Acetate of copper......... 


ACBLMMs 52d slae or eisvalaiets tenets - 
GCOLGDICL eo so. ere idonta 
destillatum........... 
OP lbs cit crceie iclclaitaacierele 


SCL els es ore catenie “ 
Achillea millefolium...... 
ACIOSe ce wan oa otee pew sdl, LO; 


Acidum aceticum..... .... 
aceticum dilutum.... 
aceticum aromaticum. 
ATSCNIOSUM.......e00. 
benzoicum......... seis 
citricum... 
gallicum.. chats 
hydrochloricum....... 
THGPISUCH DD a's a0 ote 
hydrochloricum dilut. 
hydrocyanicum dilut.. 
PUPP LCT My 0.015, ols: setae levels 
nitricum dilutum...... 


eeeneosteee 


nitro-muriaticum..... he 


nitrosum.... 
sulphuricum . 
aromaticum ........ ° 
sulphuricum dilutum.. 

tannicum ..... 


eeceeeees 


Aconite...... ss Mala eis-s's 
IAGOUMIN As. cca eines e s6..0 
Aconitum, Maateidie s:¢ia8 
Asther sulphuricus........ 





Agrimonia eupatoria...... 
ASTIMOWY ceclee wiecine.e.« since 
Alcohol..... Sip larsietsle «LAs 8, 
Aletris... 
Alkalies...... Bievatotey si kiLig 15, 
Alkaloids, vegetable ...... 
ATH Uae ec alais.c aie cles bie 
ATMONGSs choc cistele sire « cisicisrs 
AINUS THDTA Sener ccc 
Aloe..... Sia -Bi etm aueter pia ella: skate) 
Alteration of red particles. 
Alteration of fibrin........ 
Alth se@is<'so is's ta sistas oie cainis 
AAT Sa (oa elat aattorarecmat erate wana 
AlUm LOOES s.s\e's estates ete vie © 
Alumen exsiccatum....... 
ALUMNI AS snc A vine Oerarerere 
AMIDE, «ols eictisiacuiel naar 
American centaury........ 

COlUMDOL. Aeaiseiiepae a: 

TOL yi iaiala, ae gens bie siese 

ipecacuanha.........: 

PODIALctaase ep ebise © 
AMMODIGCHIN« ss sa aiclvele 
Ammoniz carbonas....... 

hydrochloras.,........ 

PHOSDNGGs c%.ciele c:eciosee 
Ammoniated copper....... 

ITO claw sew oes ete tee « 
AI YS dal lar eaisasiers <5 0 e/a 
AMY IU, ssc eta'dieisisls wipes. « 
ATWO MI ee aiem tessa eaves 
ATI GURU way steree slelel Gye e'sieis'e 
ATIZOMEA sraalate e's! oye nisinisin ©] ae 

CLOG Aa arsaclasibiae/s ohises 
Angustura. 


Animal charcoal........ 1a 
ATIBULIN teases ct sia ece'eieleie 


AMMUB OOO ss Ucialalnise sc @eicus.cies 
ATOMS. diss cis. <sias aje 80 06 


190 


182 
192 
29 


250 
Avitiarthritics . vc. sues es 0 LO 
Anticonvulsives........... 16 


ANTUIMICH. csp a « s sielin ale 16 
Antimonium suiphuratum. 34 
Antimonii et potasse tart.. 33 


sulphuretum......... ~- 83 
ANtIMOBY. 2... cceece os odd, 108 
Antiperiodics............. 16 


Antiphosphatics.......... 16 
Antiphlogistics............ 16 
Antiscrofulitics..........-- 16 
ANtISCOUDULICE.. io seenaciaeen LO 
Antisyphilitics............ 16 


Antirrhinum linaria....... 34 
Antisquami¢s,.,...sec5--. 16 
Apocynum androszmifo- 


Tiber Oes ty cc kee Oe 
CAUNADINDIM os. 5c. 63 


Aqua acida carbonici...... 35 
amygdale amare..... 35 
COMIPWOLE Saces ose es 35 
cinmnamomi........--. 34 
PCIE TIGUIdw ci 5). 0.05.6 35 

Aquz TOS#....... PT eaitieg skit 


Aquilegia vulgaris........ 35 
FAYAlIG SINGS: disse sis es Gale 
MUCiCAMIBS ciecpetss s eas OO 
ATCCUUM JAPA ssecs cecesee 190 
Argenti cyanidum ........ 
HOCIVAUM iy acre e's seis else 36 


PICASA fone plpassints 36 
OSV oy ao etek o hae ects 37 
APATOIACIOK cee ais<oins cele 6 HO 
PAN ATO A Sai fared etei cls sie: onto ea 37 
Aramatic confection. on an sata 
WINCPAT: 6.6 ca vln es isle dial Cae 


sulphuric acid........ 26 
FATBSONIIC. sidisice casas oc sie att oe 
AXROTIOUS ACG. .'ey ec cesne. oO 
Asarum canadense.. 38 
SAR CLODIGS cc e's vse em aeatele eps 
BSVATARUS{accccic cess cnisiney Tae 

OMCiNAlIS) . Cease eelew 
Aspect of patient.......... 
PNBREIUSTIUA,s 2 vers is’ s/t ioins cies | OU, 
Astringents’.....°........18, 183 
Attitude of patient........ 210 
Aurantii cortex. ::.....-.. ''39 


INDEX. 


AUTUIM'. sinsieanteeaiee soca OO 
Auscultation of chest...... 224 
NiGarticiocice ules wis.cec «lear 


AVEGRTACH A .gertmieneotes | 1Oo 
B. 
SHAT os Go ie's co caine cieemealne LEO 
Balmony....... bie scslofetet soo 48 
Balsamum Peruvianum... 39 

LOMMtANUM % 5% ise scree 0 OO 


Baptisia tinctoria.......... 39 
BED EIT Vins ce cain ceewrs sis 
Barosma........ ROPER AP sitios GENE 
EOPUEW.UAN ts ope ae nya ietese blake 
Beaked hazel.........-... 9D 
Bear’s whortleberry ...... 175 
BRDGEEWIN aaie Greece nesses hoe 


Heliadona:s soc es csuie cies, SLU. 
Benne’. s. cs seses ceases Wee 
Benzoic acid ....62.0- malaisth ea 
Benzoin ...... Seta aleve eo te - 40 
Benzoinum odoriferum.... 40 
Berberis vulgaris.......... 40 
BethvOGts Gee cee seeccommnee 


Betwlac.ssscboc wenden aU 
BArGh.o sess is aastaeieaisisere ss 40 
Bismuth, cccasicce serene Loo 
Bismuthi trisnitras........ 

ValeriaNas..cccsccscee 
Bitter almond water...... 35 


SUD Ads egees casees. <0 
ValCrianaB. .cccccceres 40 
Bitter cucumber.......... 41 


Bittersweebo. <:\ctsiciesicw-ctc0 = 63 
Black Alder se es cis aistecs = » 
wenelleboreve. cstenste crs 81 
oxide of mercury..... 
Pepper yaw sweats ea ccle es 
BHAMCLOOL. ce csseccceet 40 
Blessed thistle.......c62-. 45 
Blistering fly............42, 46 
BloOMhOOt ea ke ses ancogaae 140 
Blue COHOs. 6 .<.55:2.0c6 e001, OS 


AP Pewlac's cls svciced aateae, 20 
BOueset ccsccceeeeceacteis US 
Borate of soda............ 144 


seeeeet recor eaereseere 144 


Borax. 


INDEX. 251 
Brooni LOP8. e's <'s)s6 e'ehe's sic, ale 142 | Catalpa cordifolia......... 45 
SGD Oce)s c's s oes ciel fokly LOO, f OGtATIB see serene eee alc cae wel ao 
IEC Us cic vie vs a seieaa mee ai ek, | CALTRLY LION vegas cd Seces asec sO 


PSC DOAN. cs cceelatanerees jl LO 
Bugle weed... cscaesascis=s 107 
Burdock .. 0.62% sige 0,5 a1eiph30,, 95 
Burning Dusk. sos a ceeesee = 05 
Butterfly weed............ 38 
IBHGLOLOUL. ao.) ane seaecls eit O 
Button snakeroot.......... 68 


C. 


@alaminag:, siiss bese carace te 
PLOPalata..<ceesasss el) 4h 
Calamine cerate.......... 46 
Calamus aromaticus...... 41 
Caleii> Chioridl. Gi ...0 cweacen 741 
Calcis carbonas precipi- 
CAEUS 1c a a ctcracioia cer ctaye eas 
Calendula officinalis...... 41 
Calomel....... ete algal 83 
Calx ehlorinath.. ys cies: 41 
CaMpnor iin Succes cece ca ek 
~ WAteL,.cccccccvescene 35 
Gam plore sc sice cost seere cay aL 
Geno las asic’ erence ous 0 cre crew eees 
WANtNAPIS 2. psisccoseasvaae anes 


CADSICUIN 5). <ciscins bejeivcinee te 
Carbo animalis............ 43 
Carp Lil... os asia seissisaiseln (40 
Carbonate of lime......... 41 


BOGAsa sc sewess selaine.e 144 
WANCs coe oa Cees d'e Ws dipee 42 
Carbonic acid water....... 35 
Cardamomum ............ 43 
WBRTA OCU ci cas veoa's ois sce suid 


Carrot....+ Me anudicKee seen 
Carvthamusraci«ccesccesc.cs, 44 
CATES sare visiare as Asinen ood yt Ae 


Caraway..... se aiatahaviees'ey) 44 
Caryopnyllus: sc. ..c scence. 44 
CABORTULIALS cg ets sisi: ce'e.e PSE am 
Cleampaibo tre c a's araielalate see. cei aiels 44 


CAUBIRNGHA: osc ced sd canes os. 44 
OaBtOn ees stare ale orx,s Acacia oa.p) 44 
Castoreum.. ....sses000e. 44 


CAatnipicesy aamatstoes ca vesie ce SO 
Catharticgsrs freee evs eae LS 
Catawha tree. ....ccccces. 45 
Catechu loses eden wasp sce a. 40 
Ceanothus Americanus.... 45 
GCelandine soe ses ou 48. 
Celastrus scandens........ 45 
Centaurea benedicta....... 45 
Cera flava et cera alba.... 45 
Cerate of acetate of lead.. 46 
carbonate of zinc.,.... 47 
subacetate of lead.... 46 
Cerates and ointments..... 211 
Ceratum calaming........ 46 
cantharigidy.s agesdde 140 
COLACOA acest scchooes, 40 
plumbi subacetatis.... 46 
LOSING Teese Some Ee, 
resinze compositum ... 47 
SAD! os cass e's seateeee er 
SAPOIUS <sclcve eseceneem ee 
simplex....... selma Tee 
zinci carbonatis....... 47 
Cerevisie fermentum,..... 48 
CetaceuM cise deccdse recs 40 
Catratigacysiccse es siden cecan, 40 
Chale (mixtures, cide. 2.0 
Chalybeates............... 16 
Chamomile. coe. vlewe scaly vx “BO 
Changes in blood by excre- 


TLODAS eaacey aeicte wane 2 
Character of the pulse..... 226 
Charcoal. acesedssseds se.) 40 
Chelone glabra......+...2. 48 
Chenopodium..... eaieaseen 45 


Chest symptoms.......... 217 
CHIGOLY ceceie cacidaesisieasia 40 
Chimaphila.ccs Seccce. » 48 
Chinguapin.....c.cccc...~ «44 
Chloride of calcium....... 41 


TUTE ie do's eel igid elala ole 's: 5's 41 
SOGOU cs eid cle eccinee ss L460 
Chloroform... sleet ey 49 


Chlorinated lime.......... 41 
Cholagogues......sse0.4-- 18 


252 


Chondrus......sceeeeeeees 49 
Cichorium intybus........ 49 
Cimichtuga. s/s. eae ene 1 oO 


Cinna. c.<.c ses ns excite 85 
CinnaniOny, < s'o\'s sic clae's ee 50 

WURLOE ccs vie ccee's sae marae 
COUN CMOBA ee sos s-atscie icons 49 
GOUXALG Of IFO «2 ssa sen aon 74 

iron and quinia....... 76 
CUHOIACIC. o . . wccevulcuee eee 
Cleavers.......-..-0- Bet: fe he} 
Climbing staff-tree........ 45 
Cloves.,..... Bri es Wee 
CObWEB Oe eset a: 50 
COCGHBita sas ccuah > Soaaseee aoe 


COcHINGAL:. cescs s ..s cicokinels 50 


Cochlearia officinalis... Ai ae) 
Co Hee ee Ce tistec a os sl Oe 
COnGSIe ovee co ans bc asee se hee 
Colehieuin ccs cessacren, OU 
COLIMSOMT OS clas epee sO 
Conodhim esas ce Cake ee) DE 
Colocynthisise esol seca. = OL 
Colombo n eS ses wees es crete Ok 


Colishhot cee bs oc cre ae cee 172 


Columbine ............0-. 35 
COMITGY. <6 cae ca secede soe bom 
Compound lead cerate..... 46 

TEsiN’ CEPAte [0's eee se), 40 

spirit of ether........ 147 
Common mallow ......... 108 
Comptonia asplenifolia.... 61 


Concentrated or resinoid 
bxtracts 0s... eas 208 


Confectio aromatica....... 61 
MOVANT Le ee cate ies MO 
GABBI iis c's oie cle tiaisie cicte emcee 
Of Orange...c..sceeee-. 92 
OL LOSES... a Ncie Bin-cbleis ei Om 
OPW cow cacccs cece emae 
rose gallicze.......... 62 
GTITEC toate sed as cant hone 

COMICOLION wo vc ces we cee pec nOo 

OMIM hc wee ae case cee PROD 

Contrayerva.......0...... 54 

_ Convallaria multifiora..... 54 

Convolvulus panduratus.. 654 

Copaiba.. ci. cvevvecsseee 54 


INDEX. 


Copper’ cess reapers veces +) la 
(SOPUIB . chess semieeicee Riewes 2-04: 
WOTIANIOL. . semaleecaneesioe U0 
COriandf aM. 2... .telewesds. US 
Cornus Florida ....... We 23) 
Corrosive sublimate..;.... 83 
Corydalis formosa........ 55 
Corylus rostrata .......... 55 
MOTTON cis bso 's = xo ware eeeels 80 
WOU ce dices secies e's 2 a eeKtOD 
AUC EATS SE ae PDs 222 
Counter-irritants.......... 15 
GOWDARE.. 60 seeasccle SEARS 114 
rane se bills Peo c sic ce < sje 79 
CTERSOG sce tccceecees cas lds OD 
Creasotum........- Facials si eo 
Creta preparata.......... 55 
GCTOCUB.., coils aus arate ee a00 
CHDEDR ois oats eidolere etalon EO: 
Cucurbitay citrullus........ 56 
Culver’s physic........... 98 
Cunilla mariana... «see. OO 
CUPTHACGtas... sacs. cniseiese pad, 
BUIPHAG.L San cee ne Fee RO 
Cuprum ammoniatum..... 57 
CUTLcuimt. ce eeaiedee se OL 
CUBDATIA RR ontecsn ase hee nLoo 
Cyano-hydric acid........ 24 
Cyanuret of silver........ 36 
CYAOdININ ence cqeesin eas aa 01. 
Cypripedium,............. 58 
D. 
DanGOMOUs selecsse esc see shod 
PPO TGHS. watuenerste.a/eiiieta ais = 0's 57 
Deadly nightshade. cecoers 40 
Decoctionaloescompositum 58 
calumbs compositum. 658 
Decoctions......... Pole e Wetepeu 
Decoctum cetrariz........ 59 
chimaphile..... woeeee , 09 
cinichons........ Mest ae 
cornus Floride....... 59 
POLCHMATB Ties eee 60 
RLANAL Ge wale dys os alcles San UU, 
hmatoxyli.s.. 2.” 60 
HOLA on be eee cecae Gis 


INDEX. 


Decoctum quercus........ 61 
sarzx compositum.... 61 
SCUCL RH Joatalcielsias os telus, GF 


SCI 235. eam sina es. OC 
TATaAX 2Cl aera wie- eels « s 
WV USL. eee sce siete « ~ 62 
Decubitus of patient...... 
Defect of albumen........ 
TOV oe nates a ore le statis 
of red particles. ...... 
Defective irritability...... 23 
Telex ACHON. . ss eae soe 
SECEOUMOWea'aiee a 2 0 vcincie,s 
BETMSDOLLLL Vin ois wisisieieie’ ass 
GOULCULY,'c.40\<14:4 siane'vie' azis 
voluntary motion..... 
Doliriantsy shisie «es 90 nates 
Derangement of sensation. 
voluntary motion..... 
Derangements of animal 
HOAts Aeiee'c area tres diag 200 
digestion.......... Ae, 
intellect. eee. 5 a 
perspiration .....,..0. 
reflex system... 
respiration..,......0.. 221 
urinary secretion ..... 


eee 


eereees 


Dewberry root..........+- 138 
Diaphoretics ..... S wapaier eo 
Digitalis... .<- sek esa na dete Oe 
ITU cle brershale e.g b 6 cise si siniaie einer 
Dilute acetic acid......... 23 

hydrochloric acid,.... 24 

hydrocyanic acid...... 24 

WICLIC ACA Sew a's ea os 5 ol a 

Sulphuric acids:.225.. | 27 
ILOSCOLES... acescee ee Tele ta eh Oe 
DIOSUA./. « sinaseoesen'ees pear a 
DTOSPYFOHs. © cle 0.5.01 waseiae lt AO 
Distilled vinegar.......... 21 
DDG at o/rg aecigietomssmae STOO 
Diuretics...... 51+) Ca EEL 19 
AUC TOOUsasmeete vines ese. LAO 
DOGWOOG sencicedesiocesis sas 54 
Dog’s bane...... Reis aisle een one 
Dog’s tooth violet......... 68 
Domestic measures......-. 6 
DTACOMINUIL. s seinrince cas ge, OS 


rare) 





DYAGON TOOt.'s se aia)s os00 0 40 
DWICHIMETH sacle s't'0is 5 susissrn as 
LEY OR SISAULON dais s.51n acho Gece 
DYSPNWMA. ...cevcccesscees 
Kk. 
APUG ee tiara loe se Sun cate si 


HLaGeriOls yielded sss 0\4'0/8+<is 
Elecampane...s'.< 0.0035. 
Hliminatives..... Bis eles cuca 
LEIP OL VAtLIOl s ccs o:02 sere 
INCL ofetlerales sta eet eld'e's 
Emplastrum ammoniaci... 
ASSALOtId&....2.ceeees 
pbelladonn#........ 245 
cantharidis .......... 
PODVT «sco cate dla ek 45 Sie 56 
galbani compositum .. 

hy Crave yal ace dosiac, 

. OPii....e0- ecto taanat 
picis Burgundice..... 
picis cum cantharide.. 
plumbi ...... sseesees 
resing, eee eee ees eseere 
SAPOWIS... seca nern 08 
Epigwa repens.,......2.0.. 
Wr gOtal ce a wa ele ela aaieiauasinere 
HYi geri: Tecasdeuies snes > + 
BLY MSlOMloee a eta eck dass «ers 
Ery throm cece 4 ebisais' «1s 
Ethiops mineral........0. 


PTI OMY TAG Seale cium # bec eicrea:e 


PUPAtOVIUIM ea» op oicis acess se 
BL PHGL DIG sas muelhls cote oe acl 
Excessive irritability...... 
reflex action.......... 
SOL LAMOM tels's's'b cc's 'a,04,¢ 
sensibility. .......... 
COMIC dss veces cs S 
voluntary motion..... 
Excess of albumen........ 
DRUEY Scare lets se stereos. c+ 
red particles.........- 
Expectorants.........+..-- 


Expectoration ...eseese.-- 2 


DXUPAetShawales ain sicdavislatei<:s 
Extractum aconiti,........ 


254 


Extractum aconiti aleoholi- 


CUTIE ec ic ale, Siete aemrerane 
belladonne.:.......0. 69 
cannabis indies ...... 69 
CONG RON 2. Bo oa eu a nm 69 
colchici aceticum...... 70 
colocynthidis composi- 
CULE tre icon ee Sania naaa 
WOW ce tse awe oh sie Ale 


cubebee fluidum. ba RE 1) 
MON ANT Foe e's scsi p mel ae 
SIYCVITHIZ . . co euieiee 
HeMaAloxyll 5 som deme oe 
hyggcyami .. snsceweec el 
JAAD Rss selec snes seam . 1 
JUSIANGIS Foo ocalciseny 7k 
RPAIDOT COs soc ic «one td 
nucis vomic#®......... 72 
piperis fluidum........ 72 
podophylli............ 72 


CQUASEIEC ce stelle aig's asin io ip 72 
THGRGG selewiste cisitigieweie Ne 
rhei fiuidum Bis Week aie 8 wie 72 


sarsaparille fluidum,.. 72 
SATZ® .esecsececeoneee 72 


BULA TOs orn x icin ata ita 

senné fluidum........ 73 

spigelice et senn fluid- 
RDU tle pin retateur nts eile ae 


PAPO b:6 he eaten cis pees ie 
valerian fluidum.... 73 


F. 


False sarsaparilla. a fecleieuk atk 15) 
MHICOLA, Dante cr on0.000.. 81 
Farinaceous medicines.... 190 


HalHOOV IMUM. «04 6 ache cece vis 
HUGTVROL 0 9 6's ecscm'p oie eee eats Rota k 
MOUENCITASs sess 2c oe aetacame de: 


et potassee tartras..... 76 
et QUINIZ CitTas. 6... ee 040 


ferrocyanuretum...... 74 
TOMPOUIN cps mccain oe) ee 
iodidi solution..... we eee 
ACTER eva vies preveie ating nh’ 153 


‘oxidum hydratum. 65) 
PROSPRAS 50 nnscencigne $0 
PUMA OIESE 2. (esas 'o 03, ¢ 0's) 08 4 76 


INDEX. 


Ferri subcarbonas......... 76 

sulphas ...+.++ Ames 76 
POEUN oso ewes Bisse: axe 

ammoniatum: re pit ove 74 
Fever bush...... Ne vetare dase te 40 

HOOG et siee to ese. 9's.4.0;910 170 
J ETO LESS oa Aa es APSR hy 
MOSM lave (a's 6s c-0ii miele aibly 77 
HGWWOEE | s 0'ce woccceccesiems 240 
AGEN fess oc oie a.c0 bees pa 4 
Fixed oils and fats....... . 191 
MARCO tclec s ccies cecenes LOL 


SDUIE ATIC cleccrereise ewe asia ovis! LOM 
HlNid: CXtPAClSs os. cena eee LUG 
MABIMCTIMM © stele aeceesec seal CT 


Foxglove..... 2859) Sree epee AIRE oh 
WUGABSET thastaics oeteinae te sire Fepeny )4 
G. 


Gelpanum . coh os cele cinenss Dei 
(ah tea Reo ae okie dethen. ite 
Gallictine: ] Sol tees axe ee 
GaINGACHts oh cae oe peeks BLO 


GaALises cess petites! seene StS 
Gamibosia es cee stoeiectecs 270 
Garden lettuce....... Seti ue 
(ZATIIC Mic 4) cdo te aie ls aie wets eure). LO 
Gases ares caneWin te cum eae onal. kod 
LAA UITHSL aac eas Oem sss’ Wecw est 


Gelsémintiiciscase-cccea 15 
GentidMie si sssriedcepecee TO 
GerAniUMMy vip ciate sajecesnep 00 
German chamomile....... 
PRO ee ac coe aimethetdoam nD 
GIITCNIAS c.g. nis nips aene aes 
GUND EPA Cont vicina a eait see nia nl 
IENSGH Gy Joc nle tia e aie Seni a. 0 02. LOO 


Glauber’s salts............ 145 
Glyeerina oo... web smn ses OUT 
GY CYTTHIZA oo see ener eee, SO 
Gnaphalium...... ale ciace! aia 80 
GOL OES spate 4yzib ore ¢,'< SE ee) 
Goldthredd ic .< isn nekas (De 


GOlGEN POG 5 sys ciesias.cins sisi, LO 
GOOS8C-ZTASS......ccancercne. 7S 
Gossypium..... set ahisibioce ace: 5 EO 
Goulard’s cerate...-...... 46 


INDEX. 


GLANCE 50:0 05550 2's’ ed 80 
GUAIACI S00 tne a etal aie on tse 80 
Gum ammoniac........... 3l 
Gain arabic cores seine. 20 


H, 


Hamamelis..’. 627 aeeeeels oy OL 
Hamatics! ccs cane wees? ec B YS 


Hematoxylum........ gem OL | 


Hardnachss cacy cre eas 4 ove SLT 
Head symptoms ...... sraresng ED 
Heal-anie. oc 2: sie\eueleseespicnd € 
Hedeoma..... Se alaiesasase a alee Oe 
HIGLEBOLUS fe can dcemmatieten Oe 
FVOLOUTUSs she ke deicle eetasinicieg Oe 
FLOND AN Os alae cca mee ave cue et) OO 
IPS DEUCA se eines ate sais sea oi 
Heracleum 13... ce acemese ) Oe 
Hen CHeLAl vise. sre ois wma. die aoc 
Hoffman’s anodyne........ 147 
HIONGCY>)- «piss ategiacise seiees sa 109 


TODS, satan poe, MN tA esp ecndiiat o 
Horse-ta.dist vs cae camencck OF 
HLOPSO WECCic ash nalowie a oreinne O10 
LOPSE Mb e a coir anree acccecee Lobes 
RUINS. = cateeen temas. woe 
HY ATanS68 soo. wo eumecse, OL 
Hydrargyri chloridum cor-. 
TOSLV UIA; 2s chotswne cick 
chloridum mite....... 83 
FOAIGUM, <2 2 ccce 6 serene 
jodidumrubrum,..... 84 
oxydum nigrum..... . 84 


sulphuretum nigrum... 84 
sulphuretum rubrum... 85 
sulphas flayus....... - 89 
Hydrargyrum ammonia- 
LT a in\eler's o s/bie 6 oisieiaties OO 
CUM CTClA.....esee-ee 85 
cum magnesia ....... «. 9O 
nitrico oxydum....... 85 
oxydum rubrum...... 86 
PVAPasIS.cases co tees os s6 7 (OR 


Hydrochlorate of ammonia 3 
HYOStyamus .......22.00. 86 
Hyperemesis eeesaee 240 
Hypericum... .....°. sonar. OG 


255, 

1. 
Tceland mOss,.......%. PRS ak ic: 
Tehthyceblla esc... 5. CO 
Tae aie atte tans a's. c\o) S.e:s 5 spans 87 
Imfatiens....... salad eae at 
Indian hemp... 3.25 dala, ues 


PHYSIC Uaciecle's cae aeeal™ bo 
VIER Drs ie av ei tial sole ea: dcie 
Thebriantsics senele esse cedce 
Infusions...... Balls indoor we 
Infusum angusture....... 87 


ANCMEMIGIS,.. 00 cccasee Ot 
AYMOTACIB. <<. cesececes OO 
DUCD ee eRe ose BO 


caryophylli.......s00. 89 
CASCATILA (sv os) malar ers 
catechu compositam,.. 89 
cinchonz cum limonum 
CINCH OWE soa blox adesie. . OO 


COLUM ivtescccice. tree” SO 
Cigitalisee ccs « cosarawie, OO 
CUPAlOFil. G2 eda ceaen OU 
gentiane compositum. 91 


HUMIRA Sie cep ean 
KraMerid™. vii vice'ee's 08 
Hint se he Vets eette aufese-e 
pruni Virginiane..... 91 
CQURSSICARS Seuss e's «0 
THOM As eece pie ceaces Oe 


rose gallicum.s....... 93 
SareapaPrilie .cFsc.ece, 95 
BON ese eee eekaiemas. Oo 
serpentaria......2.... 94 
SPIGelinc sess gevescecs I 
TAWACI  cicaeetaewes ac. OF 
TMi tsscsteewterpes Oe 
valerian2 ..... Mutane OF 
Inorganic products........ 182 
Dae ett ets Gin voles. OE 
JOdIdGS Of WOM esse tcc ede, C4 
MOLCULY sits cea eee beka OF 
potassuimesty2e27). 12° 135 
SVG coticge cats ansc e's 36 
BULPMUtoceeees fs egsiae LOL 


WMG este newacvecsaccees LOO 
Jodo-hydrargyrate of potas- 
MLUiiee she ence tse es 


256 


Todine...... 


Miele etepladin eae oD 


Ipecacuanha.......eese0-. 95 
NYUS Ic a's ieee cietec owls oe ieee OO 
Teiah WOR Pees so se eae Sets 49 
Tron HUN OB: oe o/s tile es were 76 
ron Seaethes ees a aee (6) 
USM IAB SES h.6 cals 0'c stem 6 ole 86 
J. 
LAD ja e's po, 2 in! com beans eiite OD 
JTUSTAHS eins soe s bain 'sientnie tO 
JUNIPETUS ...... eee eeeae OO 
K. 
Kalniialatitona, >... cease Or 
ECO. Uiid's sce eua len oedema 
KOQO808 Pisce sehen aa ceees 0 OS 
KTAMOMAGs vceesreeabe se.) OF 
L. 
Lac sulphuris rae all A Cia ag 151 
actate OF 1rOMis. cas wes ac Viale 
Pactuca Sativa. <cccesces ss 98 
TACURCATIUIA. ocs'e'c'esle bass (DT 
Ladies’ slipper............ 68 
UDA oe ios wet clelens oes sie 100 
Lavandula...... SS Fe ols 
Lavender flowers......... 98 
MAIO «|< ajak tases ge 'e' oie brs y sires Le 
MNOS esle a ge ces epinnines «5.008 
Leopard’s bane............ 3 
Leontice thalictroides...... 98 
Leptandra Virginica....... 98 
DIBEEUCE; cisco cciee sc ee es toes san OO 
Liatris spicata........ce0. 98 
Life-everlasting........22. 80 
Lignin and its derivatives. 159 
SIMO sic soe c/éis cere ee aan ee 12 
TPATROMOS secs cas ecpcdscess OS 
BUCCON cs cccccctsacgcs 00 
Linimentum ammoniez.... 99 
AUIS ones eb ed ce ces bem NO 
eLLATNOOT ctu. s «es 6 c/n eles 99 
camphorecompositum 99 
cantharidis........... 100 


INDEX. 


Linimentum  hydrargyri 
compositum......... 
OPlls cece tee ees ws eisisin%e 100 
saponis camphoratum. 100 
tADACLiaiiste Ges wieloe ec’ - 100 
terebinthine ......... 100 
TAURI awiceet, «sos feiss eae fl OL 
DiMiaeeeees soc le vece ens 216 
Liquor aluminis compositus 101 
MmmOnie 1.6... sees oo Os 
‘ammoniez acetatis..... 101 
arsenici et hydrargyri 
IOUIGI a ee iee be deta) Oe 
Wariichloridiy.c 2c .. 102 
calcii chloridi......... 103 
COIBISy ows te nieleinialeioyets - Oe 
jodinii compositus.... 103 
Labarraquii chloro-so- 
CLIGUS, Siowiet ae be ote s wie el, 
magnesi& citratis..... 104 
morphic acetatis 104 
morphiz sulphatis.... 105 
plumbi subacetatis.... 105 
POUABHES Ss 6 Seebia eto Grerers oie 
potassez arsenitis,..... 
potassee carbonatis.... 
potasse citratis....... 
sodee chlorinate...... 
TAQ ROTICES ie cies eis eee ctaele 
Liriodenaronis ¢.ase.0s (cle 
LIVeCrworte ce ccescsvc ccs 
AiODGLU Ay eis Git tee siete oy cls'arere 
Local anzestheties......... 
Logwood.......... tea Btplarenaty 
Long pepper......eceesone 
Tay COPUB SLs pa crete eielh stein oleic = 


° 
eo 
o 


M. 


NRCG coke sie eniaia § vie wisia's «ia 
DMA OTICSI Only «eo sn swie's soma ale 
Magnesi# carbonas ....... 

read b 6) 0) PRP Ue curse en i 
AON OLA con ielors aie wesieiele siply en 
MGIC TOT iH. c's 's c's'e sss aipieihians 
UMS cue cis nels e's selenite miele 
Manganesii oxidum....... 108 
MGA ces cena testa tees LUO 


MaAraniay f4i5-3 ho sadist ended 
Marygold...ccciicoecccasee 
IVER TT UDUTIIN, Nefeies aed pitisiairere.s 
Marsh rosemary...ecesee- 
Masterwort........ 
Mastiche . ....0seimmemere 
Materia medica.........13, 
MaAtiCO..'scieidceis mele semen 
Matricaria:< je tis eines eit 
May weeds ws os ss'ncceeistanans 
Medicated waters. ........ 
WIC: 5,5 0p pipiaidcnie als 
Olacaacaee 
despumatum.......-+. 
TOSLeevcevcccsspscecses 
MGIISSS.<. + aia alc lb wel ete asaiae 
Mentha piperita........... 
VTL GIS. is siarem icine. Seams 
Menyanthes.<c.c60 asians soe 
Mercury with chalk ...... 
With magnesia........ 
Metallic elements......se0- 
Mezereon bark..cececseces 
MEZETOUIN, ..c:d'a,cr6) ae olaseisieres 
IMETMOLL «,  ayaiadeeinldinals:ea’eieetels 
‘Mistura ammoniaci....... 
amygdale .... seseoe. 
assafcetid 2s... <2 sceee's 


sonee e@ooseeesanen 


ferri composita. ...... 

glycyrrhize composita 
BLOAT GS cg oak vp eaisiaiatela tare 
MOTDNIA ces essed bAR ea eEEDS 
Morphiz acetas....-seccce 

INTE S.s.o ice ipltcin ob sis 

SILL PHAS o:o. 2.0 aieleme siieie 
Moschus,.... 
Mountain laurel.......... 
Mucilago acaci@....,.... 

tragacanth@.......se 
DVUELCUNG ain) po niece pialaisio’s ooretuik 
Mullein....... 
Murias ammoniz...... 
DVEMIGIK svar atacpia at ahs varwtar eeeia 
Mustard: 80¢di.'s:ecie sch 3 da ¢ 
MY TISTICH..  nin:ctvle'e’sisiaioinivis's 
bul ig og 1 ae ay toy Mec ey 


INDEX. 


N. 


Naphtha.... ee Sie mate eae: 


DF 


ANDECOLICR  caate ara orcas < jelsies 
Neck symptoms Scalise 
INONMTOUICS: sf c'c a5 «.¢0b0 Sala 
Neutral organic principles. 
New Jersey tea... os.cccpe 
Nitric acid..... Swain dele wy 
INIETOUS ACiGsjs5 ocn oc. ccep es 
Nitrate of silver........6. 
Nitric oxide of mercury... 
Nitro-muriatic acid........ 
Non-metallic elements .... 


eeere 


NUtMCZS cseinewncvsccepece t 


NuxX VOMICa.......ceccees 


0. 


Oil of horsemint.......... 
ORTON, pivots ates carers piieve 
OPLAMy egy waisibts Ssials e's 
OTIZADUM. sec cwccscas 
WOrmMseed...eecercees 

Oleum amygdale......... 
ANISH. is ca Vihiokwies eee 
PEthOY CUM wwips.e's psinisicie 
CajTPUL. » dae siineeteere 
CATH c ciscaleecina a eis aihless 
CaryOphyill cee cet oie 


192 
45 


chenopodii.... sesoee. ALG 


cinnamomi,.... ssaree 
COPA 23 csilinintaale slelacciats 
CTD ODA: sie0ire pein aubiece 
FPENICULL dia.c'n aos dang 

AULD OTT B3 so: dcaivete ple ein te 

CACAO ES « acieicns vives 
JUDIPCrh. se cecericcee se 
lavandul#2 eoeeesseres 
JUDY oo cose de Sake ead wine 
menthe piperite ..... 
menthe viridis. ...... 
MMONATA Beg ones sinie sie 
MOIMPNU 65's siecle cage 
TDY.VASTIC. 2c wicsie bana 
LEV ED. cic Sala tleleleie-w elope 
OCIS AM Ges ta tls wave. © 
PUN ORT eos icles meisie sre 
PICUUT, ohelin' sc aleaneeiiaelene 


116 
116 
116 
116 
117 
117 
117 
117 
117 
117 
117 
117 
118 
118 
118 
118 
118 
119 


258 


Oleum rosmarini.......... 
SA DING ccs cues 
BASSHIEEE Gc ce's's scene 
BUCCI Se se eds wee 
succini oxidum........ 
terebinthinz......... ; 
BIGHT wee cite ess yes Locies 
valeriang...... area tre 

OMOU oS ioe dee cc cacti eee 

ODL ED Se eee tet es femme 
BONLCCHION o:5\0,6 Scrcianene 

Orange peel... ... .saeee ee 

Organic products.......... 

OVI ZR WUD. seas <5:e eemenats 

Orobanche Virginiana..... 

Orrist eae oes 

Oxide..of silver. i. ..:0.. sida 


FITC ewe o 6 atiaints accent 


OX gall. 5 Fe whidenesieeamen 


Oxymel scills...seeuve ds 
Oyster shells.,.....s++--++ 
BP; 
Pain as symptom.......... 
IP EMAS, <.6.5's\s.edew tain eeeena 
PSDB VOL s sa 0m oie Lele aie ols arate 
SP OIED, W545 Nee estvelorosorciais Seg 
Parthenium............ os 


Partridge berry........... 
Pathology and therapeutics 
POO NV TOV ies pwwiesinceas s 
POP PELMING cs sice cic vwcleciele 
Percussion of chest........ 
SPOTSIM MON. 5 vs'te sve Beis 
Pétroselinum........2.sc005 
POtCOLO UI ¢ sc ds sic eee es 
Perverted secretion.. 

BODISIOLIILY;<0iaislerejeelsala's 

voluntary motion..... 
Peruvian balsam.......... 


Pharmaceutical arrange- 
TOUS abit abieihie siv'o oo 4 


Phosphas sode........ 124, 


Phos shate of ammonia.... 
i SPS Ca ncic bad o ie bibise bret 
Phosphorus. cee 


INDEX. 


119 
119 
119 
120 
120 


182 


32 
76 
12 


Physiognomical rngz,..... 215 
Physiological symptoms... 219 
Phytolacc2....cseeevivese. 124 
Pileworts. + ¢.0ip seceiaesie shea d42 
WALI Si iieieieia seeeh advo eeeee eco 
Pilule, aloes svire sie. .icde ce 125 
aloes composite ...... 125 
aloes cum zingibere. .. 
assafoetidee. 
calomelanos et opii. 123,126 
cathartice composite.. 126 
COMPAL 655% .06.0005 2 126 
digitalis et scille ..... 126 
FELIS esterase huis 125 
ferri carbonatis........ 
ferri composite..... oe)-2.26. 
ferrijodidingssees Jn. 
ferri sulphatis........ 
galbani composite.... 127 
hydrargyri....... eee 
hydrargyri chloridi 
Mitigs 13 Sesletled Soe Lae 
OP icc dewa ue oveneeceenae 
opii assafeetida ....... 125 
opii et myrrha........ 125 
quiniz sulphatis...... 128 
rhei composite..... sh 27 
saponis compositz.... 128 
SCI bens Sureeseeee st 128 
Pimentassjuthese es ace «le oa. 128 
Pink TOOb wet igmisile eh oes 140 
Piper longumis see ssicc%.i0s 128 
Piper nigrum...... hesmee teoo 
PipsisS@Wa....eccsscescers 48 
Piteh: icesesee ces amankees 29 


eevceee eee 


eeecenes 


Pixs Awebaciaasmdacamess aa 29 
Burgundica........... 129 
Canadensisieaes oss. el 29 
diguidan cee otst. bree 129 

Plantago major........... 129 

PlCurisyeTOOtak vais dcax Sela 38 

PUM Acetas cies <sies ote 129 
carbonas..... ees eae pt 0) 

Podophyllum peltatum.... 130 

Poisons and antidotes..... ea 

Polygala rubella.......... 130 

Pomegranate............+. 80 

Popylus tremuloides...... 130 


INDEX. 


POLAR Tes a0 s0'e 6 5\s'<.e% welsia eh LOW) 
Potassee acetas.........5+- 131 
bicarbonas .......2.... 131 
bitartras...syeas aa soe? LSE 
CATDONAS:. caarsaaln teas LOL 
chlorassacca sas gdeasisiae Los 
TOT AS ars: wie debe tisiel eieterares oe 
SULPN AS: sola eisiasites ical Low 


TAPLT AS. oy aelate alaje cela Low 
Potassii bromidum........ 133 
ferrocyanuretum...... 133 
LOCIA WUE S 0, ad is. otaysrdein ee boo 
sulphuretum.......... 133 
Potato Viewcie ce deissnaviciete - 40 
OW G6LS 5.4) 00s'e dons Ute aaa) 


Precipitated carbonate of 
SULPHUTS wed ced wardens LOL 
ARG. wicca & jaisianigisscieaat LOO 
Prenanthes.......ssee00+. 133 
Preparations of earths.... 184 
ODIs sense emia senieiean 202 
Prepared calamine........ 41 
CRANE. isle ore stala aids o ajatauai, ON) 
Prickly ash. ..é...2.+.+30,479 

Primary elements of dis- 
CASON sisiaiaie els ctetere di a DOL 
IPPIN OS. cietela;e ois a0 nicsreinapieae Loe 
Properties of muscular fiber 231 

Protein and similar princi- 
PLAS sixrs 0a sie. gaeie eapihie LOD 
PIU  siacaiah oainines sieaig Ow 
Prunus Virginiane....... 133 
Prussian blue........... Ke 74 
PTUSSIC BCIG s.515,9 < einieielene sels 24 
Pulvis aloes cum canella.. 134 
aromaticus............ 134 
ipecacuanhe et opii 123, 135 
jalapez compositus.... 135 
rhei compositus....... 135 


BOUIN icles ik widte ab etd bidet: ken 

PY Tet ru W) 66i0i6.6:4/0i5 bisa pees l LOUD 
Q. 

QUuassid.... ceed Padeeceibaos 107 

Queen’s T00t......2+-+e4-4 150 

PRCTONE sre: SP ee ssite Kistela dace 136 


CAIN TA boo eic ls oi thelpttte aur aks 
Quiniw# murias..........+. 
SUIPNASss.0/k. « olsseis\s aieleis 
VAlOrIaAN aS as tsue case 


R. 


SBI ST Seer ulate aieiels stork ne sre ska 
IRADUNCUIES Slave aie. sce oxale 
Red saunders wood......+. 

COMBI cialsein es okt wintery 

ClOV Olea cia's aici dacielare 

iodide of mercury.... 

oxide of mercury..... 

precipitate. ......2.... 
ROSiNSis occ aemane ns eo uneete 
Resinscerate c.yes vasa ne. 
Teal iaes Agr dettsenatt 
espiratory changes in 

WOR eee ecw aac 
Restoratives.cescccsccccse 
RBAMNT ss bs Spa wis oe stalaete 
RUD GUAT 5c was derale boaleiareoaiatare 
TD Cla iso eiiers cwlgieisuste’ situ eae 
RD CUM.'s «oes acolo ale 
RbEUDALDAWANG J a vets cae sicieia 
Rhus SlaDTUM. 6... cseesieiere 
Rice.,..s ese ‘aks “a}s) a: pvecaravel aieVelath a 
Rochellesalts <<. cess es cers 
ROO OL Madd erc.'s vic: o.c vais 
ROSA as octet dale albideciainle doe. aie 


= 


VOSS: TLON GY. vie'a, 4 e:aie'e s/s! mat bl 


CEA IS eS elaine aietdias cine 
AROSHMBTY. 4 i ecw'cin'e s.010'e bs.a.phe 
FLOSULG PINUS sc owed olatacieiaie 
FRULDA steers aiecaarterkss Sivintcis) aa 
Rubus irivialis villosus.. 
Rules to proportion the 

COS pias croeleee doe = ae 
RO MOXi af oe ae elaleheey ta slp 
TRUCE fo coca ered speaies etches suuere 


8. 


Sabadilars.caivece ve oe Salsion 
Sabbatia....... 3b dates aial ane 4 
BADIN Acai apa ciate 6 sihaweiecae 
DACCHALUIN cuss ciceee escden 


260 


Saccharum lactis...... Paes 
FMATONS ¢ aves boli oot ow eee 
Sagapenum’ 23s sss e 
BAO ss tetera t's oes ES re 
ACOs ca sles so sicie 6 7 s/o en eres 
SAVAMMOnNiAc soicecsee cee 
Alea eee us cee wales 
Saux cortex sss 343 se 
Badwiaeee csc d esas sec eeee 
Sambucuss.2% 5. See See 
PAU SWINATIAS. p50 0b8e set © 
Hantalumr ss\s'b a eseee sean ee 
Pantomiw ceili. Ls wees 
SA DO.P resins sic'ss wewiec eee ee 
Sarsaparilla ic. see deween 
PASSRITAS 5 £55 °.4.'."s'e p's eee 
Savine cerate:s ss soe s's clos 6 
1eAVOBiSs sce 8 Soule ws 
SCAMMONYs. 2's 0.26 \.0 owas ee 
Soamnionidini dst wee... 
Scillats ige5 334 SeFees baee ge 
BCOparius.t stiesteee ss oe. « 
Scrophularia nodosa ...... 
Scutellaria laterifolia...... 
Scurvy-2rasseco Vek. se 4 
Secondary elements of dis- 
easeres cPsas Pease 
Hetlativesssssiseviaevedees 
Senecio aurens.......ce00, 
Renena. es 284224 ew eae te tle 
TOOLLAL ESS AEG etasen’s 
Senna leaves.....cecsecess 
Peni foliag ds saedee kee. 
Serpentaris radix......... 
MeKAMUMIss S248 Fs oe. oes 
Sesquicarbonate of ammo- 
TUL is we Saas Gc ee ete ts 
BOWAs cece st cnee eters: 
SOM s ts 5-5 oa ee eee eas 
Dlg ALOPMES Ae. sides eae cies 
Biliseweediee. soos 8 Saeed. 
PMO RAMs set aba a beeeee C 
Simaruba Risibie a Gets eek ele letelees 


LULGaG cies we Sa 5 bs ke cela’. 
Skunk cabbage.. Lylgd gatele ee 
SHakeroobces eos ses oss 


DOA Dan raw dass bie Geese les 


INDEX. 


139 | Soap cerate...cecestseeeee 47 

56 | Soda acetas.............. 144 
139 bicarbonas......e..2.. 144 
140 POTAS ss ahecteapeteiesls 6 . 144 
139 carbonas......... woes. 144 

31 et potasse tartras..... 145 
139 phosphas...... batrele aD 
139 sulphas...... Pecgeewe Le0 


140 | Sodii chloridum .......... 146 
B40 | SOUPMAOC: o 6 .'o's cece bee dees L468 
140 | Solomon’s seal ........... 54 
140 | Solutio acetatis zinci...... 146 
140 | Solution of acetate of zinc. 146 
141 tartarized antimony... 146 
14f ) Solvents. .siheeite ees. | 16 
241 | SOporifics. js Pie. Scenes LT 
47 Spearmint seis aries tele e 110 
139 | Spanish white wine or 
141 SHCITys esse sssceee ce LO 
141 | Spermaceti......c....e002. 48 
141 | Spice-bush..... sibecevese. 40 
142 | Spider’s web..........--, 650 
1421] Spigelia. caves carsieueeeees 246 
4149) Bpirwa si eedcsecseiaweee ee 147 
52 | Spirit of nitric ether ...... 147 
Spirits or essences......... 209 
243 | Spiritus etheris nitrici.... 147 


17 zetheris sulphuricicom- 
142 POSILUSEe. cs eeicse en LST 
142 BMMONIB 64640006 oo se 147 
142 ammoniz aromaticus.. 147 
143 ammoniz fetidus..... 148 
143 camphoratus. rst go) 
143 juniperi compositus... 148 
143 lavandule .J....22.6.. 148 
lavandule compositus 148 
31 menthe piperite...... 148 
145 menthe pulegii....... 149 
148 menthe viridis....... 149 
18 TAYVTISHEB ees cee. 149 
38 pimente...... want eet . 149 
12 pyroxilicus,.......... 149 
143 rosmarina, ....¢ Ae Recher 249 
47 CONTIIOL Folew a eles cp seek 28 
144 vini gallici........ sy eee 8) 
634 Bpongias sessed Saale Obra . 149 
143 | Spongie uste.... $....... 149 


441 Wepurgen: 4 ees ehe Sewer e9 


INDEX. 261 


Spurred TVE's shew dacs pe Syrupus Del Sess oot deca coe 


Squilliss ci eeeeeases & Rae rhei aromaticus....... 154- 
Stanni pulvis. S256 ets <0 160 sarsaparille composi- 

Startle... sh. cates eelstear OF PUSS eases 0.5) ¢iniee's sien Oe 
Star-gTass.: ss Seiraniese + <i, 29 SONECLO i. ss evees cana LOO 
Starworti: cosets cme ae OL SOMME was eee vis vce sett LOO 
Btatice..<20siee Avoeieeny LOO SIMPLER ies se catvaces LOZ 
Stillingianuneseueclsteaee LOO BEM seas seiceses saloo 
Btimnlante ssc vete css « eee LO scille compositus...... 156 
SUOTAR Sd ctosasvgn aces cee tOr tolutanUsinsss% .200e00. L060 


Siramonilsessscen ses secwsa Lae zingiberis......4...... 156 
Strychnlan sent seehiiesecee LOGUE 
Strychnos nux vomica.... 150 T. 
lematiana.} chr sleieoe LOO 
SEV TREK eee sista sais cine wise LOL: |) DQ DACUYalmen yaa crete oust 157 
Mi JOHUSWoOrte ose cee es OO | Tag alder. oncene ree ac conic) 10 
Sublimed sulphur......... 151 | Tamarind water.......... 186 
SuccinUmMy cco 4 eee accavect LOL | Tamanimdusssdss sermicn eso LO 
Siete siscsssds desseses. 143°) Tanacettimian acciecn tees hous 
SOBA He deh eis ss ccsteces’ 190 | Tannio@eidiee sues asiecek oe 
Sulphate of bebeerin...... 39 | Tansyus vee s ouleee der edare na ee 
COPPOL as oc acsescsacat. OF | Taplocar enw entscuveskatme lan 
TVOiN ae ses eceneoeoaeeeos 76 Par. 22 Os0 ceed e@eoeeneooeene 129 
SOGas aces seclctes cclemvanl ED Waters Syeimedisss saseeunoo 
TINGS a s\oiweleaeseag eases) LOO | DaTtaremoOticus. csieucasoe oy oo 
Sulphuric acid............ 26) Tartaric acid...... Nesiatmarve ns ade 
ether ...- ceececeeeees 25] Tartrate of iron and po- 
Sulphur precipitatum..... 151 CASS Sees ese batteles 10 
sublimatum’....ic0... Lol) Taraxacunin, icc shee. awe LOL 
Sulphurisiodidum........ 151 | Testa... ..csesceeccesess 158 
SUMACH Vecwecicieiicsccccess Lot | Thorongshwort .c.seeussses — OS 
Sweet fern..........--.-.. 51 | Throatsymptoms......... 217 
Sweet arcs cece esceces 2h | Di Moree ee Coase sda barlou 
spirits of niter........ 147 | Tinctura aconiti foliorum.. 158 
Symphytum............. 152 aconiti radicis........ 158 
Symptomatology.......... 214 BLOGS Soviere cece vases sie LOO 
Symptoms of genital organs 218 aloes et myrrhe...... 158 
extremities........... 219 ALMICH cececisssesvesse LOO 
SYTUPS wees se «isle Setela piste RANE assafetida. .....-.... 159 
Syrupus acacize......---2. 152 belladonne........... 159 
ACOA. cesisisinciincvee ds LOG benzoini composite... 159 
Ait Warslelealeysese sled cise LOO DUCH UW sve cacis cas siete LOO 
amygdalw............ 153 CAMPHOTH) ccc ceccese 159 
AULA bl ates sass Woes ase LOS cannabis indice...... 160 
ipecacuanhe......... 154 cantharidis....se..0.. 160 
kramerix ...........- 1l54 CAPSICL Uccadewonseces LOO 
Wimonud wy... 5h. c.5.66 154 cardamomi........... 160 
pruni giniane®..... 155 cardamomi composita. 16 


262 


Tinctura castorei.......... 
CALCCHU 5 cai.s to .cte nerale minis 
cinchone....... mistanetd is 
cinchone composita... 
CIUDAMOMA. . .'s «sie je on’ 
cinnamomi composita. 
COLEDIGE. re s.< <= separa 
colchici composita.... 
COLODED Ossian sic. sisten on SAE 
(CODIU (6 eve. « otebierena rein 
CUDSD eS. o's s «cine aabek 
digitalis..... aia sis\ato ine 
ferri chloridi........ oe 
PALL, aes i wieiese ee Mame 
galle aromaticus. .... 
gentianz composite.. 


SUWATACL se o aniow aye Sorted 


guaiaci ammoniata.... 
helleborts cc's). seat cies 
Tram nics ¢ sein ttereet 


hyoscyami. Noa eiers:<’s seule 


LOOM Mosler aah pasos ‘ 
iodinii composita ..... 
jalape..... SHA Ge 
KIN Ovw sigs vin gap Wiese on 
lobeli# ....... SSSR Ce 
AN VIVES). cause aie oases 
olei menthe piperite.. 
opii.. sheloe ea ame ca, 
opii acetata. Seine’ 123, 


opil camphorata... 123, 


GUGESIL,. 5 ames: bicte a Nie 
ISTO eta seo Vaceicus sie oeie pie 
-rhei et aloes.........% 
rhei et gentiane...... 
rhei et senn&......... 
Sanguinari®@........6 
saponis camphorata... 
GCL NCO Se ole ead ala Rides p we 
senne et jalapx...... 


serpentariz...- see. 1 


BUratON. oe ce cee ua 6 
TOULERIL» > « oe tia casecec 
valeriana........ AAA 
-valerianze ammoniati.. 
-wingiberis.... ...-seece 
SPEMGIMVGS, Gdns G-cliesels ceases « 
PCM Risso, sik ath ay, s, cies 





INDEX, 


161 
161 
161 
161 
162 
162 
162 
162 
162 
162 
163 
163 


Tonics and astringents..... 


TOUT CS.:s essing a eee eats s\n: 6 ase 
PODICIEYs', ba eiaeitle | eile anisole) or. 
"ROOtHACHE LTC, «+0 os ce cess OO 
TOTMENIINA ... a, «0 oe aeeie mL Oo 
Touch-me-not...... 3 eietniateis Hubows 
TEOMIGOUCNATON.,..oocsevcee AIO 
TeAPACA DLE... 20 cecsecieas ) LEO 
Trailing arbutus..... seemed 
BERT ON LACT; eins w= =), 0.0.4 ese aseteeae) 
BE ULLTTL TY ce lone yb eco ioiaie waiensieelicl 
RPIOSLOUTI o's sos. 6104.0 sie bee sone HAD 
Trisnitrate of bismuth .... 40 
Prochise] ACACIR. ccccseees L110 

VOTES occ eraniaiisi els eleaimcy) WAKE 

glycyrrhize et opii.123,'171 

ipecacuanhée ......... ‘171 

WIBSUCEL vie are opis cinid o eal 


menthe piperitz ..... 171 
morphize et ipecacu- 
AND. seccane pee Myer ly af 
Tulip tree bark... sscceasiss) LOU 
Turkey corn........ ao sippied 0 
Purmerics..,«cisesseeuep aie AG OE sy 
Turner’s Cerate.....-seceee 46 
Turpeth mineral..... I as" 
TU SS11B20, as oie aunselermnsietereieaw es 
U. 
TRONUS iss aces sees 6 a5 Apeegean lp? 
Unguentum antimonii..... 172 
aque TOS2....... ce ae org 
Pelladonns Viesecan Lio 
GADENATIGIB Jc scncse0 Lis 
iy CLEABOEL fee see bie S Saanich TO 
cupri subacetis........ 1735 
PITS cit et cee Scene Ape 
DYVOrALL YT. . a. 5.5 io 


hydrargyri nitratis. .. 173 
hydrargyri oxidi rubri 173 
TOUU oy 5 sees git acn ea teel 


POUT Len ta nue Siavelgielsieeas se 173 
iodinii compositum.. . 173. 
mezerel co. pasts 174 
picis Hamid. Me... 174 


INDEX, 263 

Unguentum plumbi carbo- Water pepper.....--.ss.e- 130 
DACIS Tee ree c-6! 41 wala, TSF Watermelon vsindescic se 6 sn 00 

RIN PIOX eevee ce aie Tat WV Ve cate ous acterals tee 6 cate 45 
stramonii............. J)74 | Weights and measures.... 5 
sulphuris..... aiete iss: © 174 | White horehound......... 109 
sulphuris compositum. 175 HeNehorGs sees he slesdae LO 
VOETAtri'. ss ss cates mae LTO POP Deere’ oaitictec nies ss sp 124 
ZUM GI catsiate 5225 eee 175 PPECIPITATC Le sea! os sais 85 
Unoflicinal and pseudo-ex- Wild chamomile....... ees OD 


TVACUS Seo Saverls oe « Sees 
fluid) 6xbraciss ic cs's.'3 206 
UW eal PASSA ee ara cp ne sisle als 175 
UTSH ess se A eel alstate ntera’s 17a 

igs 
WAlOPIANA) sac aiecepoe cere Pies 7d) 
Valerian ruot....... ea ee 176 


Valerianate of bismuth.... 40 
Vegetable alkaloids....... 194 


ACIGE: wa:e a's batelaig omernne oe 
VORALLIA,. 4 elcte ce are Da eltgeher reel nO 
Veratrum album...... eee LEG 

viride..... Dicale nietecwa ee OOO 


Verbascum thapsus....... 176 
Verbena officinalis........ 177 


VOT VAT OS sce ia's eratelae SE MUS IAL 
WENO QUY e's ccs esti estas eo 
of meadow saffron. . 21 
of opium..... latina cipere 21 


VAN ‘al Oesie se ececteees cain bee 


antimonii...... acest wiped Wi: 
colchici radicis........ 177 
ergote...... sesagesanerl Te 
ipecacuanhe.......... 178 
ODE vars 6 ogi aera sin 123, 178 
PEL. 6 o's 3c. ly Een ya go) 
SMORICU HA 1c ai ctiere a snie ash 2 178 
VAG re aici orate eee adios s aie 177 
IFOLOtH He seater ere dalite «82.6 177 


Volatile or essential oils .. 191 
Volume of body.......... 215 


WwW. 





CUCU POE sates casey 3205 
PINSET i eis ce shiacwe away oO 
INGISO aah e esis wsicieu hoo 
DOU TOs acarteeins|s9.s\8 asc 54 
yam....... ASE Sie 62 
Wine of Ay aie Sei, tn 
CWZOLS. deinvslewos 5.6 temay lee 
TP GCAO Voie ieta a sais sine a dS 
OPLUMUMTA csr s caieiats aie sae ogi CS 
Winterascngepenseeseascate chro 
Winter’s Oapkis ss ue ctw caro 
Witch: hazel. vc << cee caleba or 
“WoOrmseed sec ccadede ge alae 
W OFMWO0Gi. Sc cin'e cceateate yo) 
Woody nightshade........ 63 


xX. 
ManthorrNizay so csc0e oes bse 19 
CANEROM YIN, Wecisci cle o> 179 

Mg 
Varrows.steivias Sve sisi ae 
WiGaStsc ee cwlsleve asses cee sal aol 
Yellow jasmine........... 785 « 

LOObe a dese vee pace) ses Oy Lao 

Z. 

ANG. .Pulesters arte eereioeiaeeres rake 
Zinc! ACCtas.<.sce ss seis la.0: Oi 179 
carbonas precipitatus. 186 
chloridimrija nae. ae 180 
iodidum..... wetaimald bie 5p OO 

ORY OUM sis's cis, oie ¢ wisibinins§ 180 

BUDO MASS eisantee vvelsieate ve 180 
AUTO DOR nS oi sele.o ec crere.d tcvehe oe 181 


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